Current File : /var/www/vinorea/vendor/phpoffice/phpspreadsheet/src/PhpSpreadsheet/Calculation/Engineering.php
<?php

namespace PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation;

use Complex\Complex;
use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Engineering\ComplexFunctions;
use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Engineering\ComplexOperations;

/**
 * @deprecated 1.18.0
 */
class Engineering
{
    /**
     * EULER.
     *
     * @deprecated 1.18.0
     * @see Use Engineering\Constants\EULER instead
     */
    public const EULER = 2.71828182845904523536;

    /**
     * parseComplex.
     *
     * Parses a complex number into its real and imaginary parts, and an I or J suffix
     *
     * @deprecated 1.12.0 No longer used by internal code. Please use the \Complex\Complex class instead
     *
     * @param string $complexNumber The complex number
     *
     * @return mixed[] Indexed on "real", "imaginary" and "suffix"
     */
    public static function parseComplex($complexNumber)
    {
        $complex = new Complex($complexNumber);

        return [
            'real' => $complex->getReal(),
            'imaginary' => $complex->getImaginary(),
            'suffix' => $complex->getSuffix(),
        ];
    }

    /**
     * BESSELI.
     *
     *    Returns the modified Bessel function In(x), which is equivalent to the Bessel function evaluated
     *        for purely imaginary arguments
     *
     *    Excel Function:
     *        BESSELI(x,ord)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.17.0
     *
     * @see Use the BESSELI() method in the Engineering\BesselI class instead
     *
     * @param float $x The value at which to evaluate the function.
     *                                If x is nonnumeric, BESSELI returns the #VALUE! error value.
     * @param int $ord The order of the Bessel function.
     *                                If ord is not an integer, it is truncated.
     *                                If $ord is nonnumeric, BESSELI returns the #VALUE! error value.
     *                                If $ord < 0, BESSELI returns the #NUM! error value.
     *
     * @return float|string Result, or a string containing an error
     */
    public static function BESSELI($x, $ord)
    {
        return Engineering\BesselI::BESSELI($x, $ord);
    }

    /**
     * BESSELJ.
     *
     *    Returns the Bessel function
     *
     *    Excel Function:
     *        BESSELJ(x,ord)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.17.0
     *
     * @see Use the BESSELJ() method in the Engineering\BesselJ class instead
     *
     * @param float $x The value at which to evaluate the function.
     *                                If x is nonnumeric, BESSELJ returns the #VALUE! error value.
     * @param int $ord The order of the Bessel function. If n is not an integer, it is truncated.
     *                                If $ord is nonnumeric, BESSELJ returns the #VALUE! error value.
     *                                If $ord < 0, BESSELJ returns the #NUM! error value.
     *
     * @return float|string Result, or a string containing an error
     */
    public static function BESSELJ($x, $ord)
    {
        return Engineering\BesselJ::BESSELJ($x, $ord);
    }

    /**
     * BESSELK.
     *
     *    Returns the modified Bessel function Kn(x), which is equivalent to the Bessel functions evaluated
     *        for purely imaginary arguments.
     *
     *    Excel Function:
     *        BESSELK(x,ord)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.17.0
     *
     * @see Use the BESSELK() method in the Engineering\BesselK class instead
     *
     * @param float $x The value at which to evaluate the function.
     *                                If x is nonnumeric, BESSELK returns the #VALUE! error value.
     * @param int $ord The order of the Bessel function. If n is not an integer, it is truncated.
     *                                If $ord is nonnumeric, BESSELK returns the #VALUE! error value.
     *                                If $ord < 0, BESSELK returns the #NUM! error value.
     *
     * @return float|string Result, or a string containing an error
     */
    public static function BESSELK($x, $ord)
    {
        return Engineering\BesselK::BESSELK($x, $ord);
    }

    /**
     * BESSELY.
     *
     * Returns the Bessel function, which is also called the Weber function or the Neumann function.
     *
     *    Excel Function:
     *        BESSELY(x,ord)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.17.0
     *
     * @see Use the BESSELY() method in the Engineering\BesselY class instead
     *
     * @param float $x The value at which to evaluate the function.
     *                                If x is nonnumeric, BESSELY returns the #VALUE! error value.
     * @param int $ord The order of the Bessel function. If n is not an integer, it is truncated.
     *                                If $ord is nonnumeric, BESSELY returns the #VALUE! error value.
     *                                If $ord < 0, BESSELY returns the #NUM! error value.
     *
     * @return float|string Result, or a string containing an error
     */
    public static function BESSELY($x, $ord)
    {
        return Engineering\BesselY::BESSELY($x, $ord);
    }

    /**
     * BINTODEC.
     *
     * Return a binary value as decimal.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        BIN2DEC(x)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.17.0
     *
     * @see Use the toDecimal() method in the Engineering\ConvertBinary class instead
     *
     * @param mixed $x The binary number (as a string) that you want to convert. The number
     *                                cannot contain more than 10 characters (10 bits). The most significant
     *                                bit of number is the sign bit. The remaining 9 bits are magnitude bits.
     *                                Negative numbers are represented using two's-complement notation.
     *                                If number is not a valid binary number, or if number contains more than
     *                                10 characters (10 bits), BIN2DEC returns the #NUM! error value.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public static function BINTODEC($x)
    {
        return Engineering\ConvertBinary::toDecimal($x);
    }

    /**
     * BINTOHEX.
     *
     * Return a binary value as hex.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        BIN2HEX(x[,places])
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.17.0
     *
     * @see Use the toHex() method in the Engineering\ConvertBinary class instead
     *
     * @param mixed $x The binary number (as a string) that you want to convert. The number
     *                                cannot contain more than 10 characters (10 bits). The most significant
     *                                bit of number is the sign bit. The remaining 9 bits are magnitude bits.
     *                                Negative numbers are represented using two's-complement notation.
     *                                If number is not a valid binary number, or if number contains more than
     *                                10 characters (10 bits), BIN2HEX returns the #NUM! error value.
     * @param mixed $places The number of characters to use. If places is omitted, BIN2HEX uses the
     *                                minimum number of characters necessary. Places is useful for padding the
     *                                return value with leading 0s (zeros).
     *                                If places is not an integer, it is truncated.
     *                                If places is nonnumeric, BIN2HEX returns the #VALUE! error value.
     *                                If places is negative, BIN2HEX returns the #NUM! error value.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public static function BINTOHEX($x, $places = null)
    {
        return Engineering\ConvertBinary::toHex($x, $places);
    }

    /**
     * BINTOOCT.
     *
     * Return a binary value as octal.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        BIN2OCT(x[,places])
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.17.0
     *
     * @see Use the toOctal() method in the Engineering\ConvertBinary class instead
     *
     * @param mixed $x The binary number (as a string) that you want to convert. The number
     *                                cannot contain more than 10 characters (10 bits). The most significant
     *                                bit of number is the sign bit. The remaining 9 bits are magnitude bits.
     *                                Negative numbers are represented using two's-complement notation.
     *                                If number is not a valid binary number, or if number contains more than
     *                                10 characters (10 bits), BIN2OCT returns the #NUM! error value.
     * @param mixed $places The number of characters to use. If places is omitted, BIN2OCT uses the
     *                                minimum number of characters necessary. Places is useful for padding the
     *                                return value with leading 0s (zeros).
     *                                If places is not an integer, it is truncated.
     *                                If places is nonnumeric, BIN2OCT returns the #VALUE! error value.
     *                                If places is negative, BIN2OCT returns the #NUM! error value.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public static function BINTOOCT($x, $places = null)
    {
        return Engineering\ConvertBinary::toOctal($x, $places);
    }

    /**
     * DECTOBIN.
     *
     * Return a decimal value as binary.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        DEC2BIN(x[,places])
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.17.0
     *
     * @see Use the toBinary() method in the Engineering\ConvertDecimal class instead
     *
     * @param mixed $x The decimal integer you want to convert. If number is negative,
     *                                valid place values are ignored and DEC2BIN returns a 10-character
     *                                (10-bit) binary number in which the most significant bit is the sign
     *                                bit. The remaining 9 bits are magnitude bits. Negative numbers are
     *                                represented using two's-complement notation.
     *                                If number < -512 or if number > 511, DEC2BIN returns the #NUM! error
     *                                value.
     *                                If number is nonnumeric, DEC2BIN returns the #VALUE! error value.
     *                                If DEC2BIN requires more than places characters, it returns the #NUM!
     *                                error value.
     * @param mixed $places The number of characters to use. If places is omitted, DEC2BIN uses
     *                                the minimum number of characters necessary. Places is useful for
     *                                padding the return value with leading 0s (zeros).
     *                                If places is not an integer, it is truncated.
     *                                If places is nonnumeric, DEC2BIN returns the #VALUE! error value.
     *                                If places is zero or negative, DEC2BIN returns the #NUM! error value.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public static function DECTOBIN($x, $places = null)
    {
        return Engineering\ConvertDecimal::toBinary($x, $places);
    }

    /**
     * DECTOHEX.
     *
     * Return a decimal value as hex.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        DEC2HEX(x[,places])
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.17.0
     *
     * @see Use the toHex() method in the Engineering\ConvertDecimal class instead
     *
     * @param mixed $x The decimal integer you want to convert. If number is negative,
     *                                places is ignored and DEC2HEX returns a 10-character (40-bit)
     *                                hexadecimal number in which the most significant bit is the sign
     *                                bit. The remaining 39 bits are magnitude bits. Negative numbers
     *                                are represented using two's-complement notation.
     *                                If number < -549,755,813,888 or if number > 549,755,813,887,
     *                                DEC2HEX returns the #NUM! error value.
     *                                If number is nonnumeric, DEC2HEX returns the #VALUE! error value.
     *                                If DEC2HEX requires more than places characters, it returns the
     *                                #NUM! error value.
     * @param mixed $places The number of characters to use. If places is omitted, DEC2HEX uses
     *                                the minimum number of characters necessary. Places is useful for
     *                                padding the return value with leading 0s (zeros).
     *                                If places is not an integer, it is truncated.
     *                                If places is nonnumeric, DEC2HEX returns the #VALUE! error value.
     *                                If places is zero or negative, DEC2HEX returns the #NUM! error value.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public static function DECTOHEX($x, $places = null)
    {
        return Engineering\ConvertDecimal::toHex($x, $places);
    }

    /**
     * DECTOOCT.
     *
     * Return an decimal value as octal.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        DEC2OCT(x[,places])
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.17.0
     *
     * @see Use the toOctal() method in the Engineering\ConvertDecimal class instead
     *
     * @param mixed $x The decimal integer you want to convert. If number is negative,
     *                                places is ignored and DEC2OCT returns a 10-character (30-bit)
     *                                octal number in which the most significant bit is the sign bit.
     *                                The remaining 29 bits are magnitude bits. Negative numbers are
     *                                represented using two's-complement notation.
     *                                If number < -536,870,912 or if number > 536,870,911, DEC2OCT
     *                                returns the #NUM! error value.
     *                                If number is nonnumeric, DEC2OCT returns the #VALUE! error value.
     *                                If DEC2OCT requires more than places characters, it returns the
     *                                #NUM! error value.
     * @param mixed $places The number of characters to use. If places is omitted, DEC2OCT uses
     *                                the minimum number of characters necessary. Places is useful for
     *                                padding the return value with leading 0s (zeros).
     *                                If places is not an integer, it is truncated.
     *                                If places is nonnumeric, DEC2OCT returns the #VALUE! error value.
     *                                If places is zero or negative, DEC2OCT returns the #NUM! error value.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public static function DECTOOCT($x, $places = null)
    {
        return Engineering\ConvertDecimal::toOctal($x, $places);
    }

    /**
     * HEXTOBIN.
     *
     * Return a hex value as binary.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        HEX2BIN(x[,places])
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.17.0
     *
     * @see Use the toBinary() method in the Engineering\ConvertHex class instead
     *
     * @param mixed $x the hexadecimal number (as a string) that you want to convert.
     *                  Number cannot contain more than 10 characters.
     *                  The most significant bit of number is the sign bit (40th bit from the right).
     *                  The remaining 9 bits are magnitude bits.
     *                  Negative numbers are represented using two's-complement notation.
     *                  If number is negative, HEX2BIN ignores places and returns a 10-character binary number.
     *                  If number is negative, it cannot be less than FFFFFFFE00,
     *                      and if number is positive, it cannot be greater than 1FF.
     *                  If number is not a valid hexadecimal number, HEX2BIN returns the #NUM! error value.
     *                  If HEX2BIN requires more than places characters, it returns the #NUM! error value.
     * @param mixed $places The number of characters to use. If places is omitted,
     *                                    HEX2BIN uses the minimum number of characters necessary. Places
     *                                    is useful for padding the return value with leading 0s (zeros).
     *                                    If places is not an integer, it is truncated.
     *                                    If places is nonnumeric, HEX2BIN returns the #VALUE! error value.
     *                                    If places is negative, HEX2BIN returns the #NUM! error value.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public static function HEXTOBIN($x, $places = null)
    {
        return Engineering\ConvertHex::toBinary($x, $places);
    }

    /**
     * HEXTODEC.
     *
     * Return a hex value as decimal.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        HEX2DEC(x)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.17.0
     *
     * @see Use the toDecimal() method in the Engineering\ConvertHex class instead
     *
     * @param mixed $x The hexadecimal number (as a string) that you want to convert. This number cannot
     *                                contain more than 10 characters (40 bits). The most significant
     *                                bit of number is the sign bit. The remaining 39 bits are magnitude
     *                                bits. Negative numbers are represented using two's-complement
     *                                notation.
     *                                If number is not a valid hexadecimal number, HEX2DEC returns the
     *                                #NUM! error value.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public static function HEXTODEC($x)
    {
        return Engineering\ConvertHex::toDecimal($x);
    }

    /**
     * HEXTOOCT.
     *
     * Return a hex value as octal.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        HEX2OCT(x[,places])
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.17.0
     *
     * @see Use the toOctal() method in the Engineering\ConvertHex class instead
     *
     * @param mixed $x The hexadecimal number (as a string) that you want to convert. Number cannot
     *                                    contain more than 10 characters. The most significant bit of
     *                                    number is the sign bit. The remaining 39 bits are magnitude
     *                                    bits. Negative numbers are represented using two's-complement
     *                                    notation.
     *                                    If number is negative, HEX2OCT ignores places and returns a
     *                                    10-character octal number.
     *                                    If number is negative, it cannot be less than FFE0000000, and
     *                                    if number is positive, it cannot be greater than 1FFFFFFF.
     *                                    If number is not a valid hexadecimal number, HEX2OCT returns
     *                                    the #NUM! error value.
     *                                    If HEX2OCT requires more than places characters, it returns
     *                                    the #NUM! error value.
     * @param mixed $places The number of characters to use. If places is omitted, HEX2OCT
     *                                    uses the minimum number of characters necessary. Places is
     *                                    useful for padding the return value with leading 0s (zeros).
     *                                    If places is not an integer, it is truncated.
     *                                    If places is nonnumeric, HEX2OCT returns the #VALUE! error
     *                                    value.
     *                                    If places is negative, HEX2OCT returns the #NUM! error value.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public static function HEXTOOCT($x, $places = null)
    {
        return Engineering\ConvertHex::toOctal($x, $places);
    }

    /**
     * OCTTOBIN.
     *
     * Return an octal value as binary.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        OCT2BIN(x[,places])
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.17.0
     *
     * @see Use the toBinary() method in the Engineering\ConvertOctal class instead
     *
     * @param mixed $x The octal number you want to convert. Number may not
     *                                    contain more than 10 characters. The most significant
     *                                    bit of number is the sign bit. The remaining 29 bits
     *                                    are magnitude bits. Negative numbers are represented
     *                                    using two's-complement notation.
     *                                    If number is negative, OCT2BIN ignores places and returns
     *                                    a 10-character binary number.
     *                                    If number is negative, it cannot be less than 7777777000,
     *                                    and if number is positive, it cannot be greater than 777.
     *                                    If number is not a valid octal number, OCT2BIN returns
     *                                    the #NUM! error value.
     *                                    If OCT2BIN requires more than places characters, it
     *                                    returns the #NUM! error value.
     * @param mixed $places The number of characters to use. If places is omitted,
     *                                    OCT2BIN uses the minimum number of characters necessary.
     *                                    Places is useful for padding the return value with
     *                                    leading 0s (zeros).
     *                                    If places is not an integer, it is truncated.
     *                                    If places is nonnumeric, OCT2BIN returns the #VALUE!
     *                                    error value.
     *                                    If places is negative, OCT2BIN returns the #NUM! error
     *                                    value.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public static function OCTTOBIN($x, $places = null)
    {
        return Engineering\ConvertOctal::toBinary($x, $places);
    }

    /**
     * OCTTODEC.
     *
     * Return an octal value as decimal.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        OCT2DEC(x)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.17.0
     *
     * @see Use the toDecimal() method in the Engineering\ConvertOctal class instead
     *
     * @param mixed $x The octal number you want to convert. Number may not contain
     *                                more than 10 octal characters (30 bits). The most significant
     *                                bit of number is the sign bit. The remaining 29 bits are
     *                                magnitude bits. Negative numbers are represented using
     *                                two's-complement notation.
     *                                If number is not a valid octal number, OCT2DEC returns the
     *                                #NUM! error value.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public static function OCTTODEC($x)
    {
        return Engineering\ConvertOctal::toDecimal($x);
    }

    /**
     * OCTTOHEX.
     *
     * Return an octal value as hex.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        OCT2HEX(x[,places])
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.17.0
     *
     * @see Use the toHex() method in the Engineering\ConvertOctal class instead
     *
     * @param mixed $x The octal number you want to convert. Number may not contain
     *                                    more than 10 octal characters (30 bits). The most significant
     *                                    bit of number is the sign bit. The remaining 29 bits are
     *                                    magnitude bits. Negative numbers are represented using
     *                                    two's-complement notation.
     *                                    If number is negative, OCT2HEX ignores places and returns a
     *                                    10-character hexadecimal number.
     *                                    If number is not a valid octal number, OCT2HEX returns the
     *                                    #NUM! error value.
     *                                    If OCT2HEX requires more than places characters, it returns
     *                                    the #NUM! error value.
     * @param mixed $places The number of characters to use. If places is omitted, OCT2HEX
     *                                    uses the minimum number of characters necessary. Places is useful
     *                                    for padding the return value with leading 0s (zeros).
     *                                    If places is not an integer, it is truncated.
     *                                    If places is nonnumeric, OCT2HEX returns the #VALUE! error value.
     *                                    If places is negative, OCT2HEX returns the #NUM! error value.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public static function OCTTOHEX($x, $places = null)
    {
        return Engineering\ConvertOctal::toHex($x, $places);
    }

    /**
     * COMPLEX.
     *
     * Converts real and imaginary coefficients into a complex number of the form x +/- yi or x +/- yj.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        COMPLEX(realNumber,imaginary[,suffix])
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.18.0
     *
     * @see Use the COMPLEX() method in the Engineering\Complex class instead
     *
     * @param float $realNumber the real coefficient of the complex number
     * @param float $imaginary the imaginary coefficient of the complex number
     * @param string $suffix The suffix for the imaginary component of the complex number.
     *                                        If omitted, the suffix is assumed to be "i".
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public static function COMPLEX($realNumber = 0.0, $imaginary = 0.0, $suffix = 'i')
    {
        return Engineering\Complex::COMPLEX($realNumber, $imaginary, $suffix);
    }

    /**
     * IMAGINARY.
     *
     * Returns the imaginary coefficient of a complex number in x + yi or x + yj text format.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        IMAGINARY(complexNumber)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.18.0
     *
     * @see Use the IMAGINARY() method in the Engineering\Complex class instead
     *
     * @param string $complexNumber the complex number for which you want the imaginary
     *                                         coefficient
     *
     * @return float|string
     */
    public static function IMAGINARY($complexNumber)
    {
        return Engineering\Complex::IMAGINARY($complexNumber);
    }

    /**
     * IMREAL.
     *
     * Returns the real coefficient of a complex number in x + yi or x + yj text format.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        IMREAL(complexNumber)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.18.0
     *
     * @see Use the IMREAL() method in the Engineering\Complex class instead
     *
     * @param string $complexNumber the complex number for which you want the real coefficient
     *
     * @return float|string
     */
    public static function IMREAL($complexNumber)
    {
        return Engineering\Complex::IMREAL($complexNumber);
    }

    /**
     * IMABS.
     *
     * Returns the absolute value (modulus) of a complex number in x + yi or x + yj text format.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        IMABS(complexNumber)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.18.0
     *
     * @see Use the IMABS() method in the Engineering\ComplexFunctions class instead
     *
     * @param string $complexNumber the complex number for which you want the absolute value
     *
     * @return float|string
     */
    public static function IMABS($complexNumber)
    {
        return ComplexFunctions::IMABS($complexNumber);
    }

    /**
     * IMARGUMENT.
     *
     * Returns the argument theta of a complex number, i.e. the angle in radians from the real
     * axis to the representation of the number in polar coordinates.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        IMARGUMENT(complexNumber)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.18.0
     *
     * @see Use the IMARGUMENT() method in the Engineering\ComplexFunctions class instead
     *
     * @param string $complexNumber the complex number for which you want the argument theta
     *
     * @return float|string
     */
    public static function IMARGUMENT($complexNumber)
    {
        return ComplexFunctions::IMARGUMENT($complexNumber);
    }

    /**
     * IMCONJUGATE.
     *
     * Returns the complex conjugate of a complex number in x + yi or x + yj text format.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        IMCONJUGATE(complexNumber)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.18.0
     *
     * @see Use the IMARGUMENT() method in the Engineering\ComplexFunctions class instead
     *
     * @param string $complexNumber the complex number for which you want the conjugate
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public static function IMCONJUGATE($complexNumber)
    {
        return ComplexFunctions::IMCONJUGATE($complexNumber);
    }

    /**
     * IMCOS.
     *
     * Returns the cosine of a complex number in x + yi or x + yj text format.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        IMCOS(complexNumber)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.18.0
     *
     * @see Use the IMCOS() method in the Engineering\ComplexFunctions class instead
     *
     * @param string $complexNumber the complex number for which you want the cosine
     *
     * @return float|string
     */
    public static function IMCOS($complexNumber)
    {
        return ComplexFunctions::IMCOS($complexNumber);
    }

    /**
     * IMCOSH.
     *
     * Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a complex number in x + yi or x + yj text format.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        IMCOSH(complexNumber)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.18.0
     *
     * @see Use the IMCOSH() method in the Engineering\ComplexFunctions class instead
     *
     * @param string $complexNumber the complex number for which you want the hyperbolic cosine
     *
     * @return float|string
     */
    public static function IMCOSH($complexNumber)
    {
        return ComplexFunctions::IMCOSH($complexNumber);
    }

    /**
     * IMCOT.
     *
     * Returns the cotangent of a complex number in x + yi or x + yj text format.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        IMCOT(complexNumber)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.18.0
     *
     * @see Use the IMCOT() method in the Engineering\ComplexFunctions class instead
     *
     * @param string $complexNumber the complex number for which you want the cotangent
     *
     * @return float|string
     */
    public static function IMCOT($complexNumber)
    {
        return ComplexFunctions::IMCOT($complexNumber);
    }

    /**
     * IMCSC.
     *
     * Returns the cosecant of a complex number in x + yi or x + yj text format.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        IMCSC(complexNumber)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.18.0
     *
     * @see Use the IMCSC() method in the Engineering\ComplexFunctions class instead
     *
     * @param string $complexNumber the complex number for which you want the cosecant
     *
     * @return float|string
     */
    public static function IMCSC($complexNumber)
    {
        return ComplexFunctions::IMCSC($complexNumber);
    }

    /**
     * IMCSCH.
     *
     * Returns the hyperbolic cosecant of a complex number in x + yi or x + yj text format.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        IMCSCH(complexNumber)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.18.0
     *
     * @see Use the IMCSCH() method in the Engineering\ComplexFunctions class instead
     *
     * @param string $complexNumber the complex number for which you want the hyperbolic cosecant
     *
     * @return float|string
     */
    public static function IMCSCH($complexNumber)
    {
        return ComplexFunctions::IMCSCH($complexNumber);
    }

    /**
     * IMSIN.
     *
     * Returns the sine of a complex number in x + yi or x + yj text format.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        IMSIN(complexNumber)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.18.0
     *
     * @see Use the IMSIN() method in the Engineering\ComplexFunctions class instead
     *
     * @param string $complexNumber the complex number for which you want the sine
     *
     * @return float|string
     */
    public static function IMSIN($complexNumber)
    {
        return ComplexFunctions::IMSIN($complexNumber);
    }

    /**
     * IMSINH.
     *
     * Returns the hyperbolic sine of a complex number in x + yi or x + yj text format.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        IMSINH(complexNumber)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.18.0
     *
     * @see Use the IMSINH() method in the Engineering\ComplexFunctions class instead
     *
     * @param string $complexNumber the complex number for which you want the hyperbolic sine
     *
     * @return float|string
     */
    public static function IMSINH($complexNumber)
    {
        return ComplexFunctions::IMSINH($complexNumber);
    }

    /**
     * IMSEC.
     *
     * Returns the secant of a complex number in x + yi or x + yj text format.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        IMSEC(complexNumber)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.18.0
     *
     * @see Use the IMSEC() method in the Engineering\ComplexFunctions class instead
     *
     * @param string $complexNumber the complex number for which you want the secant
     *
     * @return float|string
     */
    public static function IMSEC($complexNumber)
    {
        return ComplexFunctions::IMSEC($complexNumber);
    }

    /**
     * IMSECH.
     *
     * Returns the hyperbolic secant of a complex number in x + yi or x + yj text format.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        IMSECH(complexNumber)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.18.0
     *
     * @see Use the IMSECH() method in the Engineering\ComplexFunctions class instead
     *
     * @param string $complexNumber the complex number for which you want the hyperbolic secant
     *
     * @return float|string
     */
    public static function IMSECH($complexNumber)
    {
        return ComplexFunctions::IMSECH($complexNumber);
    }

    /**
     * IMTAN.
     *
     * Returns the tangent of a complex number in x + yi or x + yj text format.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        IMTAN(complexNumber)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.18.0
     *
     * @see Use the IMTAN() method in the Engineering\ComplexFunctions class instead
     *
     * @param string $complexNumber the complex number for which you want the tangent
     *
     * @return float|string
     */
    public static function IMTAN($complexNumber)
    {
        return ComplexFunctions::IMTAN($complexNumber);
    }

    /**
     * IMSQRT.
     *
     * Returns the square root of a complex number in x + yi or x + yj text format.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        IMSQRT(complexNumber)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.18.0
     *
     * @see Use the IMSQRT() method in the Engineering\ComplexFunctions class instead
     *
     * @param string $complexNumber the complex number for which you want the square root
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public static function IMSQRT($complexNumber)
    {
        return ComplexFunctions::IMSQRT($complexNumber);
    }

    /**
     * IMLN.
     *
     * Returns the natural logarithm of a complex number in x + yi or x + yj text format.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        IMLN(complexNumber)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.18.0
     *
     * @see Use the IMLN() method in the Engineering\ComplexFunctions class instead
     *
     * @param string $complexNumber the complex number for which you want the natural logarithm
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public static function IMLN($complexNumber)
    {
        return ComplexFunctions::IMLN($complexNumber);
    }

    /**
     * IMLOG10.
     *
     * Returns the common logarithm (base 10) of a complex number in x + yi or x + yj text format.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        IMLOG10(complexNumber)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.18.0
     *
     * @see Use the IMLOG10() method in the Engineering\ComplexFunctions class instead
     *
     * @param string $complexNumber the complex number for which you want the common logarithm
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public static function IMLOG10($complexNumber)
    {
        return ComplexFunctions::IMLOG10($complexNumber);
    }

    /**
     * IMLOG2.
     *
     * Returns the base-2 logarithm of a complex number in x + yi or x + yj text format.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        IMLOG2(complexNumber)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.18.0
     *
     * @see Use the IMLOG2() method in the Engineering\ComplexFunctions class instead
     *
     * @param string $complexNumber the complex number for which you want the base-2 logarithm
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public static function IMLOG2($complexNumber)
    {
        return ComplexFunctions::IMLOG2($complexNumber);
    }

    /**
     * IMEXP.
     *
     * Returns the exponential of a complex number in x + yi or x + yj text format.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        IMEXP(complexNumber)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.18.0
     *
     * @see Use the IMEXP() method in the Engineering\ComplexFunctions class instead
     *
     * @param string $complexNumber the complex number for which you want the exponential
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public static function IMEXP($complexNumber)
    {
        return ComplexFunctions::IMEXP($complexNumber);
    }

    /**
     * IMPOWER.
     *
     * Returns a complex number in x + yi or x + yj text format raised to a power.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        IMPOWER(complexNumber,realNumber)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.18.0
     *
     * @see Use the IMPOWER() method in the Engineering\ComplexFunctions class instead
     *
     * @param string $complexNumber the complex number you want to raise to a power
     * @param float $realNumber the power to which you want to raise the complex number
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public static function IMPOWER($complexNumber, $realNumber)
    {
        return ComplexFunctions::IMPOWER($complexNumber, $realNumber);
    }

    /**
     * IMDIV.
     *
     * Returns the quotient of two complex numbers in x + yi or x + yj text format.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        IMDIV(complexDividend,complexDivisor)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.18.0
     *
     * @see Use the IMDIV() method in the Engineering\ComplexOperations class instead
     *
     * @param string $complexDividend the complex numerator or dividend
     * @param string $complexDivisor the complex denominator or divisor
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public static function IMDIV($complexDividend, $complexDivisor)
    {
        return ComplexOperations::IMDIV($complexDividend, $complexDivisor);
    }

    /**
     * IMSUB.
     *
     * Returns the difference of two complex numbers in x + yi or x + yj text format.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        IMSUB(complexNumber1,complexNumber2)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.18.0
     *
     * @see Use the IMSUB() method in the Engineering\ComplexOperations class instead
     *
     * @param string $complexNumber1 the complex number from which to subtract complexNumber2
     * @param string $complexNumber2 the complex number to subtract from complexNumber1
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public static function IMSUB($complexNumber1, $complexNumber2)
    {
        return ComplexOperations::IMSUB($complexNumber1, $complexNumber2);
    }

    /**
     * IMSUM.
     *
     * Returns the sum of two or more complex numbers in x + yi or x + yj text format.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        IMSUM(complexNumber[,complexNumber[,...]])
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.18.0
     *
     * @see Use the IMSUM() method in the Engineering\ComplexOperations class instead
     *
     * @param string ...$complexNumbers Series of complex numbers to add
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public static function IMSUM(...$complexNumbers)
    {
        return ComplexOperations::IMSUM(...$complexNumbers);
    }

    /**
     * IMPRODUCT.
     *
     * Returns the product of two or more complex numbers in x + yi or x + yj text format.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        IMPRODUCT(complexNumber[,complexNumber[,...]])
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.18.0
     *
     * @see Use the IMPRODUCT() method in the Engineering\ComplexOperations class instead
     *
     * @param string ...$complexNumbers Series of complex numbers to multiply
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public static function IMPRODUCT(...$complexNumbers)
    {
        return ComplexOperations::IMPRODUCT(...$complexNumbers);
    }

    /**
     * DELTA.
     *
     * Tests whether two values are equal. Returns 1 if number1 = number2; returns 0 otherwise.
     * Use this function to filter a set of values. For example, by summing several DELTA
     *     functions you calculate the count of equal pairs. This function is also known as the
     *     Kronecker Delta function.
     *
     *    Excel Function:
     *        DELTA(a[,b])
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.17.0
     *
     * @see Use the DELTA() method in the Engineering\Compare class instead
     *
     * @param float $a the first number
     * @param float $b The second number. If omitted, b is assumed to be zero.
     *
     * @return int|string (string in the event of an error)
     */
    public static function DELTA($a, $b = 0)
    {
        return Engineering\Compare::DELTA($a, $b);
    }

    /**
     * GESTEP.
     *
     *    Excel Function:
     *        GESTEP(number[,step])
     *
     *    Returns 1 if number >= step; returns 0 (zero) otherwise
     *    Use this function to filter a set of values. For example, by summing several GESTEP
     *        functions you calculate the count of values that exceed a threshold.
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.17.0
     *
     * @see Use the GESTEP() method in the Engineering\Compare class instead
     *
     * @param float $number the value to test against step
     * @param float $step The threshold value. If you omit a value for step, GESTEP uses zero.
     *
     * @return int|string (string in the event of an error)
     */
    public static function GESTEP($number, $step = 0)
    {
        return Engineering\Compare::GESTEP($number, $step);
    }

    /**
     * BITAND.
     *
     * Returns the bitwise AND of two integer values.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        BITAND(number1, number2)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.17.0
     *
     * @see Use the BITAND() method in the Engineering\BitWise class instead
     *
     * @param int $number1
     * @param int $number2
     *
     * @return int|string
     */
    public static function BITAND($number1, $number2)
    {
        return Engineering\BitWise::BITAND($number1, $number2);
    }

    /**
     * BITOR.
     *
     * Returns the bitwise OR of two integer values.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        BITOR(number1, number2)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.17.0
     *
     * @see Use the BITOR() method in the Engineering\BitWise class instead
     *
     * @param int $number1
     * @param int $number2
     *
     * @return int|string
     */
    public static function BITOR($number1, $number2)
    {
        return Engineering\BitWise::BITOR($number1, $number2);
    }

    /**
     * BITXOR.
     *
     * Returns the bitwise XOR of two integer values.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        BITXOR(number1, number2)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.17.0
     *
     * @see Use the BITXOR() method in the Engineering\BitWise class instead
     *
     * @param int $number1
     * @param int $number2
     *
     * @return int|string
     */
    public static function BITXOR($number1, $number2)
    {
        return Engineering\BitWise::BITXOR($number1, $number2);
    }

    /**
     * BITLSHIFT.
     *
     * Returns the number value shifted left by shift_amount bits.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        BITLSHIFT(number, shift_amount)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.17.0
     *
     * @see Use the BITLSHIFT() method in the Engineering\BitWise class instead
     *
     * @param int $number
     * @param int $shiftAmount
     *
     * @return int|string
     */
    public static function BITLSHIFT($number, $shiftAmount)
    {
        return Engineering\BitWise::BITLSHIFT($number, $shiftAmount);
    }

    /**
     * BITRSHIFT.
     *
     * Returns the number value shifted right by shift_amount bits.
     *
     * Excel Function:
     *        BITRSHIFT(number, shift_amount)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.17.0
     *
     * @see Use the BITRSHIFT() method in the Engineering\BitWise class instead
     *
     * @param int $number
     * @param int $shiftAmount
     *
     * @return int|string
     */
    public static function BITRSHIFT($number, $shiftAmount)
    {
        return Engineering\BitWise::BITRSHIFT($number, $shiftAmount);
    }

    /**
     * ERF.
     *
     * Returns the error function integrated between the lower and upper bound arguments.
     *
     *    Note: In Excel 2007 or earlier, if you input a negative value for the upper or lower bound arguments,
     *            the function would return a #NUM! error. However, in Excel 2010, the function algorithm was
     *            improved, so that it can now calculate the function for both positive and negative ranges.
     *            PhpSpreadsheet follows Excel 2010 behaviour, and accepts negative arguments.
     *
     *    Excel Function:
     *        ERF(lower[,upper])
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.17.0
     *
     * @see Use the ERF() method in the Engineering\Erf class instead
     *
     * @param float $lower lower bound for integrating ERF
     * @param float $upper upper bound for integrating ERF.
     *                                If omitted, ERF integrates between zero and lower_limit
     *
     * @return float|string
     */
    public static function ERF($lower, $upper = null)
    {
        return Engineering\Erf::ERF($lower, $upper);
    }

    /**
     * ERFPRECISE.
     *
     * Returns the error function integrated between the lower and upper bound arguments.
     *
     *    Excel Function:
     *        ERF.PRECISE(limit)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.17.0
     *
     * @see Use the ERFPRECISE() method in the Engineering\Erf class instead
     *
     * @param float $limit bound for integrating ERF
     *
     * @return float|string
     */
    public static function ERFPRECISE($limit)
    {
        return Engineering\Erf::ERFPRECISE($limit);
    }

    /**
     * ERFC.
     *
     *    Returns the complementary ERF function integrated between x and infinity
     *
     *    Note: In Excel 2007 or earlier, if you input a negative value for the lower bound argument,
     *        the function would return a #NUM! error. However, in Excel 2010, the function algorithm was
     *        improved, so that it can now calculate the function for both positive and negative x values.
     *            PhpSpreadsheet follows Excel 2010 behaviour, and accepts nagative arguments.
     *
     *    Excel Function:
     *        ERFC(x)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.17.0
     *
     * @see Use the ERFC() method in the Engineering\ErfC class instead
     *
     * @param float $x The lower bound for integrating ERFC
     *
     * @return float|string
     */
    public static function ERFC($x)
    {
        return Engineering\ErfC::ERFC($x);
    }

    /**
     *    getConversionGroups
     * Returns a list of the different conversion groups for UOM conversions.
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.16.0
     *
     * @see Use the getConversionCategories() method in the Engineering\ConvertUOM class instead
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public static function getConversionGroups()
    {
        return Engineering\ConvertUOM::getConversionCategories();
    }

    /**
     *    getConversionGroupUnits
     * Returns an array of units of measure, for a specified conversion group, or for all groups.
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.16.0
     *
     * @see Use the getConversionCategoryUnits() method in the ConvertUOM class instead
     *
     * @param null|mixed $category
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public static function getConversionGroupUnits($category = null)
    {
        return Engineering\ConvertUOM::getConversionCategoryUnits($category);
    }

    /**
     * getConversionGroupUnitDetails.
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.16.0
     *
     * @see Use the getConversionCategoryUnitDetails() method in the ConvertUOM class instead
     *
     * @param null|mixed $category
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public static function getConversionGroupUnitDetails($category = null)
    {
        return Engineering\ConvertUOM::getConversionCategoryUnitDetails($category);
    }

    /**
     *    getConversionMultipliers
     * Returns an array of the Multiplier prefixes that can be used with Units of Measure in CONVERTUOM().
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.16.0
     *
     * @see Use the getConversionMultipliers() method in the ConvertUOM class instead
     *
     * @return mixed[]
     */
    public static function getConversionMultipliers()
    {
        return Engineering\ConvertUOM::getConversionMultipliers();
    }

    /**
     *    getBinaryConversionMultipliers.
     *
     * Returns an array of the additional Multiplier prefixes that can be used with Information Units of Measure
     *     in CONVERTUOM().
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.16.0
     *
     * @see Use the getBinaryConversionMultipliers() method in the ConvertUOM class instead
     *
     * @return mixed[]
     */
    public static function getBinaryConversionMultipliers()
    {
        return Engineering\ConvertUOM::getBinaryConversionMultipliers();
    }

    /**
     * CONVERTUOM.
     *
     * Converts a number from one measurement system to another.
     *    For example, CONVERT can translate a table of distances in miles to a table of distances
     * in kilometers.
     *
     *    Excel Function:
     *        CONVERT(value,fromUOM,toUOM)
     *
     * @Deprecated 1.16.0
     *
     * @see Use the CONVERT() method in the ConvertUOM class instead
     *
     * @param float|int $value the value in fromUOM to convert
     * @param string $fromUOM the units for value
     * @param string $toUOM the units for the result
     *
     * @return float|string
     */
    public static function CONVERTUOM($value, $fromUOM, $toUOM)
    {
        return Engineering\ConvertUOM::CONVERT($value, $fromUOM, $toUOM);
    }
}
¿Qué es la limpieza dental de perros? - Clínica veterinaria


Es la eliminación del sarro y la placa adherida a la superficie de los dientes mediante un equipo de ultrasonidos que garantiza la integridad de las piezas dentales a la vez que elimina en profundidad cualquier resto de suciedad.

A continuación se procede al pulido de los dientes mediante una fresa especial que elimina la placa bacteriana y devuelve a los dientes el aspecto sano que deben tener.

Una vez terminado todo el proceso, se mantiene al perro en observación hasta que se despierta de la anestesia, bajo la atenta supervisión de un veterinario.

¿Cada cuánto tiempo tengo que hacerle una limpieza dental a mi perro?

A partir de cierta edad, los perros pueden necesitar una limpieza dental anual o bianual. Depende de cada caso. En líneas generales, puede decirse que los perros de razas pequeñas suelen acumular más sarro y suelen necesitar una atención mayor en cuanto a higiene dental.


Riesgos de una mala higiene


Los riesgos más evidentes de una mala higiene dental en los perros son los siguientes:

  • Cuando la acumulación de sarro no se trata, se puede producir una inflamación y retracción de las encías que puede descalzar el diente y provocar caídas.
  • Mal aliento (halitosis).
  • Sarro perros
  • Puede ir a más
  • Las bacterias de la placa pueden trasladarse a través del torrente circulatorio a órganos vitales como el corazón ocasionando problemas de endocarditis en las válvulas. Las bacterias pueden incluso acantonarse en huesos (La osteomielitis es la infección ósea, tanto cortical como medular) provocando mucho dolor y una artritis séptica).

¿Cómo se forma el sarro?

El sarro es la calcificación de la placa dental. Los restos de alimentos, junto con las bacterias presentes en la boca, van a formar la placa bacteriana o placa dental. Si la placa no se retira, al mezclarse con la saliva y los minerales presentes en ella, reaccionará formando una costra. La placa se calcifica y se forma el sarro.

El sarro, cuando se forma, es de color blanquecino pero a medida que pasa el tiempo se va poniendo amarillo y luego marrón.

Síntomas de una pobre higiene dental
La señal más obvia de una mala salud dental canina es el mal aliento.

Sin embargo, a veces no es tan fácil de detectar
Y hay perros que no se dejan abrir la boca por su dueño. Por ejemplo…

Recientemente nos trajeron a la clínica a un perro que parpadeaba de un ojo y decía su dueño que le picaba un lado de la cara. Tenía molestias y dificultad para comer, lo que había llevado a sus dueños a comprarle comida blanda (que suele ser un poco más cara y llevar más contenido en grasa) durante medio año. Después de una exploración oftalmológica, nos dimos cuenta de que el ojo tenía una úlcera en la córnea probablemente de rascarse . Además, el canto lateral del ojo estaba inflamado. Tenía lo que en humanos llamamos flemón pero como era un perro de pelo largo, no se le notaba a simple vista. Al abrirle la boca nos llamó la atención el ver una muela llena de sarro. Le realizamos una radiografía y encontramos una fístula que llegaba hasta la parte inferior del ojo.

Le tuvimos que extraer la muela. Tras esto, el ojo se curó completamente con unos colirios y una lentilla protectora de úlcera. Afortunadamente, la úlcera no profundizó y no perforó el ojo. Ahora el perro come perfectamente a pesar de haber perdido una muela.

¿Cómo mantener la higiene dental de tu perro?
Hay varias maneras de prevenir problemas derivados de la salud dental de tu perro.

Limpiezas de dientes en casa
Es recomendable limpiar los dientes de tu perro semanal o diariamente si se puede. Existe una gran variedad de productos que se pueden utilizar:

Pastas de dientes.
Cepillos de dientes o dedales para el dedo índice, que hacen más fácil la limpieza.
Colutorios para echar en agua de bebida o directamente sobre el diente en líquido o en spray.

En la Clínica Tus Veterinarios enseñamos a nuestros clientes a tomar el hábito de limpiar los dientes de sus perros desde que son cachorros. Esto responde a nuestro compromiso con la prevención de enfermedades caninas.

Hoy en día tenemos muchos clientes que limpian los dientes todos los días a su mascota, y como resultado, se ahorran el dinero de hacer limpiezas dentales profesionales y consiguen una mejor salud de su perro.


Limpiezas dentales profesionales de perros y gatos

Recomendamos hacer una limpieza dental especializada anualmente. La realizamos con un aparato de ultrasonidos que utiliza agua para quitar el sarro. Después, procedemos a pulir los dientes con un cepillo de alta velocidad y una pasta especial. Hacemos esto para proteger el esmalte.

La frecuencia de limpiezas dentales necesaria varía mucho entre razas. En general, las razas grandes tienen buena calidad de esmalte, por lo que no necesitan hacerlo tan a menudo e incluso pueden pasarse la vida sin requerir una limpieza. Sin embargo, razas pequeñas como el Yorkshire o el Maltés, deben hacérselas todos los años desde cachorros si se quiere conservar sus piezas dentales.

Otro factor fundamental es la calidad del pienso. Algunas marcas han diseñado croquetas que limpian la superficie del diente y de la muela al masticarse.

Ultrasonido para perros

¿Se necesita anestesia para las limpiezas dentales de perros y gatos?

La limpieza dental en perros no es una técnica que pueda practicarse sin anestesia general , aunque hay veces que los propietarios no quieren anestesiar y si tiene poco sarro y el perro es muy bueno se puede intentar…… , pero no se va a poder pulir ni acceder a todas la zona de la boca …. Además los limpiadores dentales van a irrigar agua y hay riesgo de aspiración a vías respiratorias si no se realiza una anestesia correcta con intubación traqueal . En resumen , sin anestesia no se va hacer una correcta limpieza dental.

Tampoco sirve la sedación ya que necesitamos que el animal esté totalmente quieto, y el veterinario tenga un acceso completo a todas sus piezas dentales y encías.

Alimentos para la limpieza dental

Hay que tener cierto cuidado a la hora de comprar determinados alimentos porque no todos son saludables. Algunos tienen demasiado contenido graso, que en exceso puede causar problemas cardiovasculares y obesidad.

Los mejores alimentos para los dientes son aquellos que están elaborados por empresas farmacéuticas y llevan componentes químicos con tratamientos específicos para el diente del perro. Esto implica no solo limpieza a través de la acción mecánica de morder sino también un tratamiento antibacteriano para prevenir el sarro.

Conclusión

Si eres como la mayoría de dueños, por falta de tiempo , es probable que no estés prestando la suficiente atención a la limpieza dental de tu perro. Por eso te animamos a que comiences a limpiar los dientes de tu perro y consideres atender a su higiene bucal con frecuencia.

Estas simples medidas pueden conllevar a que tu perro tenga una vida más larga y mucho más saludable.

Si te resulta imposible introducir un cepillo de dientes a tu perro en la boca, pásate con él por clínica Tus Veterinarios y te explicamos cómo hacerlo.

Necesitas hacer una limpieza dental profesional a tu mascota?
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