Current File : /var/www/html/maausk/libraries/classes/DatabaseInterface.php
<?php
/**
 * Main interface for database interactions
 */

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace PhpMyAdmin;

use PhpMyAdmin\ConfigStorage\Relation;
use PhpMyAdmin\Database\DatabaseList;
use PhpMyAdmin\Dbal\DatabaseName;
use PhpMyAdmin\Dbal\DbalInterface;
use PhpMyAdmin\Dbal\DbiExtension;
use PhpMyAdmin\Dbal\DbiMysqli;
use PhpMyAdmin\Dbal\ResultInterface;
use PhpMyAdmin\Dbal\Warning;
use PhpMyAdmin\Html\Generator;
use PhpMyAdmin\Query\Cache;
use PhpMyAdmin\Query\Compatibility;
use PhpMyAdmin\Query\Generator as QueryGenerator;
use PhpMyAdmin\Query\Utilities;
use PhpMyAdmin\SqlParser\Context;
use PhpMyAdmin\Utils\SessionCache;

use function __;
use function array_column;
use function array_diff;
use function array_keys;
use function array_map;
use function array_merge;
use function array_multisort;
use function array_reverse;
use function array_shift;
use function array_slice;
use function basename;
use function closelog;
use function count;
use function defined;
use function explode;
use function implode;
use function in_array;
use function is_array;
use function is_int;
use function is_string;
use function mb_strtolower;
use function microtime;
use function openlog;
use function reset;
use function sprintf;
use function str_contains;
use function str_starts_with;
use function stripos;
use function strlen;
use function strtolower;
use function strtoupper;
use function strtr;
use function substr;
use function syslog;
use function trigger_error;
use function uasort;
use function uksort;
use function usort;

use const E_USER_WARNING;
use const LOG_INFO;
use const LOG_NDELAY;
use const LOG_PID;
use const LOG_USER;
use const SORT_ASC;
use const SORT_DESC;

/**
 * Main interface for database interactions
 */
class DatabaseInterface implements DbalInterface
{
    /**
     * Force STORE_RESULT method, ignored by classic MySQL.
     */
    public const QUERY_BUFFERED = 0;
    /**
     * Do not read all rows immediately.
     */
    public const QUERY_UNBUFFERED = 2;
    /**
     * Get session variable.
     */
    public const GETVAR_SESSION = 1;
    /**
     * Get global variable.
     */
    public const GETVAR_GLOBAL = 2;

    /**
     * User connection.
     */
    public const CONNECT_USER = 0x100;
    /**
     * Control user connection.
     */
    public const CONNECT_CONTROL = 0x101;
    /**
     * Auxiliary connection.
     *
     * Used for example for replication setup.
     */
    public const CONNECT_AUXILIARY = 0x102;

    /** @var DbiExtension */
    private $extension;

    /**
     * Opened database links
     *
     * @var array
     */
    private $links;

    /** @var array Current user and host cache */
    private $currentUser;

    /** @var string|null lower_case_table_names value cache */
    private $lowerCaseTableNames = null;

    /** @var bool Whether connection is MariaDB */
    private $isMariaDb = false;
    /** @var bool Whether connection is Percona */
    private $isPercona = false;
    /** @var int Server version as number */
    private $versionInt = 55000;
    /** @var string Server version */
    private $versionString = '5.50.0';
    /** @var string Server version comment */
    private $versionComment = '';

    /** @var Types MySQL types data */
    public $types;

    /** @var Cache */
    private $cache;

    /** @var float */
    public $lastQueryExecutionTime = 0;

    /**
     * @param DbiExtension $ext Object to be used for database queries
     */
    public function __construct(DbiExtension $ext)
    {
        $this->extension = $ext;
        $this->links = [];
        if (defined('TESTSUITE')) {
            $this->links[self::CONNECT_USER] = 1;
            $this->links[self::CONNECT_CONTROL] = 2;
        }

        $this->currentUser = [];
        $this->cache = new Cache();
        $this->types = new Types($this);
    }

    /**
     * runs a query
     *
     * @param string $query               SQL query to execute
     * @param mixed  $link                optional database link to use
     * @param int    $options             optional query options
     * @param bool   $cache_affected_rows whether to cache affected rows
     */
    public function query(
        string $query,
        $link = self::CONNECT_USER,
        int $options = self::QUERY_BUFFERED,
        bool $cache_affected_rows = true
    ): ResultInterface {
        $result = $this->tryQuery($query, $link, $options, $cache_affected_rows);

        if (! $result) {
            // The following statement will exit
            Generator::mysqlDie($this->getError($link), $query);

            exit;
        }

        return $result;
    }

    public function getCache(): Cache
    {
        return $this->cache;
    }

    /**
     * runs a query and returns the result
     *
     * @param string $query               query to run
     * @param mixed  $link                link type
     * @param int    $options             if DatabaseInterface::QUERY_UNBUFFERED
     *                                    is provided, it will instruct the extension
     *                                    to use unbuffered mode
     * @param bool   $cache_affected_rows whether to cache affected row
     *
     * @return ResultInterface|false
     */
    public function tryQuery(
        string $query,
        $link = self::CONNECT_USER,
        int $options = self::QUERY_BUFFERED,
        bool $cache_affected_rows = true
    ) {
        $debug = isset($GLOBALS['cfg']['DBG']) && $GLOBALS['cfg']['DBG']['sql'];
        if (! isset($this->links[$link])) {
            return false;
        }

        $time = microtime(true);

        $result = $this->extension->realQuery($query, $this->links[$link], $options);

        if ($cache_affected_rows) {
            $GLOBALS['cached_affected_rows'] = $this->affectedRows($link, false);
        }

        $this->lastQueryExecutionTime = microtime(true) - $time;
        if ($debug) {
            $errorMessage = $this->getError($link);
            Utilities::debugLogQueryIntoSession(
                $query,
                $errorMessage !== '' ? $errorMessage : null,
                $result,
                $this->lastQueryExecutionTime
            );
            if ($GLOBALS['cfg']['DBG']['sqllog']) {
                $warningsCount = 0;
                if (isset($this->links[$link]->warning_count)) {
                    $warningsCount = $this->links[$link]->warning_count;
                }

                openlog('phpMyAdmin', LOG_NDELAY | LOG_PID, LOG_USER);

                syslog(
                    LOG_INFO,
                    sprintf(
                        'SQL[%s?route=%s]: %0.3f(W:%d,C:%s,L:0x%02X) > %s',
                        basename($_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME']),
                        Routing::getCurrentRoute(),
                        $this->lastQueryExecutionTime,
                        $warningsCount,
                        $cache_affected_rows ? 'y' : 'n',
                        $link,
                        $query
                    )
                );
                closelog();
            }
        }

        if ($result !== false && Tracker::isActive()) {
            Tracker::handleQuery($query);
        }

        return $result;
    }

    /**
     * Send multiple SQL queries to the database server and execute the first one
     *
     * @param string $multiQuery multi query statement to execute
     * @param int    $linkIndex  index of the opened database link
     */
    public function tryMultiQuery(
        string $multiQuery = '',
        $linkIndex = self::CONNECT_USER
    ): bool {
        if (! isset($this->links[$linkIndex])) {
            return false;
        }

        return $this->extension->realMultiQuery($this->links[$linkIndex], $multiQuery);
    }

    /**
     * Executes a query as controluser.
     * The result is always buffered and never cached
     *
     * @param string $sql the query to execute
     *
     * @return ResultInterface the result set
     */
    public function queryAsControlUser(string $sql): ResultInterface
    {
        // Avoid caching of the number of rows affected; for example, this function
        // is called for tracking purposes but we want to display the correct number
        // of rows affected by the original query, not by the query generated for
        // tracking.
        return $this->query($sql, self::CONNECT_CONTROL, self::QUERY_BUFFERED, false);
    }

    /**
     * Executes a query as controluser.
     * The result is always buffered and never cached
     *
     * @param string $sql the query to execute
     *
     * @return ResultInterface|false the result set, or false if the query failed
     */
    public function tryQueryAsControlUser(string $sql)
    {
        // Avoid caching of the number of rows affected; for example, this function
        // is called for tracking purposes but we want to display the correct number
        // of rows affected by the original query, not by the query generated for
        // tracking.
        return $this->tryQuery($sql, self::CONNECT_CONTROL, self::QUERY_BUFFERED, false);
    }

    /**
     * returns array with table names for given db
     *
     * @param string $database name of database
     * @param mixed  $link     mysql link resource|object
     *
     * @return array   tables names
     */
    public function getTables(string $database, $link = self::CONNECT_USER): array
    {
        if ($database === '') {
            return [];
        }

        $tables = $this->fetchResult(
            'SHOW TABLES FROM ' . Util::backquote($database) . ';',
            null,
            0,
            $link
        );
        if ($GLOBALS['cfg']['NaturalOrder']) {
            usort($tables, 'strnatcasecmp');
        }

        return $tables;
    }

    /**
     * returns array of all tables in given db or dbs
     * this function expects unquoted names:
     * RIGHT: my_database
     * WRONG: `my_database`
     * WRONG: my\_database
     * if $tbl_is_group is true, $table is used as filter for table names
     *
     * <code>
     * $dbi->getTablesFull('my_database');
     * $dbi->getTablesFull('my_database', 'my_table'));
     * $dbi->getTablesFull('my_database', 'my_tables_', true));
     * </code>
     *
     * @param string       $database     database
     * @param string|array $table        table name(s)
     * @param bool         $tbl_is_group $table is a table group
     * @param int          $limit_offset zero-based offset for the count
     * @param bool|int     $limit_count  number of tables to return
     * @param string       $sort_by      table attribute to sort by
     * @param string       $sort_order   direction to sort (ASC or DESC)
     * @param string|null  $table_type   whether table or view
     * @param mixed        $link         link type
     *
     * @return array           list of tables in given db(s)
     *
     * @todo    move into Table
     */
    public function getTablesFull(
        string $database,
        $table = '',
        bool $tbl_is_group = false,
        int $limit_offset = 0,
        $limit_count = false,
        string $sort_by = 'Name',
        string $sort_order = 'ASC',
        ?string $table_type = null,
        $link = self::CONNECT_USER
    ): array {
        if ($limit_count === true) {
            $limit_count = $GLOBALS['cfg']['MaxTableList'];
        }

        $tables = [];

        if (! $GLOBALS['cfg']['Server']['DisableIS']) {
            $sql_where_table = QueryGenerator::getTableCondition(
                is_array($table) ? array_map(
                    [
                        $this,
                        'escapeString',
                    ],
                    $table
                ) : $this->escapeString($table),
                $tbl_is_group,
                $table_type
            );

            // for PMA bc:
            // `SCHEMA_FIELD_NAME` AS `SHOW_TABLE_STATUS_FIELD_NAME`
            //
            // on non-Windows servers,
            // added BINARY in the WHERE clause to force a case sensitive
            // comparison (if we are looking for the db Aa we don't want
            // to find the db aa)

            $sql = QueryGenerator::getSqlForTablesFull([$this->escapeString($database)], $sql_where_table);

            // Sort the tables
            $sql .= ' ORDER BY ' . $sort_by . ' ' . $sort_order;

            if ($limit_count) {
                $sql .= ' LIMIT ' . $limit_count . ' OFFSET ' . $limit_offset;
            }

            $tables = $this->fetchResult(
                $sql,
                [
                    'TABLE_SCHEMA',
                    'TABLE_NAME',
                ],
                null,
                $link
            );

            // here, we check for Mroonga engine and compute the good data_length and index_length
            // in the StructureController only we need to sum the two values as the other engines
            foreach ($tables as $one_database_name => $one_database_tables) {
                foreach ($one_database_tables as $one_table_name => $one_table_data) {
                    if ($one_table_data['Engine'] !== 'Mroonga') {
                        continue;
                    }

                    if (! StorageEngine::hasMroongaEngine()) {
                        continue;
                    }

                    [
                        $tables[$one_database_name][$one_table_name]['Data_length'],
                        $tables[$one_database_name][$one_table_name]['Index_length'],
                    ] = StorageEngine::getMroongaLengths($one_database_name, $one_table_name);
                }
            }

            if ($sort_by === 'Name' && $GLOBALS['cfg']['NaturalOrder']) {
                // here, the array's first key is by schema name
                foreach ($tables as $one_database_name => $one_database_tables) {
                    uksort($one_database_tables, 'strnatcasecmp');

                    if ($sort_order === 'DESC') {
                        $one_database_tables = array_reverse($one_database_tables);
                    }

                    $tables[$one_database_name] = $one_database_tables;
                }
            } elseif ($sort_by === 'Data_length') {
                // Size = Data_length + Index_length
                foreach ($tables as $one_database_name => $one_database_tables) {
                    uasort(
                        $one_database_tables,
                        /**
                         * @param array $a
                         * @param array $b
                         */
                        static function ($a, $b) {
                            $aLength = $a['Data_length'] + $a['Index_length'];
                            $bLength = $b['Data_length'] + $b['Index_length'];

                            return $aLength <=> $bLength;
                        }
                    );

                    if ($sort_order === 'DESC') {
                        $one_database_tables = array_reverse($one_database_tables);
                    }

                    $tables[$one_database_name] = $one_database_tables;
                }
            }
        }

        // If permissions are wrong on even one database directory,
        // information_schema does not return any table info for any database
        // this is why we fall back to SHOW TABLE STATUS even for MySQL >= 50002
        if ($tables === []) {
            $sql = 'SHOW TABLE STATUS FROM ' . Util::backquote($database);
            if ($table || ($tbl_is_group === true) || $table_type) {
                $sql .= ' WHERE';
                $needAnd = false;
                if ($table || ($tbl_is_group === true)) {
                    if (is_array($table)) {
                        $sql .= ' `Name` IN (\''
                            . implode(
                                '\', \'',
                                array_map(
                                    [
                                        $this,
                                        'escapeString',
                                    ],
                                    $table,
                                    $link
                                )
                            ) . '\')';
                    } else {
                        $sql .= " `Name` LIKE '"
                            . $this->escapeMysqlLikeString($table, $link)
                            . "%'";
                    }

                    $needAnd = true;
                }

                if ($table_type) {
                    if ($needAnd) {
                        $sql .= ' AND';
                    }

                    if ($table_type === 'view') {
                        $sql .= " `Comment` = 'VIEW'";
                    } elseif ($table_type === 'table') {
                        $sql .= " `Comment` != 'VIEW'";
                    }
                }
            }

            $each_tables = $this->fetchResult($sql, 'Name', null, $link);

            // here, we check for Mroonga engine and compute the good data_length and index_length
            // in the StructureController only we need to sum the two values as the other engines
            foreach ($each_tables as $table_name => $table_data) {
                if ($table_data['Engine'] !== 'Mroonga') {
                    continue;
                }

                if (! StorageEngine::hasMroongaEngine()) {
                    continue;
                }

                [
                    $each_tables[$table_name]['Data_length'],
                    $each_tables[$table_name]['Index_length'],
                ] = StorageEngine::getMroongaLengths($database, $table_name);
            }

            // Sort naturally if the config allows it and we're sorting
            // the Name column.
            if ($sort_by === 'Name' && $GLOBALS['cfg']['NaturalOrder']) {
                uksort($each_tables, 'strnatcasecmp');

                if ($sort_order === 'DESC') {
                    $each_tables = array_reverse($each_tables);
                }
            } else {
                // Prepare to sort by creating array of the selected sort
                // value to pass to array_multisort

                // Size = Data_length + Index_length
                $sortValues = [];
                if ($sort_by === 'Data_length') {
                    foreach ($each_tables as $table_name => $table_data) {
                        $sortValues[$table_name] = strtolower(
                            (string) ($table_data['Data_length']
                            + $table_data['Index_length'])
                        );
                    }
                } else {
                    foreach ($each_tables as $table_name => $table_data) {
                        $sortValues[$table_name] = strtolower($table_data[$sort_by] ?? '');
                    }
                }

                if ($sortValues) {
                    if ($sort_order === 'DESC') {
                        array_multisort($sortValues, SORT_DESC, $each_tables);
                    } else {
                        array_multisort($sortValues, SORT_ASC, $each_tables);
                    }
                }

                // cleanup the temporary sort array
                unset($sortValues);
            }

            if ($limit_count) {
                $each_tables = array_slice($each_tables, $limit_offset, $limit_count);
            }

            $tables[$database] = Compatibility::getISCompatForGetTablesFull($each_tables, $database);
        }

        // cache table data
        // so Table does not require to issue SHOW TABLE STATUS again
        $this->cache->cacheTableData($tables, $table);

        if (isset($tables[$database])) {
            return $tables[$database];
        }

        if (isset($tables[mb_strtolower($database)])) {
            // on windows with lower_case_table_names = 1
            // MySQL returns
            // with SHOW DATABASES or information_schema.SCHEMATA: `Test`
            // but information_schema.TABLES gives `test`
            // see https://github.com/phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin/issues/8402
            return $tables[mb_strtolower($database)];
        }

        return $tables;
    }

    /**
     * Get VIEWs in a particular database
     *
     * @param string $db Database name to look in
     *
     * @return Table[] Set of VIEWs inside the database
     */
    public function getVirtualTables(string $db): array
    {
        $tables_full = array_keys($this->getTablesFull($db));
        $views = [];

        foreach ($tables_full as $table) {
            $table = $this->getTable($db, (string) $table);
            if (! $table->isView()) {
                continue;
            }

            $views[] = $table;
        }

        return $views;
    }

    /**
     * returns array with databases containing extended infos about them
     *
     * @param string|null $database     database
     * @param bool        $force_stats  retrieve stats also for MySQL < 5
     * @param int         $link         link type
     * @param string      $sort_by      column to order by
     * @param string      $sort_order   ASC or DESC
     * @param int         $limit_offset starting offset for LIMIT
     * @param bool|int    $limit_count  row count for LIMIT or true
     *                                  for $GLOBALS['cfg']['MaxDbList']
     *
     * @return array
     *
     * @todo    move into ListDatabase?
     */
    public function getDatabasesFull(
        ?string $database = null,
        bool $force_stats = false,
        $link = self::CONNECT_USER,
        string $sort_by = 'SCHEMA_NAME',
        string $sort_order = 'ASC',
        int $limit_offset = 0,
        $limit_count = false
    ): array {
        $sort_order = strtoupper($sort_order);

        if ($limit_count === true) {
            $limit_count = $GLOBALS['cfg']['MaxDbList'];
        }

        $apply_limit_and_order_manual = true;

        if (! $GLOBALS['cfg']['Server']['DisableIS']) {
            /**
             * if $GLOBALS['cfg']['NaturalOrder'] is enabled, we cannot use LIMIT
             * cause MySQL does not support natural ordering,
             * we have to do it afterward
             */
            $limit = '';
            if (! $GLOBALS['cfg']['NaturalOrder']) {
                if ($limit_count) {
                    $limit = ' LIMIT ' . $limit_count . ' OFFSET ' . $limit_offset;
                }

                $apply_limit_and_order_manual = false;
            }

            // get table information from information_schema
            $sqlWhereSchema = '';
            if ($database !== null) {
                $sqlWhereSchema = 'WHERE `SCHEMA_NAME` LIKE \''
                    . $this->escapeString($database, $link) . '\'';
            }

            $sql = QueryGenerator::getInformationSchemaDatabasesFullRequest(
                $force_stats,
                $sqlWhereSchema,
                $sort_by,
                $sort_order,
                $limit
            );

            $databases = $this->fetchResult($sql, 'SCHEMA_NAME', null, $link);

            $mysql_error = $this->getError($link);
            if (! count($databases) && isset($GLOBALS['errno'])) {
                Generator::mysqlDie($mysql_error, $sql);
            }

            // display only databases also in official database list
            // f.e. to apply hide_db and only_db
            $drops = array_diff(
                array_keys($databases),
                (array) $GLOBALS['dblist']->databases
            );
            foreach ($drops as $drop) {
                unset($databases[$drop]);
            }
        } else {
            $databases = [];
            foreach ($GLOBALS['dblist']->databases as $database_name) {
                // Compatibility with INFORMATION_SCHEMA output
                $databases[$database_name]['SCHEMA_NAME'] = $database_name;

                $databases[$database_name]['DEFAULT_COLLATION_NAME'] = $this->getDbCollation($database_name);

                if (! $force_stats) {
                    continue;
                }

                // get additional info about tables
                $databases[$database_name]['SCHEMA_TABLES'] = 0;
                $databases[$database_name]['SCHEMA_TABLE_ROWS'] = 0;
                $databases[$database_name]['SCHEMA_DATA_LENGTH'] = 0;
                $databases[$database_name]['SCHEMA_MAX_DATA_LENGTH'] = 0;
                $databases[$database_name]['SCHEMA_INDEX_LENGTH'] = 0;
                $databases[$database_name]['SCHEMA_LENGTH'] = 0;
                $databases[$database_name]['SCHEMA_DATA_FREE'] = 0;

                $res = $this->query(
                    'SHOW TABLE STATUS FROM '
                    . Util::backquote($database_name) . ';'
                );

                while ($row = $res->fetchAssoc()) {
                    $databases[$database_name]['SCHEMA_TABLES']++;
                    $databases[$database_name]['SCHEMA_TABLE_ROWS'] += $row['Rows'];
                    $databases[$database_name]['SCHEMA_DATA_LENGTH'] += $row['Data_length'];
                    $databases[$database_name]['SCHEMA_MAX_DATA_LENGTH'] += $row['Max_data_length'];
                    $databases[$database_name]['SCHEMA_INDEX_LENGTH'] += $row['Index_length'];

                    // for InnoDB, this does not contain the number of
                    // overhead bytes but the total free space
                    if ($row['Engine'] !== 'InnoDB') {
                        $databases[$database_name]['SCHEMA_DATA_FREE'] += $row['Data_free'];
                    }

                    $databases[$database_name]['SCHEMA_LENGTH'] += $row['Data_length'] + $row['Index_length'];
                }

                unset($res);
            }
        }

        /**
         * apply limit and order manually now
         * (caused by older MySQL < 5 or $GLOBALS['cfg']['NaturalOrder'])
         */
        if ($apply_limit_and_order_manual) {
            usort(
                $databases,
                static function ($a, $b) use ($sort_by, $sort_order) {
                    return Utilities::usortComparisonCallback($a, $b, $sort_by, $sort_order);
                }
            );

            /**
             * now apply limit
             */
            if ($limit_count) {
                $databases = array_slice($databases, $limit_offset, $limit_count);
            }
        }

        return $databases;
    }

    /**
     * returns detailed array with all columns for sql
     *
     * @param string $sql_query    target SQL query to get columns
     * @param array  $view_columns alias for columns
     *
     * @return array
     * @psalm-return list<array<string, mixed>>
     */
    public function getColumnMapFromSql(string $sql_query, array $view_columns = []): array
    {
        $result = $this->tryQuery($sql_query);

        if ($result === false) {
            return [];
        }

        $meta = $this->getFieldsMeta($result);

        $column_map = [];
        $nbColumns = count($view_columns);

        foreach ($meta as $i => $field) {
            $map = [
                'table_name' => $field->table,
                'refering_column' => $field->name,
            ];

            if ($nbColumns >= $i) {
                $map['real_column'] = $view_columns[$i];
            }

            $column_map[] = $map;
        }

        return $column_map;
    }

    /**
     * returns detailed array with all columns for given table in database,
     * or all tables/databases
     *
     * @param string|null $database name of database
     * @param string|null $table    name of table to retrieve columns from
     * @param string|null $column   name of specific column
     * @param mixed       $link     mysql link resource
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function getColumnsFull(
        ?string $database = null,
        ?string $table = null,
        ?string $column = null,
        $link = self::CONNECT_USER
    ): array {
        if (! $GLOBALS['cfg']['Server']['DisableIS']) {
            [$sql, $arrayKeys] = QueryGenerator::getInformationSchemaColumnsFullRequest(
                $database !== null ? $this->escapeString($database, $link) : null,
                $table !== null ? $this->escapeString($table, $link) : null,
                $column !== null ? $this->escapeString($column, $link) : null
            );

            return $this->fetchResult($sql, $arrayKeys, null, $link);
        }

        $columns = [];
        if ($database === null) {
            foreach ($GLOBALS['dblist']->databases as $database) {
                $columns[$database] = $this->getColumnsFull($database, null, null, $link);
            }

            return $columns;
        }

        if ($table === null) {
            $tables = $this->getTables($database);
            foreach ($tables as $table) {
                $columns[$table] = $this->getColumnsFull($database, $table, null, $link);
            }

            return $columns;
        }

        $sql = 'SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM '
            . Util::backquote($database) . '.' . Util::backquote($table);
        if ($column !== null) {
            $sql .= " LIKE '" . $this->escapeString($column, $link) . "'";
        }

        $columns = $this->fetchResult($sql, 'Field', null, $link);

        $columns = Compatibility::getISCompatForGetColumnsFull($columns, $database, $table);

        if ($column !== null) {
            return reset($columns);
        }

        return $columns;
    }

    /**
     * Returns description of a $column in given table
     *
     * @param string $database name of database
     * @param string $table    name of table to retrieve columns from
     * @param string $column   name of column
     * @param bool   $full     whether to return full info or only column names
     * @param int    $link     link type
     *
     * @return array flat array description
     */
    public function getColumn(
        string $database,
        string $table,
        string $column,
        bool $full = false,
        $link = self::CONNECT_USER
    ): array {
        $sql = QueryGenerator::getColumnsSql(
            $database,
            $table,
            $this->escapeMysqlLikeString($column),
            $full
        );
        /** @var array<string, array> $fields */
        $fields = $this->fetchResult($sql, 'Field', null, $link);

        $columns = $this->attachIndexInfoToColumns($database, $table, $fields);

        return array_shift($columns) ?? [];
    }

    /**
     * Returns descriptions of columns in given table
     *
     * @param string $database name of database
     * @param string $table    name of table to retrieve columns from
     * @param bool   $full     whether to return full info or only column names
     * @param int    $link     link type
     *
     * @return array<string, array> array indexed by column names
     */
    public function getColumns(
        string $database,
        string $table,
        bool $full = false,
        $link = self::CONNECT_USER
    ): array {
        $sql = QueryGenerator::getColumnsSql(
            $database,
            $table,
            null,
            $full
        );
        /** @var array<string, array> $fields */
        $fields = $this->fetchResult($sql, 'Field', null, $link);

        return $this->attachIndexInfoToColumns($database, $table, $fields);
    }

    /**
     * Attach index information to the column definition
     *
     * @param string               $database name of database
     * @param string               $table    name of table to retrieve columns from
     * @param array<string, array> $fields   column array indexed by their names
     *
     * @return array<string, array> Column defintions with index information
     */
    private function attachIndexInfoToColumns(
        string $database,
        string $table,
        array $fields
    ): array {
        if (! $fields) {
            return [];
        }

        // Check if column is a part of multiple-column index and set its 'Key'.
        $indexes = Index::getFromTable($table, $database);
        foreach ($fields as $field => $field_data) {
            if (! empty($field_data['Key'])) {
                continue;
            }

            foreach ($indexes as $index) {
                if (! $index->hasColumn($field)) {
                    continue;
                }

                $index_columns = $index->getColumns();
                if ($index_columns[$field]->getSeqInIndex() <= 1) {
                    continue;
                }

                if ($index->isUnique()) {
                    $fields[$field]['Key'] = 'UNI';
                } else {
                    $fields[$field]['Key'] = 'MUL';
                }
            }
        }

        return $fields;
    }

    /**
     * Returns all column names in given table
     *
     * @param string $database name of database
     * @param string $table    name of table to retrieve columns from
     * @param mixed  $link     mysql link resource
     *
     * @return string[]
     */
    public function getColumnNames(
        string $database,
        string $table,
        $link = self::CONNECT_USER
    ): array {
        $sql = QueryGenerator::getColumnsSql($database, $table);

        // We only need the 'Field' column which contains the table's column names
        return $this->fetchResult($sql, null, 'Field', $link);
    }

    /**
     * Returns indexes of a table
     *
     * @param string $database name of database
     * @param string $table    name of the table whose indexes are to be retrieved
     * @param mixed  $link     mysql link resource
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function getTableIndexes(
        string $database,
        string $table,
        $link = self::CONNECT_USER
    ): array {
        $sql = QueryGenerator::getTableIndexesSql($database, $table);

        return $this->fetchResult($sql, null, null, $link);
    }

    /**
     * returns value of given mysql server variable
     *
     * @param string $var  mysql server variable name
     * @param int    $type DatabaseInterface::GETVAR_SESSION |
     *                     DatabaseInterface::GETVAR_GLOBAL
     * @param int    $link mysql link resource|object
     *
     * @return false|string|null value for mysql server variable
     */
    public function getVariable(
        string $var,
        int $type = self::GETVAR_SESSION,
        $link = self::CONNECT_USER
    ) {
        switch ($type) {
            case self::GETVAR_SESSION:
                $modifier = ' SESSION';
                break;
            case self::GETVAR_GLOBAL:
                $modifier = ' GLOBAL';
                break;
            default:
                $modifier = '';
        }

        return $this->fetchValue('SHOW' . $modifier . ' VARIABLES LIKE \'' . $var . '\';', 1, $link);
    }

    /**
     * Sets new value for a variable if it is different from the current value
     *
     * @param string $var   variable name
     * @param string $value value to set
     * @param int    $link  mysql link resource|object
     */
    public function setVariable(
        string $var,
        string $value,
        $link = self::CONNECT_USER
    ): bool {
        $current_value = $this->getVariable($var, self::GETVAR_SESSION, $link);
        if ($current_value == $value) {
            return true;
        }

        return (bool) $this->query('SET ' . $var . ' = ' . $value . ';', $link);
    }

    /**
     * Function called just after a connection to the MySQL database server has
     * been established. It sets the connection collation, and determines the
     * version of MySQL which is running.
     */
    public function postConnect(): void
    {
        $version = $this->fetchSingleRow('SELECT @@version, @@version_comment');

        if (is_array($version)) {
            $this->setVersion($version);
        }

        if ($this->versionInt > 50503) {
            $default_charset = 'utf8mb4';
            $default_collation = 'utf8mb4_general_ci';
        } else {
            $default_charset = 'utf8';
            $default_collation = 'utf8_general_ci';
        }

        $GLOBALS['collation_connection'] = $default_collation;
        $GLOBALS['charset_connection'] = $default_charset;
        $this->query(sprintf('SET NAMES \'%s\' COLLATE \'%s\';', $default_charset, $default_collation));

        /* Locale for messages */
        $locale = LanguageManager::getInstance()->getCurrentLanguage()->getMySQLLocale();
        if ($locale) {
            $this->query("SET lc_messages = '" . $locale . "';");
        }

        // Set timezone for the session, if required.
        if ($GLOBALS['cfg']['Server']['SessionTimeZone'] != '') {
            $sql_query_tz = 'SET ' . Util::backquote('time_zone') . ' = '
                . '\''
                . $this->escapeString($GLOBALS['cfg']['Server']['SessionTimeZone'])
                . '\'';

            if (! $this->tryQuery($sql_query_tz)) {
                $error_message_tz = sprintf(
                    __(
                        'Unable to use timezone "%1$s" for server %2$d. '
                        . 'Please check your configuration setting for '
                        . '[em]$cfg[\'Servers\'][%3$d][\'SessionTimeZone\'][/em]. '
                        . 'phpMyAdmin is currently using the default time zone '
                        . 'of the database server.'
                    ),
                    $GLOBALS['cfg']['Server']['SessionTimeZone'],
                    $GLOBALS['server'],
                    $GLOBALS['server']
                );

                trigger_error($error_message_tz, E_USER_WARNING);
            }
        }

        /* Loads closest context to this version. */
        Context::loadClosest(($this->isMariaDb ? 'MariaDb' : 'MySql') . $this->versionInt);

        /**
         * the DatabaseList class as a stub for the ListDatabase class
         */
        $GLOBALS['dblist'] = new DatabaseList();
    }

    /**
     * Sets collation connection for user link
     *
     * @param string $collation collation to set
     */
    public function setCollation(string $collation): void
    {
        $charset = $GLOBALS['charset_connection'];
        /* Automatically adjust collation if not supported by server */
        if ($charset === 'utf8' && str_starts_with($collation, 'utf8mb4_')) {
            $collation = 'utf8_' . substr($collation, 8);
        }

        $result = $this->tryQuery(
            "SET collation_connection = '"
            . $this->escapeString($collation)
            . "';"
        );

        if ($result === false) {
            trigger_error(
                __('Failed to set configured collation connection!'),
                E_USER_WARNING
            );

            return;
        }

        $GLOBALS['collation_connection'] = $collation;
    }

    /**
     * Function called just after a connection to the MySQL database server has
     * been established. It sets the connection collation, and determines the
     * version of MySQL which is running.
     */
    public function postConnectControl(Relation $relation): void
    {
        // If Zero configuration mode enabled, check PMA tables in current db.
        if ($GLOBALS['cfg']['ZeroConf'] != true) {
            return;
        }

        /**
         * the DatabaseList class as a stub for the ListDatabase class
         */
        $GLOBALS['dblist'] = new DatabaseList();

        $relation->initRelationParamsCache();
    }

    /**
     * returns a single value from the given result or query,
     * if the query or the result has more than one row or field
     * the first field of the first row is returned
     *
     * <code>
     * $sql = 'SELECT `name` FROM `user` WHERE `id` = 123';
     * $user_name = $dbi->fetchValue($sql);
     * // produces
     * // $user_name = 'John Doe'
     * </code>
     *
     * @param string     $query The query to execute
     * @param int|string $field field to fetch the value from,
     *                          starting at 0, with 0 being default
     * @param int        $link  link type
     *
     * @return string|false|null value of first field in first row from result or false if not found
     */
    public function fetchValue(
        string $query,
        $field = 0,
        $link = self::CONNECT_USER
    ) {
        $result = $this->tryQuery($query, $link, self::QUERY_BUFFERED, false);
        if ($result === false) {
            return false;
        }

        return $result->fetchValue($field);
    }

    /**
     * Returns only the first row from the result or null if result is empty.
     *
     * <code>
     * $sql = 'SELECT * FROM `user` WHERE `id` = 123';
     * $user = $dbi->fetchSingleRow($sql);
     * // produces
     * // $user = array('id' => 123, 'name' => 'John Doe')
     * </code>
     *
     * @param string $query The query to execute
     * @param string $type  NUM|ASSOC|BOTH returned array should either numeric
     *                      associative or both
     * @param int    $link  link type
     * @psalm-param  DatabaseInterface::FETCH_NUM|DatabaseInterface::FETCH_ASSOC $type
     */
    public function fetchSingleRow(
        string $query,
        string $type = DbalInterface::FETCH_ASSOC,
        $link = self::CONNECT_USER
    ): ?array {
        $result = $this->tryQuery($query, $link, self::QUERY_BUFFERED, false);
        if ($result === false) {
            return null;
        }

        return $this->fetchByMode($result, $type) ?: null;
    }

    /**
     * Returns row or element of a row
     *
     * @param array|string    $row   Row to process
     * @param string|int|null $value Which column to return
     *
     * @return mixed
     */
    private function fetchValueOrValueByIndex($row, $value)
    {
        return $value === null ? $row : $row[$value];
    }

    /**
     * returns array of rows with numeric or associative keys
     *
     * @param ResultInterface $result result set identifier
     * @param string          $mode   either self::FETCH_NUM, self::FETCH_ASSOC or self::FETCH_BOTH
     * @psalm-param self::FETCH_NUM|self::FETCH_ASSOC $mode
     */
    private function fetchByMode(ResultInterface $result, string $mode): array
    {
        if ($mode === self::FETCH_NUM) {
            return $result->fetchRow();
        }

        return $result->fetchAssoc();
    }

    /**
     * returns all rows in the resultset in one array
     *
     * <code>
     * $sql = 'SELECT * FROM `user`';
     * $users = $dbi->fetchResult($sql);
     * // produces
     * // $users[] = array('id' => 123, 'name' => 'John Doe')
     *
     * $sql = 'SELECT `id`, `name` FROM `user`';
     * $users = $dbi->fetchResult($sql, 'id');
     * // produces
     * // $users['123'] = array('id' => 123, 'name' => 'John Doe')
     *
     * $sql = 'SELECT `id`, `name` FROM `user`';
     * $users = $dbi->fetchResult($sql, 0);
     * // produces
     * // $users['123'] = array(0 => 123, 1 => 'John Doe')
     *
     * $sql = 'SELECT `id`, `name` FROM `user`';
     * $users = $dbi->fetchResult($sql, 'id', 'name');
     * // or
     * $users = $dbi->fetchResult($sql, 0, 1);
     * // produces
     * // $users['123'] = 'John Doe'
     *
     * $sql = 'SELECT `name` FROM `user`';
     * $users = $dbi->fetchResult($sql);
     * // produces
     * // $users[] = 'John Doe'
     *
     * $sql = 'SELECT `group`, `name` FROM `user`'
     * $users = $dbi->fetchResult($sql, array('group', null), 'name');
     * // produces
     * // $users['admin'][] = 'John Doe'
     *
     * $sql = 'SELECT `group`, `name` FROM `user`'
     * $users = $dbi->fetchResult($sql, array('group', 'name'), 'id');
     * // produces
     * // $users['admin']['John Doe'] = '123'
     * </code>
     *
     * @param string                $query query to execute
     * @param string|int|array|null $key   field-name or offset
     *                                     used as key for array
     *                                     or array of those
     * @param string|int|null       $value value-name or offset
     *                                     used as value for array
     * @param int                   $link  link type
     *
     * @return array resultrows or values indexed by $key
     */
    public function fetchResult(
        string $query,
        $key = null,
        $value = null,
        $link = self::CONNECT_USER
    ): array {
        $resultrows = [];

        $result = $this->tryQuery($query, $link, self::QUERY_BUFFERED, false);

        // return empty array if result is empty or false
        if ($result === false) {
            return $resultrows;
        }

        $fetch_function = self::FETCH_ASSOC;

        if ($key === null) {
            // no nested array if only one field is in result
            if ($result->numFields() === 1) {
                $value = 0;
                $fetch_function = self::FETCH_NUM;
            }

            while ($row = $this->fetchByMode($result, $fetch_function)) {
                $resultrows[] = $this->fetchValueOrValueByIndex($row, $value);
            }
        } elseif (is_array($key)) {
            while ($row = $this->fetchByMode($result, $fetch_function)) {
                $result_target =& $resultrows;
                foreach ($key as $key_index) {
                    if ($key_index === null) {
                        $result_target =& $result_target[];
                        continue;
                    }

                    if (! isset($result_target[$row[$key_index]])) {
                        $result_target[$row[$key_index]] = [];
                    }

                    $result_target =& $result_target[$row[$key_index]];
                }

                $result_target = $this->fetchValueOrValueByIndex($row, $value);
            }
        } else {
            // if $key is an integer use non associative mysql fetch function
            if (is_int($key)) {
                $fetch_function = self::FETCH_NUM;
            }

            while ($row = $this->fetchByMode($result, $fetch_function)) {
                $resultrows[$row[$key]] = $this->fetchValueOrValueByIndex($row, $value);
            }
        }

        return $resultrows;
    }

    /**
     * Get supported SQL compatibility modes
     *
     * @return array supported SQL compatibility modes
     */
    public function getCompatibilities(): array
    {
        return [
            'NONE',
            'ANSI',
            'DB2',
            'MAXDB',
            'MYSQL323',
            'MYSQL40',
            'MSSQL',
            'ORACLE',
            // removed; in MySQL 5.0.33, this produces exports that
            // can't be read by POSTGRESQL (see our bug #1596328)
            // 'POSTGRESQL',
            'TRADITIONAL',
        ];
    }

    /**
     * returns warnings for last query
     *
     * @param int $link link type
     *
     * @return Warning[] warnings
     */
    public function getWarnings($link = self::CONNECT_USER): array
    {
        $result = $this->tryQuery('SHOW WARNINGS', $link, 0, false);
        if ($result === false) {
            return [];
        }

        $warnings = [];
        while ($row = $result->fetchAssoc()) {
            $warnings[] = Warning::fromArray($row);
        }

        return $warnings;
    }

    /**
     * returns an array of PROCEDURE or FUNCTION names for a db
     *
     * @param string $db    db name
     * @param string $which PROCEDURE | FUNCTION
     * @param int    $link  link type
     *
     * @return array the procedure names or function names
     */
    public function getProceduresOrFunctions(
        string $db,
        string $which,
        $link = self::CONNECT_USER
    ): array {
        $shows = $this->fetchResult('SHOW ' . $which . ' STATUS;', null, null, $link);
        $result = [];
        foreach ($shows as $one_show) {
            if ($one_show['Db'] != $db || $one_show['Type'] != $which) {
                continue;
            }

            $result[] = $one_show['Name'];
        }

        return $result;
    }

    /**
     * returns the definition of a specific PROCEDURE, FUNCTION, EVENT or VIEW
     *
     * @param string $db    db name
     * @param string $which PROCEDURE | FUNCTION | EVENT | VIEW
     * @param string $name  the procedure|function|event|view name
     * @param int    $link  link type
     *
     * @return string|null the definition
     */
    public function getDefinition(
        string $db,
        string $which,
        string $name,
        $link = self::CONNECT_USER
    ): ?string {
        $returned_field = [
            'PROCEDURE' => 'Create Procedure',
            'FUNCTION' => 'Create Function',
            'EVENT' => 'Create Event',
            'VIEW' => 'Create View',
        ];
        $query = 'SHOW CREATE ' . $which . ' '
            . Util::backquote($db) . '.'
            . Util::backquote($name);
        $result = $this->fetchValue($query, $returned_field[$which], $link);

        return is_string($result) ? $result : null;
    }

    /**
     * returns details about the PROCEDUREs or FUNCTIONs for a specific database
     * or details about a specific routine
     *
     * @param string      $db    db name
     * @param string|null $which PROCEDURE | FUNCTION or null for both
     * @param string      $name  name of the routine (to fetch a specific routine)
     *
     * @return array information about PROCEDUREs or FUNCTIONs
     */
    public function getRoutines(
        string $db,
        ?string $which = null,
        string $name = ''
    ): array {
        if (! $GLOBALS['cfg']['Server']['DisableIS']) {
            $query = QueryGenerator::getInformationSchemaRoutinesRequest(
                $this->escapeString($db),
                isset($which) && in_array($which, ['FUNCTION', 'PROCEDURE']) ? $which : null,
                empty($name) ? null : $this->escapeString($name)
            );
            $routines = $this->fetchResult($query);
        } else {
            $routines = [];

            if ($which === 'FUNCTION' || $which == null) {
                $query = 'SHOW FUNCTION STATUS'
                    . " WHERE `Db` = '" . $this->escapeString($db) . "'";
                if ($name) {
                    $query .= " AND `Name` = '"
                        . $this->escapeString($name) . "'";
                }

                $routines = $this->fetchResult($query);
            }

            if ($which === 'PROCEDURE' || $which == null) {
                $query = 'SHOW PROCEDURE STATUS'
                    . " WHERE `Db` = '" . $this->escapeString($db) . "'";
                if ($name) {
                    $query .= " AND `Name` = '"
                        . $this->escapeString($name) . "'";
                }

                $routines = array_merge($routines, $this->fetchResult($query));
            }
        }

        $ret = [];
        foreach ($routines as $routine) {
            $ret[] = [
                'db' => $routine['Db'],
                'name' => $routine['Name'],
                'type' => $routine['Type'],
                'definer' => $routine['Definer'],
                'returns' => $routine['DTD_IDENTIFIER'] ?? '',
            ];
        }

        // Sort results by name
        $name = array_column($ret, 'name');
        array_multisort($name, SORT_ASC, $ret);

        return $ret;
    }

    /**
     * returns details about the EVENTs for a specific database
     *
     * @param string $db   db name
     * @param string $name event name
     *
     * @return array information about EVENTs
     */
    public function getEvents(string $db, string $name = ''): array
    {
        if (! $GLOBALS['cfg']['Server']['DisableIS']) {
            $query = QueryGenerator::getInformationSchemaEventsRequest(
                $this->escapeString($db),
                empty($name) ? null : $this->escapeString($name)
            );
        } else {
            $query = 'SHOW EVENTS FROM ' . Util::backquote($db);
            if ($name) {
                $query .= " WHERE `Name` = '"
                    . $this->escapeString($name) . "'";
            }
        }

        $result = [];
        $events = $this->fetchResult($query);

        foreach ($events as $event) {
            $result[] = [
                'name' => $event['Name'],
                'type' => $event['Type'],
                'status' => $event['Status'],
            ];
        }

        // Sort results by name
        $name = array_column($result, 'name');
        array_multisort($name, SORT_ASC, $result);

        return $result;
    }

    /**
     * returns details about the TRIGGERs for a specific table or database
     *
     * @param string $db        db name
     * @param string $table     table name
     * @param string $delimiter the delimiter to use (may be empty)
     *
     * @return array information about triggers (may be empty)
     */
    public function getTriggers(string $db, string $table = '', string $delimiter = '//'): array
    {
        $result = [];
        if (! $GLOBALS['cfg']['Server']['DisableIS']) {
            $query = QueryGenerator::getInformationSchemaTriggersRequest(
                $this->escapeString($db),
                empty($table) ? null : $this->escapeString($table)
            );
        } else {
            $query = 'SHOW TRIGGERS FROM ' . Util::backquote($db);
            if ($table) {
                $query .= " LIKE '" . $this->escapeString($table) . "';";
            }
        }

        $triggers = $this->fetchResult($query);

        foreach ($triggers as $trigger) {
            if ($GLOBALS['cfg']['Server']['DisableIS']) {
                $trigger['TRIGGER_NAME'] = $trigger['Trigger'];
                $trigger['ACTION_TIMING'] = $trigger['Timing'];
                $trigger['EVENT_MANIPULATION'] = $trigger['Event'];
                $trigger['EVENT_OBJECT_TABLE'] = $trigger['Table'];
                $trigger['ACTION_STATEMENT'] = $trigger['Statement'];
                $trigger['DEFINER'] = $trigger['Definer'];
            }

            $one_result = [];
            $one_result['name'] = $trigger['TRIGGER_NAME'];
            $one_result['table'] = $trigger['EVENT_OBJECT_TABLE'];
            $one_result['action_timing'] = $trigger['ACTION_TIMING'];
            $one_result['event_manipulation'] = $trigger['EVENT_MANIPULATION'];
            $one_result['definition'] = $trigger['ACTION_STATEMENT'];
            $one_result['definer'] = $trigger['DEFINER'];

            // do not prepend the schema name; this way, importing the
            // definition into another schema will work
            $one_result['full_trigger_name'] = Util::backquote($trigger['TRIGGER_NAME']);
            $one_result['drop'] = 'DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS '
                . $one_result['full_trigger_name'];
            $one_result['create'] = 'CREATE TRIGGER '
                . $one_result['full_trigger_name'] . ' '
                . $trigger['ACTION_TIMING'] . ' '
                . $trigger['EVENT_MANIPULATION']
                . ' ON ' . Util::backquote($trigger['EVENT_OBJECT_TABLE'])
                . "\n" . ' FOR EACH ROW '
                . $trigger['ACTION_STATEMENT'] . "\n" . $delimiter . "\n";

            $result[] = $one_result;
        }

        // Sort results by name
        $name = array_column($result, 'name');
        array_multisort($name, SORT_ASC, $result);

        return $result;
    }

    /**
     * gets the current user with host
     *
     * @return string the current user i.e. user@host
     */
    public function getCurrentUser(): string
    {
        if (SessionCache::has('mysql_cur_user')) {
            return SessionCache::get('mysql_cur_user');
        }

        $user = $this->fetchValue('SELECT CURRENT_USER();');
        if ($user !== false) {
            SessionCache::set('mysql_cur_user', $user);

            return $user;
        }

        return '@';
    }

    public function isSuperUser(): bool
    {
        if (SessionCache::has('is_superuser')) {
            return (bool) SessionCache::get('is_superuser');
        }

        if (! $this->isConnected()) {
            return false;
        }

        $result = $this->tryQuery('SELECT 1 FROM mysql.user LIMIT 1');
        $isSuperUser = false;

        if ($result) {
            $isSuperUser = (bool) $result->numRows();
        }

        SessionCache::set('is_superuser', $isSuperUser);

        return $isSuperUser;
    }

    public function isGrantUser(): bool
    {
        global $cfg;

        if (SessionCache::has('is_grantuser')) {
            return (bool) SessionCache::get('is_grantuser');
        }

        if (! $this->isConnected()) {
            return false;
        }

        $hasGrantPrivilege = false;

        if ($cfg['Server']['DisableIS']) {
            $grants = $this->getCurrentUserGrants();

            foreach ($grants as $grant) {
                if (str_contains($grant, 'WITH GRANT OPTION')) {
                    $hasGrantPrivilege = true;
                    break;
                }
            }

            SessionCache::set('is_grantuser', $hasGrantPrivilege);

            return $hasGrantPrivilege;
        }

        [$user, $host] = $this->getCurrentUserAndHost();
        $query = QueryGenerator::getInformationSchemaDataForGranteeRequest($user, $host);
        $result = $this->tryQuery($query);

        if ($result) {
            $hasGrantPrivilege = (bool) $result->numRows();
        }

        SessionCache::set('is_grantuser', $hasGrantPrivilege);

        return $hasGrantPrivilege;
    }

    public function isCreateUser(): bool
    {
        global $cfg;

        if (SessionCache::has('is_createuser')) {
            return (bool) SessionCache::get('is_createuser');
        }

        if (! $this->isConnected()) {
            return false;
        }

        $hasCreatePrivilege = false;

        if ($cfg['Server']['DisableIS']) {
            $grants = $this->getCurrentUserGrants();

            foreach ($grants as $grant) {
                if (str_contains($grant, 'ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.*') || str_contains($grant, 'CREATE USER')) {
                    $hasCreatePrivilege = true;
                    break;
                }
            }

            SessionCache::set('is_createuser', $hasCreatePrivilege);

            return $hasCreatePrivilege;
        }

        [$user, $host] = $this->getCurrentUserAndHost();
        $query = QueryGenerator::getInformationSchemaDataForCreateRequest($user, $host);
        $result = $this->tryQuery($query);

        if ($result) {
            $hasCreatePrivilege = (bool) $result->numRows();
        }

        SessionCache::set('is_createuser', $hasCreatePrivilege);

        return $hasCreatePrivilege;
    }

    public function isConnected(): bool
    {
        return isset($this->links[self::CONNECT_USER]);
    }

    private function getCurrentUserGrants(): array
    {
        return $this->fetchResult('SHOW GRANTS FOR CURRENT_USER();');
    }

    /**
     * Get the current user and host
     *
     * @return array array of username and hostname
     */
    public function getCurrentUserAndHost(): array
    {
        if (count($this->currentUser) === 0) {
            $user = $this->getCurrentUser();
            $this->currentUser = explode('@', $user);
        }

        return $this->currentUser;
    }

    /**
     * Returns value for lower_case_table_names variable
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function getLowerCaseNames()
    {
        if ($this->lowerCaseTableNames === null) {
            $this->lowerCaseTableNames = $this->fetchValue('SELECT @@lower_case_table_names') ?: '';
        }

        return $this->lowerCaseTableNames;
    }

    /**
     * connects to the database server
     *
     * @param int        $mode   Connection mode on of CONNECT_USER, CONNECT_CONTROL
     *                           or CONNECT_AUXILIARY.
     * @param array|null $server Server information like host/port/socket/persistent
     * @param int|null   $target How to store connection link, defaults to $mode
     *
     * @return mixed false on error or a connection object on success
     */
    public function connect(int $mode, ?array $server = null, ?int $target = null)
    {
        [$user, $password, $server] = Config::getConnectionParams($mode, $server);

        if ($target === null) {
            $target = $mode;
        }

        if ($user === null || $password === null) {
            trigger_error(
                __('Missing connection parameters!'),
                E_USER_WARNING
            );

            return false;
        }

        // Do not show location and backtrace for connection errors
        $GLOBALS['errorHandler']->setHideLocation(true);
        $result = $this->extension->connect($user, $password, $server);
        $GLOBALS['errorHandler']->setHideLocation(false);

        if ($result) {
            $this->links[$target] = $result;
            /* Run post connect for user connections */
            if ($target == self::CONNECT_USER) {
                $this->postConnect();
            }

            return $result;
        }

        if ($mode == self::CONNECT_CONTROL) {
            trigger_error(
                __(
                    'Connection for controluser as defined in your configuration failed.'
                ),
                E_USER_WARNING
            );

            return false;
        }

        if ($mode == self::CONNECT_AUXILIARY) {
            // Do not go back to main login if connection failed
            // (currently used only in unit testing)
            return false;
        }

        return $result;
    }

    /**
     * selects given database
     *
     * @param string|DatabaseName $dbname database name to select
     * @param int                 $link   link type
     */
    public function selectDb($dbname, $link = self::CONNECT_USER): bool
    {
        if (! isset($this->links[$link])) {
            return false;
        }

        return $this->extension->selectDb($dbname, $this->links[$link]);
    }

    /**
     * Check if there are any more query results from a multi query
     *
     * @param int $link link type
     */
    public function moreResults($link = self::CONNECT_USER): bool
    {
        if (! isset($this->links[$link])) {
            return false;
        }

        return $this->extension->moreResults($this->links[$link]);
    }

    /**
     * Prepare next result from multi_query
     *
     * @param int $link link type
     */
    public function nextResult($link = self::CONNECT_USER): bool
    {
        if (! isset($this->links[$link])) {
            return false;
        }

        return $this->extension->nextResult($this->links[$link]);
    }

    /**
     * Store the result returned from multi query
     *
     * @param int $link link type
     *
     * @return ResultInterface|false false when empty results / result set when not empty
     */
    public function storeResult($link = self::CONNECT_USER)
    {
        if (! isset($this->links[$link])) {
            return false;
        }

        return $this->extension->storeResult($this->links[$link]);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a string representing the type of connection used
     *
     * @param int $link link type
     *
     * @return string|bool type of connection used
     */
    public function getHostInfo($link = self::CONNECT_USER)
    {
        if (! isset($this->links[$link])) {
            return false;
        }

        return $this->extension->getHostInfo($this->links[$link]);
    }

    /**
     * Returns the version of the MySQL protocol used
     *
     * @param int $link link type
     *
     * @return int|bool version of the MySQL protocol used
     */
    public function getProtoInfo($link = self::CONNECT_USER)
    {
        if (! isset($this->links[$link])) {
            return false;
        }

        return $this->extension->getProtoInfo($this->links[$link]);
    }

    /**
     * returns a string that represents the client library version
     *
     * @return string MySQL client library version
     */
    public function getClientInfo(): string
    {
        return $this->extension->getClientInfo();
    }

    /**
     * Returns last error message or an empty string if no errors occurred.
     *
     * @param int $link link type
     */
    public function getError($link = self::CONNECT_USER): string
    {
        if (! isset($this->links[$link])) {
            return '';
        }

        return $this->extension->getError($this->links[$link]);
    }

    /**
     * returns the number of rows returned by last query
     * used with tryQuery as it accepts false
     *
     * @param string $query query to run
     *
     * @return string|int
     * @psalm-return int|numeric-string
     */
    public function queryAndGetNumRows(string $query)
    {
        $result = $this->tryQuery($query);

        if (! $result) {
            return 0;
        }

        return $result->numRows();
    }

    /**
     * returns last inserted auto_increment id for given $link
     * or $GLOBALS['userlink']
     *
     * @param int $link link type
     */
    public function insertId($link = self::CONNECT_USER): int
    {
        // If the primary key is BIGINT we get an incorrect result
        // (sometimes negative, sometimes positive)
        // and in the present function we don't know if the PK is BIGINT
        // so better play safe and use LAST_INSERT_ID()
        //
        // When no controluser is defined, using mysqli_insert_id($link)
        // does not always return the last insert id due to a mixup with
        // the tracking mechanism, but this works:
        return (int) $this->fetchValue('SELECT LAST_INSERT_ID();', 0, $link);
    }

    /**
     * returns the number of rows affected by last query
     *
     * @param int  $link           link type
     * @param bool $get_from_cache whether to retrieve from cache
     *
     * @return int|string
     * @psalm-return int|numeric-string
     */
    public function affectedRows(
        $link = self::CONNECT_USER,
        bool $get_from_cache = true
    ) {
        if (! isset($this->links[$link])) {
            return -1;
        }

        if ($get_from_cache) {
            return $GLOBALS['cached_affected_rows'];
        }

        return $this->extension->affectedRows($this->links[$link]);
    }

    /**
     * returns metainfo for fields in $result
     *
     * @param ResultInterface $result result set identifier
     *
     * @return FieldMetadata[] meta info for fields in $result
     */
    public function getFieldsMeta(ResultInterface $result): array
    {
        $fields = $result->getFieldsMeta();

        if ($this->getLowerCaseNames() === '2') {
            /**
             * Fixup orgtable for lower_case_table_names = 2
             *
             * In this setup MySQL server reports table name lower case
             * but we still need to operate on original case to properly
             * match existing strings
             */
            foreach ($fields as $value) {
                if (
                    strlen($value->orgtable) === 0 ||
                        mb_strtolower($value->orgtable) !== mb_strtolower($value->table)
                ) {
                    continue;
                }

                $value->orgtable = $value->table;
            }
        }

        return $fields;
    }

    /**
     * returns properly escaped string for use in MySQL queries
     *
     * @param string $str  string to be escaped
     * @param mixed  $link optional database link to use
     *
     * @return string a MySQL escaped string
     */
    public function escapeString(string $str, $link = self::CONNECT_USER)
    {
        if ($this->extension === null || ! isset($this->links[$link])) {
            return $str;
        }

        return $this->extension->escapeString($this->links[$link], $str);
    }

    /**
     * returns properly escaped string for use in MySQL LIKE clauses
     *
     * @param string $str  string to be escaped
     * @param int    $link optional database link to use
     *
     * @return string a MySQL escaped LIKE string
     */
    public function escapeMysqlLikeString(string $str, int $link = self::CONNECT_USER)
    {
        return $this->escapeString(strtr($str, ['\\' => '\\\\', '_' => '\\_', '%' => '\\%']), $link);
    }

    /**
     * Checks if this database server is running on Amazon RDS.
     */
    public function isAmazonRds(): bool
    {
        if (SessionCache::has('is_amazon_rds')) {
            return (bool) SessionCache::get('is_amazon_rds');
        }

        $sql = 'SELECT @@basedir';
        $result = (string) $this->fetchValue($sql);
        $rds = str_starts_with($result, '/rdsdbbin/');
        SessionCache::set('is_amazon_rds', $rds);

        return $rds;
    }

    /**
     * Gets SQL for killing a process.
     *
     * @param int $process Process ID
     */
    public function getKillQuery(int $process): string
    {
        if ($this->isAmazonRds()) {
            return 'CALL mysql.rds_kill(' . $process . ');';
        }

        return 'KILL ' . $process . ';';
    }

    /**
     * Get the phpmyadmin database manager
     */
    public function getSystemDatabase(): SystemDatabase
    {
        return new SystemDatabase($this);
    }

    /**
     * Get a table with database name and table name
     *
     * @param string $db_name    DB name
     * @param string $table_name Table name
     */
    public function getTable(string $db_name, string $table_name): Table
    {
        return new Table($table_name, $db_name, $this);
    }

    /**
     * returns collation of given db
     *
     * @param string $db name of db
     *
     * @return string  collation of $db
     */
    public function getDbCollation(string $db): string
    {
        if (Utilities::isSystemSchema($db)) {
            // We don't have to check the collation of the virtual
            // information_schema database: We know it!
            return 'utf8_general_ci';
        }

        if (! $GLOBALS['cfg']['Server']['DisableIS']) {
            // this is slow with thousands of databases
            $sql = 'SELECT DEFAULT_COLLATION_NAME FROM information_schema.SCHEMATA'
                . ' WHERE SCHEMA_NAME = \'' . $this->escapeString($db)
                . '\' LIMIT 1';

            return (string) $this->fetchValue($sql);
        }

        $this->selectDb($db);
        $return = (string) $this->fetchValue('SELECT @@collation_database');
        if ($db !== $GLOBALS['db']) {
            $this->selectDb($GLOBALS['db']);
        }

        return $return;
    }

    /**
     * returns default server collation from show variables
     */
    public function getServerCollation(): string
    {
        return (string) $this->fetchValue('SELECT @@collation_server');
    }

    /**
     * Server version as number
     *
     * @example 80011
     */
    public function getVersion(): int
    {
        return $this->versionInt;
    }

    /**
     * Server version
     */
    public function getVersionString(): string
    {
        return $this->versionString;
    }

    /**
     * Server version comment
     */
    public function getVersionComment(): string
    {
        return $this->versionComment;
    }

    /**
     * Whether connection is MariaDB
     */
    public function isMariaDB(): bool
    {
        return $this->isMariaDb;
    }

    /**
     * Whether connection is PerconaDB
     */
    public function isPercona(): bool
    {
        return $this->isPercona;
    }

    /**
     * Set version
     *
     * @param array $version Database version information
     * @phpstan-param array<array-key, mixed> $version
     */
    public function setVersion(array $version): void
    {
        $this->versionString = $version['@@version'] ?? '';
        $this->versionInt = Utilities::versionToInt($this->versionString);
        $this->versionComment = $version['@@version_comment'] ?? '';

        $this->isMariaDb = stripos($this->versionString, 'mariadb') !== false;
        $this->isPercona = stripos($this->versionComment, 'percona') !== false;
    }

    /**
     * Load correct database driver
     *
     * @param DbiExtension|null $extension Force the use of an alternative extension
     */
    public static function load(?DbiExtension $extension = null): self
    {
        if ($extension !== null) {
            return new self($extension);
        }

        if (! Util::checkDbExtension('mysqli')) {
            $docLink = sprintf(
                __('See %sour documentation%s for more information.'),
                '[doc@faqmysql]',
                '[/doc]'
            );
            Core::warnMissingExtension('mysqli', true, $docLink);
        }

        return new self(new DbiMysqli());
    }

    /**
     * Prepare an SQL statement for execution.
     *
     * @param string $query The query, as a string.
     * @param int    $link  Link type.
     *
     * @return object|false A statement object or false.
     */
    public function prepare(string $query, $link = self::CONNECT_USER)
    {
        return $this->extension->prepare($this->links[$link], $query);
    }
}
¿Qué es la limpieza dental de perros? - Clínica veterinaria


Es la eliminación del sarro y la placa adherida a la superficie de los dientes mediante un equipo de ultrasonidos que garantiza la integridad de las piezas dentales a la vez que elimina en profundidad cualquier resto de suciedad.

A continuación se procede al pulido de los dientes mediante una fresa especial que elimina la placa bacteriana y devuelve a los dientes el aspecto sano que deben tener.

Una vez terminado todo el proceso, se mantiene al perro en observación hasta que se despierta de la anestesia, bajo la atenta supervisión de un veterinario.

¿Cada cuánto tiempo tengo que hacerle una limpieza dental a mi perro?

A partir de cierta edad, los perros pueden necesitar una limpieza dental anual o bianual. Depende de cada caso. En líneas generales, puede decirse que los perros de razas pequeñas suelen acumular más sarro y suelen necesitar una atención mayor en cuanto a higiene dental.


Riesgos de una mala higiene


Los riesgos más evidentes de una mala higiene dental en los perros son los siguientes:

  • Cuando la acumulación de sarro no se trata, se puede producir una inflamación y retracción de las encías que puede descalzar el diente y provocar caídas.
  • Mal aliento (halitosis).
  • Sarro perros
  • Puede ir a más
  • Las bacterias de la placa pueden trasladarse a través del torrente circulatorio a órganos vitales como el corazón ocasionando problemas de endocarditis en las válvulas. Las bacterias pueden incluso acantonarse en huesos (La osteomielitis es la infección ósea, tanto cortical como medular) provocando mucho dolor y una artritis séptica).

¿Cómo se forma el sarro?

El sarro es la calcificación de la placa dental. Los restos de alimentos, junto con las bacterias presentes en la boca, van a formar la placa bacteriana o placa dental. Si la placa no se retira, al mezclarse con la saliva y los minerales presentes en ella, reaccionará formando una costra. La placa se calcifica y se forma el sarro.

El sarro, cuando se forma, es de color blanquecino pero a medida que pasa el tiempo se va poniendo amarillo y luego marrón.

Síntomas de una pobre higiene dental
La señal más obvia de una mala salud dental canina es el mal aliento.

Sin embargo, a veces no es tan fácil de detectar
Y hay perros que no se dejan abrir la boca por su dueño. Por ejemplo…

Recientemente nos trajeron a la clínica a un perro que parpadeaba de un ojo y decía su dueño que le picaba un lado de la cara. Tenía molestias y dificultad para comer, lo que había llevado a sus dueños a comprarle comida blanda (que suele ser un poco más cara y llevar más contenido en grasa) durante medio año. Después de una exploración oftalmológica, nos dimos cuenta de que el ojo tenía una úlcera en la córnea probablemente de rascarse . Además, el canto lateral del ojo estaba inflamado. Tenía lo que en humanos llamamos flemón pero como era un perro de pelo largo, no se le notaba a simple vista. Al abrirle la boca nos llamó la atención el ver una muela llena de sarro. Le realizamos una radiografía y encontramos una fístula que llegaba hasta la parte inferior del ojo.

Le tuvimos que extraer la muela. Tras esto, el ojo se curó completamente con unos colirios y una lentilla protectora de úlcera. Afortunadamente, la úlcera no profundizó y no perforó el ojo. Ahora el perro come perfectamente a pesar de haber perdido una muela.

¿Cómo mantener la higiene dental de tu perro?
Hay varias maneras de prevenir problemas derivados de la salud dental de tu perro.

Limpiezas de dientes en casa
Es recomendable limpiar los dientes de tu perro semanal o diariamente si se puede. Existe una gran variedad de productos que se pueden utilizar:

Pastas de dientes.
Cepillos de dientes o dedales para el dedo índice, que hacen más fácil la limpieza.
Colutorios para echar en agua de bebida o directamente sobre el diente en líquido o en spray.

En la Clínica Tus Veterinarios enseñamos a nuestros clientes a tomar el hábito de limpiar los dientes de sus perros desde que son cachorros. Esto responde a nuestro compromiso con la prevención de enfermedades caninas.

Hoy en día tenemos muchos clientes que limpian los dientes todos los días a su mascota, y como resultado, se ahorran el dinero de hacer limpiezas dentales profesionales y consiguen una mejor salud de su perro.


Limpiezas dentales profesionales de perros y gatos

Recomendamos hacer una limpieza dental especializada anualmente. La realizamos con un aparato de ultrasonidos que utiliza agua para quitar el sarro. Después, procedemos a pulir los dientes con un cepillo de alta velocidad y una pasta especial. Hacemos esto para proteger el esmalte.

La frecuencia de limpiezas dentales necesaria varía mucho entre razas. En general, las razas grandes tienen buena calidad de esmalte, por lo que no necesitan hacerlo tan a menudo e incluso pueden pasarse la vida sin requerir una limpieza. Sin embargo, razas pequeñas como el Yorkshire o el Maltés, deben hacérselas todos los años desde cachorros si se quiere conservar sus piezas dentales.

Otro factor fundamental es la calidad del pienso. Algunas marcas han diseñado croquetas que limpian la superficie del diente y de la muela al masticarse.

Ultrasonido para perros

¿Se necesita anestesia para las limpiezas dentales de perros y gatos?

La limpieza dental en perros no es una técnica que pueda practicarse sin anestesia general , aunque hay veces que los propietarios no quieren anestesiar y si tiene poco sarro y el perro es muy bueno se puede intentar…… , pero no se va a poder pulir ni acceder a todas la zona de la boca …. Además los limpiadores dentales van a irrigar agua y hay riesgo de aspiración a vías respiratorias si no se realiza una anestesia correcta con intubación traqueal . En resumen , sin anestesia no se va hacer una correcta limpieza dental.

Tampoco sirve la sedación ya que necesitamos que el animal esté totalmente quieto, y el veterinario tenga un acceso completo a todas sus piezas dentales y encías.

Alimentos para la limpieza dental

Hay que tener cierto cuidado a la hora de comprar determinados alimentos porque no todos son saludables. Algunos tienen demasiado contenido graso, que en exceso puede causar problemas cardiovasculares y obesidad.

Los mejores alimentos para los dientes son aquellos que están elaborados por empresas farmacéuticas y llevan componentes químicos con tratamientos específicos para el diente del perro. Esto implica no solo limpieza a través de la acción mecánica de morder sino también un tratamiento antibacteriano para prevenir el sarro.

Conclusión

Si eres como la mayoría de dueños, por falta de tiempo , es probable que no estés prestando la suficiente atención a la limpieza dental de tu perro. Por eso te animamos a que comiences a limpiar los dientes de tu perro y consideres atender a su higiene bucal con frecuencia.

Estas simples medidas pueden conllevar a que tu perro tenga una vida más larga y mucho más saludable.

Si te resulta imposible introducir un cepillo de dientes a tu perro en la boca, pásate con él por clínica Tus Veterinarios y te explicamos cómo hacerlo.

Necesitas hacer una limpieza dental profesional a tu mascota?
Llámanos al 622575274 o contacta con nosotros

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