Current File : //var/www/prestashop/vendor/symfony/symfony/src/Symfony/Component/Yaml/Parser.php
<?php

/*
 * This file is part of the Symfony package.
 *
 * (c) Fabien Potencier <fabien@symfony.com>
 *
 * For the full copyright and license information, please view the LICENSE
 * file that was distributed with this source code.
 */

namespace Symfony\Component\Yaml;

use Symfony\Component\Yaml\Exception\ParseException;
use Symfony\Component\Yaml\Tag\TaggedValue;

/**
 * Parser parses YAML strings to convert them to PHP arrays.
 *
 * @author Fabien Potencier <fabien@symfony.com>
 *
 * @final
 */
class Parser
{
    public const TAG_PATTERN = '(?P<tag>![\w!.\/:-]+)';
    public const BLOCK_SCALAR_HEADER_PATTERN = '(?P<separator>\||>)(?P<modifiers>\+|\-|\d+|\+\d+|\-\d+|\d+\+|\d+\-)?(?P<comments> +#.*)?';
    public const REFERENCE_PATTERN = '#^&(?P<ref>[^ ]++) *+(?P<value>.*)#u';

    private $filename;
    private $offset = 0;
    private $totalNumberOfLines;
    private $lines = [];
    private $currentLineNb = -1;
    private $currentLine = '';
    private $refs = [];
    private $skippedLineNumbers = [];
    private $locallySkippedLineNumbers = [];
    private $refsBeingParsed = [];

    /**
     * Parses a YAML file into a PHP value.
     *
     * @param string $filename The path to the YAML file to be parsed
     * @param int    $flags    A bit field of PARSE_* constants to customize the YAML parser behavior
     *
     * @return mixed The YAML converted to a PHP value
     *
     * @throws ParseException If the file could not be read or the YAML is not valid
     */
    public function parseFile(string $filename, int $flags = 0)
    {
        if (!is_file($filename)) {
            throw new ParseException(sprintf('File "%s" does not exist.', $filename));
        }

        if (!is_readable($filename)) {
            throw new ParseException(sprintf('File "%s" cannot be read.', $filename));
        }

        $this->filename = $filename;

        try {
            return $this->parse(file_get_contents($filename), $flags);
        } finally {
            $this->filename = null;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Parses a YAML string to a PHP value.
     *
     * @param string $value A YAML string
     * @param int    $flags A bit field of PARSE_* constants to customize the YAML parser behavior
     *
     * @return mixed A PHP value
     *
     * @throws ParseException If the YAML is not valid
     */
    public function parse(string $value, int $flags = 0)
    {
        if (false === preg_match('//u', $value)) {
            throw new ParseException('The YAML value does not appear to be valid UTF-8.', -1, null, $this->filename);
        }

        $this->refs = [];

        $mbEncoding = null;

        if (2 /* MB_OVERLOAD_STRING */ & (int) \ini_get('mbstring.func_overload')) {
            $mbEncoding = mb_internal_encoding();
            mb_internal_encoding('UTF-8');
        }

        try {
            $data = $this->doParse($value, $flags);
        } finally {
            if (null !== $mbEncoding) {
                mb_internal_encoding($mbEncoding);
            }
            $this->refsBeingParsed = [];
            $this->offset = 0;
            $this->lines = [];
            $this->currentLine = '';
            $this->refs = [];
            $this->skippedLineNumbers = [];
            $this->locallySkippedLineNumbers = [];
            $this->totalNumberOfLines = null;
        }

        return $data;
    }

    private function doParse(string $value, int $flags)
    {
        $this->currentLineNb = -1;
        $this->currentLine = '';
        $value = $this->cleanup($value);
        $this->lines = explode("\n", $value);
        $this->locallySkippedLineNumbers = [];

        if (null === $this->totalNumberOfLines) {
            $this->totalNumberOfLines = \count($this->lines);
        }

        if (!$this->moveToNextLine()) {
            return null;
        }

        $data = [];
        $context = null;
        $allowOverwrite = false;

        while ($this->isCurrentLineEmpty()) {
            if (!$this->moveToNextLine()) {
                return null;
            }
        }

        // Resolves the tag and returns if end of the document
        if (null !== ($tag = $this->getLineTag($this->currentLine, $flags, false)) && !$this->moveToNextLine()) {
            return new TaggedValue($tag, '');
        }

        do {
            if ($this->isCurrentLineEmpty()) {
                continue;
            }

            // tab?
            if ("\t" === $this->currentLine[0]) {
                throw new ParseException('A YAML file cannot contain tabs as indentation.', $this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1, $this->currentLine, $this->filename);
            }

            Inline::initialize($flags, $this->getRealCurrentLineNb(), $this->filename);

            $isRef = $mergeNode = false;
            if ('-' === $this->currentLine[0] && self::preg_match('#^\-((?P<leadspaces>\s+)(?P<value>.+))?$#u', rtrim($this->currentLine), $values)) {
                if ($context && 'mapping' == $context) {
                    throw new ParseException('You cannot define a sequence item when in a mapping.', $this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1, $this->currentLine, $this->filename);
                }
                $context = 'sequence';

                if (isset($values['value']) && '&' === $values['value'][0] && self::preg_match(self::REFERENCE_PATTERN, $values['value'], $matches)) {
                    $isRef = $matches['ref'];
                    $this->refsBeingParsed[] = $isRef;
                    $values['value'] = $matches['value'];
                }

                if (isset($values['value'][1]) && '?' === $values['value'][0] && ' ' === $values['value'][1]) {
                    throw new ParseException('Complex mappings are not supported.', $this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1, $this->currentLine);
                }

                // array
                if (isset($values['value']) && 0 === strpos(ltrim($values['value'], ' '), '-')) {
                    // Inline first child
                    $currentLineNumber = $this->getRealCurrentLineNb();

                    $sequenceIndentation = \strlen($values['leadspaces']) + 1;
                    $sequenceYaml = substr($this->currentLine, $sequenceIndentation);
                    $sequenceYaml .= "\n".$this->getNextEmbedBlock($sequenceIndentation, true);

                    $data[] = $this->parseBlock($currentLineNumber, rtrim($sequenceYaml), $flags);
                } elseif (!isset($values['value']) || '' == trim($values['value'], ' ') || 0 === strpos(ltrim($values['value'], ' '), '#')) {
                    $data[] = $this->parseBlock($this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1, $this->getNextEmbedBlock(null, true) ?? '', $flags);
                } elseif (null !== $subTag = $this->getLineTag(ltrim($values['value'], ' '), $flags)) {
                    $data[] = new TaggedValue(
                        $subTag,
                        $this->parseBlock($this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1, $this->getNextEmbedBlock(null, true), $flags)
                    );
                } else {
                    if (
                        isset($values['leadspaces'])
                        && (
                            '!' === $values['value'][0]
                            || self::preg_match('#^(?P<key>'.Inline::REGEX_QUOTED_STRING.'|[^ \'"\{\[].*?) *\:(\s+(?P<value>.+?))?\s*$#u', $this->trimTag($values['value']), $matches)
                        )
                    ) {
                        // this is a compact notation element, add to next block and parse
                        $block = $values['value'];
                        if ($this->isNextLineIndented()) {
                            $block .= "\n".$this->getNextEmbedBlock($this->getCurrentLineIndentation() + \strlen($values['leadspaces']) + 1);
                        }

                        $data[] = $this->parseBlock($this->getRealCurrentLineNb(), $block, $flags);
                    } else {
                        $data[] = $this->parseValue($values['value'], $flags, $context);
                    }
                }
                if ($isRef) {
                    $this->refs[$isRef] = end($data);
                    array_pop($this->refsBeingParsed);
                }
            } elseif (
                self::preg_match('#^(?P<key>(?:![^\s]++\s++)?(?:'.Inline::REGEX_QUOTED_STRING.'|(?:!?!php/const:)?[^ \'"\[\{!].*?)) *\:(( |\t)++(?P<value>.+))?$#u', rtrim($this->currentLine), $values)
                && (false === strpos($values['key'], ' #') || \in_array($values['key'][0], ['"', "'"]))
            ) {
                if ($context && 'sequence' == $context) {
                    throw new ParseException('You cannot define a mapping item when in a sequence.', $this->currentLineNb + 1, $this->currentLine, $this->filename);
                }
                $context = 'mapping';

                try {
                    $key = Inline::parseScalar($values['key']);
                } catch (ParseException $e) {
                    $e->setParsedLine($this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1);
                    $e->setSnippet($this->currentLine);

                    throw $e;
                }

                if (!\is_string($key) && !\is_int($key)) {
                    throw new ParseException((is_numeric($key) ? 'Numeric' : 'Non-string').' keys are not supported. Quote your evaluable mapping keys instead.', $this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1, $this->currentLine);
                }

                // Convert float keys to strings, to avoid being converted to integers by PHP
                if (\is_float($key)) {
                    $key = (string) $key;
                }

                if ('<<' === $key && (!isset($values['value']) || '&' !== $values['value'][0] || !self::preg_match('#^&(?P<ref>[^ ]+)#u', $values['value'], $refMatches))) {
                    $mergeNode = true;
                    $allowOverwrite = true;
                    if (isset($values['value'][0]) && '*' === $values['value'][0]) {
                        $refName = substr(rtrim($values['value']), 1);
                        if (!\array_key_exists($refName, $this->refs)) {
                            if (false !== $pos = array_search($refName, $this->refsBeingParsed, true)) {
                                throw new ParseException(sprintf('Circular reference [%s] detected for reference "%s".', implode(', ', array_merge(\array_slice($this->refsBeingParsed, $pos), [$refName])), $refName), $this->currentLineNb + 1, $this->currentLine, $this->filename);
                            }

                            throw new ParseException(sprintf('Reference "%s" does not exist.', $refName), $this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1, $this->currentLine, $this->filename);
                        }

                        $refValue = $this->refs[$refName];

                        if (Yaml::PARSE_OBJECT_FOR_MAP & $flags && $refValue instanceof \stdClass) {
                            $refValue = (array) $refValue;
                        }

                        if (!\is_array($refValue)) {
                            throw new ParseException('YAML merge keys used with a scalar value instead of an array.', $this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1, $this->currentLine, $this->filename);
                        }

                        $data += $refValue; // array union
                    } else {
                        if (isset($values['value']) && '' !== $values['value']) {
                            $value = $values['value'];
                        } else {
                            $value = $this->getNextEmbedBlock();
                        }
                        $parsed = $this->parseBlock($this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1, $value, $flags);

                        if (Yaml::PARSE_OBJECT_FOR_MAP & $flags && $parsed instanceof \stdClass) {
                            $parsed = (array) $parsed;
                        }

                        if (!\is_array($parsed)) {
                            throw new ParseException('YAML merge keys used with a scalar value instead of an array.', $this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1, $this->currentLine, $this->filename);
                        }

                        if (isset($parsed[0])) {
                            // If the value associated with the merge key is a sequence, then this sequence is expected to contain mapping nodes
                            // and each of these nodes is merged in turn according to its order in the sequence. Keys in mapping nodes earlier
                            // in the sequence override keys specified in later mapping nodes.
                            foreach ($parsed as $parsedItem) {
                                if (Yaml::PARSE_OBJECT_FOR_MAP & $flags && $parsedItem instanceof \stdClass) {
                                    $parsedItem = (array) $parsedItem;
                                }

                                if (!\is_array($parsedItem)) {
                                    throw new ParseException('Merge items must be arrays.', $this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1, $parsedItem, $this->filename);
                                }

                                $data += $parsedItem; // array union
                            }
                        } else {
                            // If the value associated with the key is a single mapping node, each of its key/value pairs is inserted into the
                            // current mapping, unless the key already exists in it.
                            $data += $parsed; // array union
                        }
                    }
                } elseif ('<<' !== $key && isset($values['value']) && '&' === $values['value'][0] && self::preg_match(self::REFERENCE_PATTERN, $values['value'], $matches)) {
                    $isRef = $matches['ref'];
                    $this->refsBeingParsed[] = $isRef;
                    $values['value'] = $matches['value'];
                }

                $subTag = null;
                if ($mergeNode) {
                    // Merge keys
                } elseif (!isset($values['value']) || '' === $values['value'] || 0 === strpos($values['value'], '#') || (null !== $subTag = $this->getLineTag($values['value'], $flags)) || '<<' === $key) {
                    // hash
                    // if next line is less indented or equal, then it means that the current value is null
                    if (!$this->isNextLineIndented() && !$this->isNextLineUnIndentedCollection()) {
                        // Spec: Keys MUST be unique; first one wins.
                        // But overwriting is allowed when a merge node is used in current block.
                        if ($allowOverwrite || !isset($data[$key])) {
                            if (null !== $subTag) {
                                $data[$key] = new TaggedValue($subTag, '');
                            } else {
                                $data[$key] = null;
                            }
                        } else {
                            throw new ParseException(sprintf('Duplicate key "%s" detected.', $key), $this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1, $this->currentLine);
                        }
                    } else {
                        // remember the parsed line number here in case we need it to provide some contexts in error messages below
                        $realCurrentLineNbKey = $this->getRealCurrentLineNb();
                        $value = $this->parseBlock($this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1, $this->getNextEmbedBlock(), $flags);
                        if ('<<' === $key) {
                            $this->refs[$refMatches['ref']] = $value;

                            if (Yaml::PARSE_OBJECT_FOR_MAP & $flags && $value instanceof \stdClass) {
                                $value = (array) $value;
                            }

                            $data += $value;
                        } elseif ($allowOverwrite || !isset($data[$key])) {
                            // Spec: Keys MUST be unique; first one wins.
                            // But overwriting is allowed when a merge node is used in current block.
                            if (null !== $subTag) {
                                $data[$key] = new TaggedValue($subTag, $value);
                            } else {
                                $data[$key] = $value;
                            }
                        } else {
                            throw new ParseException(sprintf('Duplicate key "%s" detected.', $key), $realCurrentLineNbKey + 1, $this->currentLine);
                        }
                    }
                } else {
                    $value = $this->parseValue(rtrim($values['value']), $flags, $context);
                    // Spec: Keys MUST be unique; first one wins.
                    // But overwriting is allowed when a merge node is used in current block.
                    if ($allowOverwrite || !isset($data[$key])) {
                        $data[$key] = $value;
                    } else {
                        throw new ParseException(sprintf('Duplicate key "%s" detected.', $key), $this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1, $this->currentLine);
                    }
                }
                if ($isRef) {
                    $this->refs[$isRef] = $data[$key];
                    array_pop($this->refsBeingParsed);
                }
            } elseif ('"' === $this->currentLine[0] || "'" === $this->currentLine[0]) {
                if (null !== $context) {
                    throw new ParseException('Unable to parse.', $this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1, $this->currentLine, $this->filename);
                }

                try {
                    return Inline::parse($this->lexInlineQuotedString(), $flags, $this->refs);
                } catch (ParseException $e) {
                    $e->setParsedLine($this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1);
                    $e->setSnippet($this->currentLine);

                    throw $e;
                }
            } elseif ('{' === $this->currentLine[0]) {
                if (null !== $context) {
                    throw new ParseException('Unable to parse.', $this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1, $this->currentLine, $this->filename);
                }

                try {
                    $parsedMapping = Inline::parse($this->lexInlineMapping(), $flags, $this->refs);

                    while ($this->moveToNextLine()) {
                        if (!$this->isCurrentLineEmpty()) {
                            throw new ParseException('Unable to parse.', $this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1, $this->currentLine, $this->filename);
                        }
                    }

                    return $parsedMapping;
                } catch (ParseException $e) {
                    $e->setParsedLine($this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1);
                    $e->setSnippet($this->currentLine);

                    throw $e;
                }
            } elseif ('[' === $this->currentLine[0]) {
                if (null !== $context) {
                    throw new ParseException('Unable to parse.', $this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1, $this->currentLine, $this->filename);
                }

                try {
                    $parsedSequence = Inline::parse($this->lexInlineSequence(), $flags, $this->refs);

                    while ($this->moveToNextLine()) {
                        if (!$this->isCurrentLineEmpty()) {
                            throw new ParseException('Unable to parse.', $this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1, $this->currentLine, $this->filename);
                        }
                    }

                    return $parsedSequence;
                } catch (ParseException $e) {
                    $e->setParsedLine($this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1);
                    $e->setSnippet($this->currentLine);

                    throw $e;
                }
            } else {
                // multiple documents are not supported
                if ('---' === $this->currentLine) {
                    throw new ParseException('Multiple documents are not supported.', $this->currentLineNb + 1, $this->currentLine, $this->filename);
                }

                if ($deprecatedUsage = (isset($this->currentLine[1]) && '?' === $this->currentLine[0] && ' ' === $this->currentLine[1])) {
                    throw new ParseException('Complex mappings are not supported.', $this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1, $this->currentLine);
                }

                // 1-liner optionally followed by newline(s)
                if (\is_string($value) && $this->lines[0] === trim($value)) {
                    try {
                        $value = Inline::parse($this->lines[0], $flags, $this->refs);
                    } catch (ParseException $e) {
                        $e->setParsedLine($this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1);
                        $e->setSnippet($this->currentLine);

                        throw $e;
                    }

                    return $value;
                }

                // try to parse the value as a multi-line string as a last resort
                if (0 === $this->currentLineNb) {
                    $previousLineWasNewline = false;
                    $previousLineWasTerminatedWithBackslash = false;
                    $value = '';

                    foreach ($this->lines as $line) {
                        if ('' !== ltrim($line) && '#' === ltrim($line)[0]) {
                            continue;
                        }
                        // If the indentation is not consistent at offset 0, it is to be considered as a ParseError
                        if (0 === $this->offset && !$deprecatedUsage && isset($line[0]) && ' ' === $line[0]) {
                            throw new ParseException('Unable to parse.', $this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1, $this->currentLine, $this->filename);
                        }

                        if (false !== strpos($line, ': ')) {
                            @trigger_error('Support for mapping keys in multi-line blocks is deprecated since Symfony 4.3 and will throw a ParseException in 5.0.', \E_USER_DEPRECATED);
                        }

                        if ('' === trim($line)) {
                            $value .= "\n";
                        } elseif (!$previousLineWasNewline && !$previousLineWasTerminatedWithBackslash) {
                            $value .= ' ';
                        }

                        if ('' !== trim($line) && '\\' === substr($line, -1)) {
                            $value .= ltrim(substr($line, 0, -1));
                        } elseif ('' !== trim($line)) {
                            $value .= trim($line);
                        }

                        if ('' === trim($line)) {
                            $previousLineWasNewline = true;
                            $previousLineWasTerminatedWithBackslash = false;
                        } elseif ('\\' === substr($line, -1)) {
                            $previousLineWasNewline = false;
                            $previousLineWasTerminatedWithBackslash = true;
                        } else {
                            $previousLineWasNewline = false;
                            $previousLineWasTerminatedWithBackslash = false;
                        }
                    }

                    try {
                        return Inline::parse(trim($value));
                    } catch (ParseException $e) {
                        // fall-through to the ParseException thrown below
                    }
                }

                throw new ParseException('Unable to parse.', $this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1, $this->currentLine, $this->filename);
            }
        } while ($this->moveToNextLine());

        if (null !== $tag) {
            $data = new TaggedValue($tag, $data);
        }

        if (Yaml::PARSE_OBJECT_FOR_MAP & $flags && !\is_object($data) && 'mapping' === $context) {
            $object = new \stdClass();

            foreach ($data as $key => $value) {
                $object->$key = $value;
            }

            $data = $object;
        }

        return empty($data) ? null : $data;
    }

    private function parseBlock(int $offset, string $yaml, int $flags)
    {
        $skippedLineNumbers = $this->skippedLineNumbers;

        foreach ($this->locallySkippedLineNumbers as $lineNumber) {
            if ($lineNumber < $offset) {
                continue;
            }

            $skippedLineNumbers[] = $lineNumber;
        }

        $parser = new self();
        $parser->offset = $offset;
        $parser->totalNumberOfLines = $this->totalNumberOfLines;
        $parser->skippedLineNumbers = $skippedLineNumbers;
        $parser->refs = &$this->refs;
        $parser->refsBeingParsed = $this->refsBeingParsed;

        return $parser->doParse($yaml, $flags);
    }

    /**
     * Returns the current line number (takes the offset into account).
     *
     * @internal
     *
     * @return int The current line number
     */
    public function getRealCurrentLineNb(): int
    {
        $realCurrentLineNumber = $this->currentLineNb + $this->offset;

        foreach ($this->skippedLineNumbers as $skippedLineNumber) {
            if ($skippedLineNumber > $realCurrentLineNumber) {
                break;
            }

            ++$realCurrentLineNumber;
        }

        return $realCurrentLineNumber;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the current line indentation.
     *
     * @return int The current line indentation
     */
    private function getCurrentLineIndentation(): int
    {
        return \strlen($this->currentLine) - \strlen(ltrim($this->currentLine, ' '));
    }

    /**
     * Returns the next embed block of YAML.
     *
     * @param int|null $indentation The indent level at which the block is to be read, or null for default
     * @param bool     $inSequence  True if the enclosing data structure is a sequence
     *
     * @return string A YAML string
     *
     * @throws ParseException When indentation problem are detected
     */
    private function getNextEmbedBlock(int $indentation = null, bool $inSequence = false): string
    {
        $oldLineIndentation = $this->getCurrentLineIndentation();

        if (!$this->moveToNextLine()) {
            return '';
        }

        if (null === $indentation) {
            $newIndent = null;
            $movements = 0;

            do {
                $EOF = false;

                // empty and comment-like lines do not influence the indentation depth
                if ($this->isCurrentLineEmpty() || $this->isCurrentLineComment()) {
                    $EOF = !$this->moveToNextLine();

                    if (!$EOF) {
                        ++$movements;
                    }
                } else {
                    $newIndent = $this->getCurrentLineIndentation();
                }
            } while (!$EOF && null === $newIndent);

            for ($i = 0; $i < $movements; ++$i) {
                $this->moveToPreviousLine();
            }

            $unindentedEmbedBlock = $this->isStringUnIndentedCollectionItem();

            if (!$this->isCurrentLineEmpty() && 0 === $newIndent && !$unindentedEmbedBlock) {
                throw new ParseException('Indentation problem.', $this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1, $this->currentLine, $this->filename);
            }
        } else {
            $newIndent = $indentation;
        }

        $data = [];

        if ($this->getCurrentLineIndentation() >= $newIndent) {
            $data[] = substr($this->currentLine, $newIndent ?? 0);
        } elseif ($this->isCurrentLineEmpty() || $this->isCurrentLineComment()) {
            $data[] = $this->currentLine;
        } else {
            $this->moveToPreviousLine();

            return '';
        }

        if ($inSequence && $oldLineIndentation === $newIndent && isset($data[0][0]) && '-' === $data[0][0]) {
            // the previous line contained a dash but no item content, this line is a sequence item with the same indentation
            // and therefore no nested list or mapping
            $this->moveToPreviousLine();

            return '';
        }

        $isItUnindentedCollection = $this->isStringUnIndentedCollectionItem();
        $isItComment = $this->isCurrentLineComment();

        while ($this->moveToNextLine()) {
            if ($isItComment && !$isItUnindentedCollection) {
                $isItUnindentedCollection = $this->isStringUnIndentedCollectionItem();
                $isItComment = $this->isCurrentLineComment();
            }

            $indent = $this->getCurrentLineIndentation();

            if ($isItUnindentedCollection && !$this->isCurrentLineEmpty() && !$this->isStringUnIndentedCollectionItem() && $newIndent === $indent) {
                $this->moveToPreviousLine();
                break;
            }

            if ($this->isCurrentLineBlank()) {
                $data[] = substr($this->currentLine, $newIndent);
                continue;
            }

            if ($indent >= $newIndent) {
                $data[] = substr($this->currentLine, $newIndent);
            } elseif ($this->isCurrentLineComment()) {
                $data[] = $this->currentLine;
            } elseif (0 == $indent) {
                $this->moveToPreviousLine();

                break;
            } else {
                throw new ParseException('Indentation problem.', $this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1, $this->currentLine, $this->filename);
            }
        }

        return implode("\n", $data);
    }

    private function hasMoreLines(): bool
    {
        return (\count($this->lines) - 1) > $this->currentLineNb;
    }

    /**
     * Moves the parser to the next line.
     */
    private function moveToNextLine(): bool
    {
        if ($this->currentLineNb >= \count($this->lines) - 1) {
            return false;
        }

        $this->currentLine = $this->lines[++$this->currentLineNb];

        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Moves the parser to the previous line.
     */
    private function moveToPreviousLine(): bool
    {
        if ($this->currentLineNb < 1) {
            return false;
        }

        $this->currentLine = $this->lines[--$this->currentLineNb];

        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Parses a YAML value.
     *
     * @param string $value   A YAML value
     * @param int    $flags   A bit field of PARSE_* constants to customize the YAML parser behavior
     * @param string $context The parser context (either sequence or mapping)
     *
     * @return mixed A PHP value
     *
     * @throws ParseException When reference does not exist
     */
    private function parseValue(string $value, int $flags, string $context)
    {
        if (0 === strpos($value, '*')) {
            if (false !== $pos = strpos($value, '#')) {
                $value = substr($value, 1, $pos - 2);
            } else {
                $value = substr($value, 1);
            }

            if (!\array_key_exists($value, $this->refs)) {
                if (false !== $pos = array_search($value, $this->refsBeingParsed, true)) {
                    throw new ParseException(sprintf('Circular reference [%s] detected for reference "%s".', implode(', ', array_merge(\array_slice($this->refsBeingParsed, $pos), [$value])), $value), $this->currentLineNb + 1, $this->currentLine, $this->filename);
                }

                throw new ParseException(sprintf('Reference "%s" does not exist.', $value), $this->currentLineNb + 1, $this->currentLine, $this->filename);
            }

            return $this->refs[$value];
        }

        if (\in_array($value[0], ['!', '|', '>'], true) && self::preg_match('/^(?:'.self::TAG_PATTERN.' +)?'.self::BLOCK_SCALAR_HEADER_PATTERN.'$/', $value, $matches)) {
            $modifiers = $matches['modifiers'] ?? '';

            $data = $this->parseBlockScalar($matches['separator'], preg_replace('#\d+#', '', $modifiers), abs((int) $modifiers));

            if ('' !== $matches['tag'] && '!' !== $matches['tag']) {
                if ('!!binary' === $matches['tag']) {
                    return Inline::evaluateBinaryScalar($data);
                }

                return new TaggedValue(substr($matches['tag'], 1), $data);
            }

            return $data;
        }

        try {
            if ('' !== $value && '{' === $value[0]) {
                $cursor = \strlen(rtrim($this->currentLine)) - \strlen(rtrim($value));

                return Inline::parse($this->lexInlineMapping($cursor), $flags, $this->refs);
            } elseif ('' !== $value && '[' === $value[0]) {
                $cursor = \strlen(rtrim($this->currentLine)) - \strlen(rtrim($value));

                return Inline::parse($this->lexInlineSequence($cursor), $flags, $this->refs);
            }

            switch ($value[0] ?? '') {
                case '"':
                case "'":
                    $cursor = \strlen(rtrim($this->currentLine)) - \strlen(rtrim($value));
                    $parsedValue = Inline::parse($this->lexInlineQuotedString($cursor), $flags, $this->refs);

                    if (isset($this->currentLine[$cursor]) && preg_replace('/\s*(#.*)?$/A', '', substr($this->currentLine, $cursor))) {
                        throw new ParseException(sprintf('Unexpected characters near "%s".', substr($this->currentLine, $cursor)));
                    }

                    return $parsedValue;
                default:
                    $lines = [];

                    while ($this->moveToNextLine()) {
                        // unquoted strings end before the first unindented line
                        if (0 === $this->getCurrentLineIndentation()) {
                            $this->moveToPreviousLine();

                            break;
                        }

                        $lines[] = trim($this->currentLine);
                    }

                    for ($i = 0, $linesCount = \count($lines), $previousLineBlank = false; $i < $linesCount; ++$i) {
                        if ('' === $lines[$i]) {
                            $value .= "\n";
                            $previousLineBlank = true;
                        } elseif ($previousLineBlank) {
                            $value .= $lines[$i];
                            $previousLineBlank = false;
                        } else {
                            $value .= ' '.$lines[$i];
                            $previousLineBlank = false;
                        }
                    }

                    Inline::$parsedLineNumber = $this->getRealCurrentLineNb();

                    $parsedValue = Inline::parse($value, $flags, $this->refs);

                    if ('mapping' === $context && \is_string($parsedValue) && '"' !== $value[0] && "'" !== $value[0] && '[' !== $value[0] && '{' !== $value[0] && '!' !== $value[0] && false !== strpos($parsedValue, ': ')) {
                        throw new ParseException('A colon cannot be used in an unquoted mapping value.', $this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1, $value, $this->filename);
                    }

                    return $parsedValue;
            }
        } catch (ParseException $e) {
            $e->setParsedLine($this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1);
            $e->setSnippet($this->currentLine);

            throw $e;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Parses a block scalar.
     *
     * @param string $style       The style indicator that was used to begin this block scalar (| or >)
     * @param string $chomping    The chomping indicator that was used to begin this block scalar (+ or -)
     * @param int    $indentation The indentation indicator that was used to begin this block scalar
     */
    private function parseBlockScalar(string $style, string $chomping = '', int $indentation = 0): string
    {
        $notEOF = $this->moveToNextLine();
        if (!$notEOF) {
            return '';
        }

        $isCurrentLineBlank = $this->isCurrentLineBlank();
        $blockLines = [];

        // leading blank lines are consumed before determining indentation
        while ($notEOF && $isCurrentLineBlank) {
            // newline only if not EOF
            if ($notEOF = $this->moveToNextLine()) {
                $blockLines[] = '';
                $isCurrentLineBlank = $this->isCurrentLineBlank();
            }
        }

        // determine indentation if not specified
        if (0 === $indentation) {
            $currentLineLength = \strlen($this->currentLine);

            for ($i = 0; $i < $currentLineLength && ' ' === $this->currentLine[$i]; ++$i) {
                ++$indentation;
            }
        }

        if ($indentation > 0) {
            $pattern = sprintf('/^ {%d}(.*)$/', $indentation);

            while (
                $notEOF && (
                    $isCurrentLineBlank ||
                    self::preg_match($pattern, $this->currentLine, $matches)
                )
            ) {
                if ($isCurrentLineBlank && \strlen($this->currentLine) > $indentation) {
                    $blockLines[] = substr($this->currentLine, $indentation);
                } elseif ($isCurrentLineBlank) {
                    $blockLines[] = '';
                } else {
                    $blockLines[] = $matches[1];
                }

                // newline only if not EOF
                if ($notEOF = $this->moveToNextLine()) {
                    $isCurrentLineBlank = $this->isCurrentLineBlank();
                }
            }
        } elseif ($notEOF) {
            $blockLines[] = '';
        }

        if ($notEOF) {
            $blockLines[] = '';
            $this->moveToPreviousLine();
        } elseif (!$notEOF && !$this->isCurrentLineLastLineInDocument()) {
            $blockLines[] = '';
        }

        // folded style
        if ('>' === $style) {
            $text = '';
            $previousLineIndented = false;
            $previousLineBlank = false;

            for ($i = 0, $blockLinesCount = \count($blockLines); $i < $blockLinesCount; ++$i) {
                if ('' === $blockLines[$i]) {
                    $text .= "\n";
                    $previousLineIndented = false;
                    $previousLineBlank = true;
                } elseif (' ' === $blockLines[$i][0]) {
                    $text .= "\n".$blockLines[$i];
                    $previousLineIndented = true;
                    $previousLineBlank = false;
                } elseif ($previousLineIndented) {
                    $text .= "\n".$blockLines[$i];
                    $previousLineIndented = false;
                    $previousLineBlank = false;
                } elseif ($previousLineBlank || 0 === $i) {
                    $text .= $blockLines[$i];
                    $previousLineIndented = false;
                    $previousLineBlank = false;
                } else {
                    $text .= ' '.$blockLines[$i];
                    $previousLineIndented = false;
                    $previousLineBlank = false;
                }
            }
        } else {
            $text = implode("\n", $blockLines);
        }

        // deal with trailing newlines
        if ('' === $chomping) {
            $text = preg_replace('/\n+$/', "\n", $text);
        } elseif ('-' === $chomping) {
            $text = preg_replace('/\n+$/', '', $text);
        }

        return $text;
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if the next line is indented.
     *
     * @return bool Returns true if the next line is indented, false otherwise
     */
    private function isNextLineIndented(): bool
    {
        $currentIndentation = $this->getCurrentLineIndentation();
        $movements = 0;

        do {
            $EOF = !$this->moveToNextLine();

            if (!$EOF) {
                ++$movements;
            }
        } while (!$EOF && ($this->isCurrentLineEmpty() || $this->isCurrentLineComment()));

        if ($EOF) {
            return false;
        }

        $ret = $this->getCurrentLineIndentation() > $currentIndentation;

        for ($i = 0; $i < $movements; ++$i) {
            $this->moveToPreviousLine();
        }

        return $ret;
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if the current line is blank or if it is a comment line.
     *
     * @return bool Returns true if the current line is empty or if it is a comment line, false otherwise
     */
    private function isCurrentLineEmpty(): bool
    {
        return $this->isCurrentLineBlank() || $this->isCurrentLineComment();
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if the current line is blank.
     *
     * @return bool Returns true if the current line is blank, false otherwise
     */
    private function isCurrentLineBlank(): bool
    {
        return '' == trim($this->currentLine, ' ');
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if the current line is a comment line.
     *
     * @return bool Returns true if the current line is a comment line, false otherwise
     */
    private function isCurrentLineComment(): bool
    {
        // checking explicitly the first char of the trim is faster than loops or strpos
        $ltrimmedLine = ltrim($this->currentLine, ' ');

        return '' !== $ltrimmedLine && '#' === $ltrimmedLine[0];
    }

    private function isCurrentLineLastLineInDocument(): bool
    {
        return ($this->offset + $this->currentLineNb) >= ($this->totalNumberOfLines - 1);
    }

    /**
     * Cleanups a YAML string to be parsed.
     *
     * @param string $value The input YAML string
     *
     * @return string A cleaned up YAML string
     */
    private function cleanup(string $value): string
    {
        $value = str_replace(["\r\n", "\r"], "\n", $value);

        // strip YAML header
        $count = 0;
        $value = preg_replace('#^\%YAML[: ][\d\.]+.*\n#u', '', $value, -1, $count);
        $this->offset += $count;

        // remove leading comments
        $trimmedValue = preg_replace('#^(\#.*?\n)+#s', '', $value, -1, $count);
        if (1 === $count) {
            // items have been removed, update the offset
            $this->offset += substr_count($value, "\n") - substr_count($trimmedValue, "\n");
            $value = $trimmedValue;
        }

        // remove start of the document marker (---)
        $trimmedValue = preg_replace('#^\-\-\-.*?\n#s', '', $value, -1, $count);
        if (1 === $count) {
            // items have been removed, update the offset
            $this->offset += substr_count($value, "\n") - substr_count($trimmedValue, "\n");
            $value = $trimmedValue;

            // remove end of the document marker (...)
            $value = preg_replace('#\.\.\.\s*$#', '', $value);
        }

        return $value;
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if the next line starts unindented collection.
     *
     * @return bool Returns true if the next line starts unindented collection, false otherwise
     */
    private function isNextLineUnIndentedCollection(): bool
    {
        $currentIndentation = $this->getCurrentLineIndentation();
        $movements = 0;

        do {
            $EOF = !$this->moveToNextLine();

            if (!$EOF) {
                ++$movements;
            }
        } while (!$EOF && ($this->isCurrentLineEmpty() || $this->isCurrentLineComment()));

        if ($EOF) {
            return false;
        }

        $ret = $this->getCurrentLineIndentation() === $currentIndentation && $this->isStringUnIndentedCollectionItem();

        for ($i = 0; $i < $movements; ++$i) {
            $this->moveToPreviousLine();
        }

        return $ret;
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if the string is un-indented collection item.
     *
     * @return bool Returns true if the string is un-indented collection item, false otherwise
     */
    private function isStringUnIndentedCollectionItem(): bool
    {
        return '-' === rtrim($this->currentLine) || 0 === strpos($this->currentLine, '- ');
    }

    /**
     * A local wrapper for "preg_match" which will throw a ParseException if there
     * is an internal error in the PCRE engine.
     *
     * This avoids us needing to check for "false" every time PCRE is used
     * in the YAML engine
     *
     * @throws ParseException on a PCRE internal error
     *
     * @see preg_last_error()
     *
     * @internal
     */
    public static function preg_match(string $pattern, string $subject, array &$matches = null, int $flags = 0, int $offset = 0): int
    {
        if (false === $ret = preg_match($pattern, $subject, $matches, $flags, $offset)) {
            switch (preg_last_error()) {
                case \PREG_INTERNAL_ERROR:
                    $error = 'Internal PCRE error.';
                    break;
                case \PREG_BACKTRACK_LIMIT_ERROR:
                    $error = 'pcre.backtrack_limit reached.';
                    break;
                case \PREG_RECURSION_LIMIT_ERROR:
                    $error = 'pcre.recursion_limit reached.';
                    break;
                case \PREG_BAD_UTF8_ERROR:
                    $error = 'Malformed UTF-8 data.';
                    break;
                case \PREG_BAD_UTF8_OFFSET_ERROR:
                    $error = 'Offset doesn\'t correspond to the begin of a valid UTF-8 code point.';
                    break;
                default:
                    $error = 'Error.';
            }

            throw new ParseException($error);
        }

        return $ret;
    }

    /**
     * Trim the tag on top of the value.
     *
     * Prevent values such as "!foo {quz: bar}" to be considered as
     * a mapping block.
     */
    private function trimTag(string $value): string
    {
        if ('!' === $value[0]) {
            return ltrim(substr($value, 1, strcspn($value, " \r\n", 1)), ' ');
        }

        return $value;
    }

    private function getLineTag(string $value, int $flags, bool $nextLineCheck = true): ?string
    {
        if ('' === $value || '!' !== $value[0] || 1 !== self::preg_match('/^'.self::TAG_PATTERN.' *( +#.*)?$/', $value, $matches)) {
            return null;
        }

        if ($nextLineCheck && !$this->isNextLineIndented()) {
            return null;
        }

        $tag = substr($matches['tag'], 1);

        // Built-in tags
        if ($tag && '!' === $tag[0]) {
            throw new ParseException(sprintf('The built-in tag "!%s" is not implemented.', $tag), $this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1, $value, $this->filename);
        }

        if (Yaml::PARSE_CUSTOM_TAGS & $flags) {
            return $tag;
        }

        throw new ParseException(sprintf('Tags support is not enabled. You must use the flag "Yaml::PARSE_CUSTOM_TAGS" to use "%s".', $matches['tag']), $this->getRealCurrentLineNb() + 1, $value, $this->filename);
    }

    private function lexInlineQuotedString(int &$cursor = 0): string
    {
        $quotation = $this->currentLine[$cursor];
        $value = $quotation;
        ++$cursor;

        $previousLineWasNewline = true;
        $previousLineWasTerminatedWithBackslash = false;
        $lineNumber = 0;

        do {
            if (++$lineNumber > 1) {
                $cursor += strspn($this->currentLine, ' ', $cursor);
            }

            if ($this->isCurrentLineBlank()) {
                $value .= "\n";
            } elseif (!$previousLineWasNewline && !$previousLineWasTerminatedWithBackslash) {
                $value .= ' ';
            }

            for (; \strlen($this->currentLine) > $cursor; ++$cursor) {
                switch ($this->currentLine[$cursor]) {
                    case '\\':
                        if ("'" === $quotation) {
                            $value .= '\\';
                        } elseif (isset($this->currentLine[++$cursor])) {
                            $value .= '\\'.$this->currentLine[$cursor];
                        }

                        break;
                    case $quotation:
                        ++$cursor;

                        if ("'" === $quotation && isset($this->currentLine[$cursor]) && "'" === $this->currentLine[$cursor]) {
                            $value .= "''";
                            break;
                        }

                        return $value.$quotation;
                    default:
                        $value .= $this->currentLine[$cursor];
                }
            }

            if ($this->isCurrentLineBlank()) {
                $previousLineWasNewline = true;
                $previousLineWasTerminatedWithBackslash = false;
            } elseif ('\\' === $this->currentLine[-1]) {
                $previousLineWasNewline = false;
                $previousLineWasTerminatedWithBackslash = true;
            } else {
                $previousLineWasNewline = false;
                $previousLineWasTerminatedWithBackslash = false;
            }

            if ($this->hasMoreLines()) {
                $cursor = 0;
            }
        } while ($this->moveToNextLine());

        throw new ParseException('Malformed inline YAML string.');
    }

    private function lexUnquotedString(int &$cursor): string
    {
        $offset = $cursor;
        $cursor += strcspn($this->currentLine, '[]{},: ', $cursor);

        if ($cursor === $offset) {
            throw new ParseException('Malformed unquoted YAML string.');
        }

        return substr($this->currentLine, $offset, $cursor - $offset);
    }

    private function lexInlineMapping(int &$cursor = 0): string
    {
        return $this->lexInlineStructure($cursor, '}');
    }

    private function lexInlineSequence(int &$cursor = 0): string
    {
        return $this->lexInlineStructure($cursor, ']');
    }

    private function lexInlineStructure(int &$cursor, string $closingTag): string
    {
        $value = $this->currentLine[$cursor];
        ++$cursor;

        do {
            $this->consumeWhitespaces($cursor);

            while (isset($this->currentLine[$cursor])) {
                switch ($this->currentLine[$cursor]) {
                    case '"':
                    case "'":
                        $value .= $this->lexInlineQuotedString($cursor);
                        break;
                    case ':':
                    case ',':
                        $value .= $this->currentLine[$cursor];
                        ++$cursor;
                        break;
                    case '{':
                        $value .= $this->lexInlineMapping($cursor);
                        break;
                    case '[':
                        $value .= $this->lexInlineSequence($cursor);
                        break;
                    case $closingTag:
                        $value .= $this->currentLine[$cursor];
                        ++$cursor;

                        return $value;
                    case '#':
                        break 2;
                    default:
                        $value .= $this->lexUnquotedString($cursor);
                }

                if ($this->consumeWhitespaces($cursor)) {
                    $value .= ' ';
                }
            }

            if ($this->hasMoreLines()) {
                $cursor = 0;
            }
        } while ($this->moveToNextLine());

        throw new ParseException('Malformed inline YAML string.');
    }

    private function consumeWhitespaces(int &$cursor): bool
    {
        $whitespacesConsumed = 0;

        do {
            $whitespaceOnlyTokenLength = strspn($this->currentLine, ' ', $cursor);
            $whitespacesConsumed += $whitespaceOnlyTokenLength;
            $cursor += $whitespaceOnlyTokenLength;

            if (isset($this->currentLine[$cursor])) {
                return 0 < $whitespacesConsumed;
            }

            if ($this->hasMoreLines()) {
                $cursor = 0;
            }
        } while ($this->moveToNextLine());

        return 0 < $whitespacesConsumed;
    }
}
¿Qué es la limpieza dental de perros? - Clínica veterinaria


Es la eliminación del sarro y la placa adherida a la superficie de los dientes mediante un equipo de ultrasonidos que garantiza la integridad de las piezas dentales a la vez que elimina en profundidad cualquier resto de suciedad.

A continuación se procede al pulido de los dientes mediante una fresa especial que elimina la placa bacteriana y devuelve a los dientes el aspecto sano que deben tener.

Una vez terminado todo el proceso, se mantiene al perro en observación hasta que se despierta de la anestesia, bajo la atenta supervisión de un veterinario.

¿Cada cuánto tiempo tengo que hacerle una limpieza dental a mi perro?

A partir de cierta edad, los perros pueden necesitar una limpieza dental anual o bianual. Depende de cada caso. En líneas generales, puede decirse que los perros de razas pequeñas suelen acumular más sarro y suelen necesitar una atención mayor en cuanto a higiene dental.


Riesgos de una mala higiene


Los riesgos más evidentes de una mala higiene dental en los perros son los siguientes:

  • Cuando la acumulación de sarro no se trata, se puede producir una inflamación y retracción de las encías que puede descalzar el diente y provocar caídas.
  • Mal aliento (halitosis).
  • Sarro perros
  • Puede ir a más
  • Las bacterias de la placa pueden trasladarse a través del torrente circulatorio a órganos vitales como el corazón ocasionando problemas de endocarditis en las válvulas. Las bacterias pueden incluso acantonarse en huesos (La osteomielitis es la infección ósea, tanto cortical como medular) provocando mucho dolor y una artritis séptica).

¿Cómo se forma el sarro?

El sarro es la calcificación de la placa dental. Los restos de alimentos, junto con las bacterias presentes en la boca, van a formar la placa bacteriana o placa dental. Si la placa no se retira, al mezclarse con la saliva y los minerales presentes en ella, reaccionará formando una costra. La placa se calcifica y se forma el sarro.

El sarro, cuando se forma, es de color blanquecino pero a medida que pasa el tiempo se va poniendo amarillo y luego marrón.

Síntomas de una pobre higiene dental
La señal más obvia de una mala salud dental canina es el mal aliento.

Sin embargo, a veces no es tan fácil de detectar
Y hay perros que no se dejan abrir la boca por su dueño. Por ejemplo…

Recientemente nos trajeron a la clínica a un perro que parpadeaba de un ojo y decía su dueño que le picaba un lado de la cara. Tenía molestias y dificultad para comer, lo que había llevado a sus dueños a comprarle comida blanda (que suele ser un poco más cara y llevar más contenido en grasa) durante medio año. Después de una exploración oftalmológica, nos dimos cuenta de que el ojo tenía una úlcera en la córnea probablemente de rascarse . Además, el canto lateral del ojo estaba inflamado. Tenía lo que en humanos llamamos flemón pero como era un perro de pelo largo, no se le notaba a simple vista. Al abrirle la boca nos llamó la atención el ver una muela llena de sarro. Le realizamos una radiografía y encontramos una fístula que llegaba hasta la parte inferior del ojo.

Le tuvimos que extraer la muela. Tras esto, el ojo se curó completamente con unos colirios y una lentilla protectora de úlcera. Afortunadamente, la úlcera no profundizó y no perforó el ojo. Ahora el perro come perfectamente a pesar de haber perdido una muela.

¿Cómo mantener la higiene dental de tu perro?
Hay varias maneras de prevenir problemas derivados de la salud dental de tu perro.

Limpiezas de dientes en casa
Es recomendable limpiar los dientes de tu perro semanal o diariamente si se puede. Existe una gran variedad de productos que se pueden utilizar:

Pastas de dientes.
Cepillos de dientes o dedales para el dedo índice, que hacen más fácil la limpieza.
Colutorios para echar en agua de bebida o directamente sobre el diente en líquido o en spray.

En la Clínica Tus Veterinarios enseñamos a nuestros clientes a tomar el hábito de limpiar los dientes de sus perros desde que son cachorros. Esto responde a nuestro compromiso con la prevención de enfermedades caninas.

Hoy en día tenemos muchos clientes que limpian los dientes todos los días a su mascota, y como resultado, se ahorran el dinero de hacer limpiezas dentales profesionales y consiguen una mejor salud de su perro.


Limpiezas dentales profesionales de perros y gatos

Recomendamos hacer una limpieza dental especializada anualmente. La realizamos con un aparato de ultrasonidos que utiliza agua para quitar el sarro. Después, procedemos a pulir los dientes con un cepillo de alta velocidad y una pasta especial. Hacemos esto para proteger el esmalte.

La frecuencia de limpiezas dentales necesaria varía mucho entre razas. En general, las razas grandes tienen buena calidad de esmalte, por lo que no necesitan hacerlo tan a menudo e incluso pueden pasarse la vida sin requerir una limpieza. Sin embargo, razas pequeñas como el Yorkshire o el Maltés, deben hacérselas todos los años desde cachorros si se quiere conservar sus piezas dentales.

Otro factor fundamental es la calidad del pienso. Algunas marcas han diseñado croquetas que limpian la superficie del diente y de la muela al masticarse.

Ultrasonido para perros

¿Se necesita anestesia para las limpiezas dentales de perros y gatos?

La limpieza dental en perros no es una técnica que pueda practicarse sin anestesia general , aunque hay veces que los propietarios no quieren anestesiar y si tiene poco sarro y el perro es muy bueno se puede intentar…… , pero no se va a poder pulir ni acceder a todas la zona de la boca …. Además los limpiadores dentales van a irrigar agua y hay riesgo de aspiración a vías respiratorias si no se realiza una anestesia correcta con intubación traqueal . En resumen , sin anestesia no se va hacer una correcta limpieza dental.

Tampoco sirve la sedación ya que necesitamos que el animal esté totalmente quieto, y el veterinario tenga un acceso completo a todas sus piezas dentales y encías.

Alimentos para la limpieza dental

Hay que tener cierto cuidado a la hora de comprar determinados alimentos porque no todos son saludables. Algunos tienen demasiado contenido graso, que en exceso puede causar problemas cardiovasculares y obesidad.

Los mejores alimentos para los dientes son aquellos que están elaborados por empresas farmacéuticas y llevan componentes químicos con tratamientos específicos para el diente del perro. Esto implica no solo limpieza a través de la acción mecánica de morder sino también un tratamiento antibacteriano para prevenir el sarro.

Conclusión

Si eres como la mayoría de dueños, por falta de tiempo , es probable que no estés prestando la suficiente atención a la limpieza dental de tu perro. Por eso te animamos a que comiences a limpiar los dientes de tu perro y consideres atender a su higiene bucal con frecuencia.

Estas simples medidas pueden conllevar a que tu perro tenga una vida más larga y mucho más saludable.

Si te resulta imposible introducir un cepillo de dientes a tu perro en la boca, pásate con él por clínica Tus Veterinarios y te explicamos cómo hacerlo.

Necesitas hacer una limpieza dental profesional a tu mascota?
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