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<?php

// Start of PECL libevent v.0.0.4

// Libevent documentation:
// http://www.wangafu.net/~nickm/libevent-book/

// PHP Libevent extension documentation:
// https://php.net/libevent

// Event flags

/**
 * This flag indicates an event that becomes active after a timeout elapses.
 *
 * The EV_TIMEOUT flag is ignored when constructing an event: you
 * can either set a timeout when you add the event, or not.  It is
 * set in the 'what' argument to the callback function when a timeout
 * has occurred.
 */
define('EV_TIMEOUT', 1);

/**
 * This flag indicates an event that becomes active when the provided
 * file descriptor is ready for reading.
 */
define('EV_READ', 2);

/**
 * This flag indicates an event that becomes active when the provided
 * file descriptor is ready for writing.
 */
define('EV_WRITE', 4);

/**
 * Used to implement signal detection.
 */
define('EV_SIGNAL', 8);

/**
 * Indicates that the event is persistent.
 *
 * By default, whenever a pending event becomes active
 * (because its fd is ready to read or write, or because its timeout expires),
 * it becomes non-pending right before its callback is executed.
 * Thus, if you want to make the event pending again, you can call event_add()
 * on it again from inside the callback function.
 *
 * If the EV_PERSIST flag is set on an event, however, the event is persistent.
 * This means that event remains pending even when its callback is activated.
 * If you want to make it non-pending from within its callback, you can call
 * event_del() on it.
 *
 * The timeout on a persistent event resets whenever the event's callback runs.
 * Thus, if you have an event with flags EV_READ|EV_PERSIST and a timeout of five
 * seconds, the event will become active:
 *
 * Whenever the socket is ready for reading.
 *
 * Whenever five seconds have passed since the event last became active.
 */
define('EV_PERSIST', 16);

// Event loop modes

/**
 * Event base loop mode.
 * Starts only one iteration of loop.
 *
 * @see event_base_loop
 */
define('EVLOOP_ONCE', 1);

/**
 * Event base loop mode.
 * Not wait for events to trigger, only check whether
 * any events are ready to trigger immediately.
 *
 * @see event_base_loop
 */
define('EVLOOP_NONBLOCK', 2);

// Buffered event error codes (second argument in buffer's error-callback)

/**
 * An event occurred during a read operation on the
 * bufferevent. See the other flags for which event it was.
 */
define('EVBUFFER_READ', 1);

/**
 * An event occurred during a write operation on the bufferevent.
 * See the other flags for which event it was.
 */
define('EVBUFFER_WRITE', 2);

/**
 * We finished a requested connection on the bufferevent.
 */
define('EVBUFFER_EOF', 16);

/**
 * An error occurred during a bufferevent operation. For more information
 * on what the error was, call {@link socket_strerror}().
 */
define('EVBUFFER_ERROR', 32);

/**
 * A timeout expired on the bufferevent.
 */
define('EVBUFFER_TIMEOUT', 64);

/**
 * <p>Create and initialize new event base</p>
 *
 * <p>Returns new event base, which can be used later in {@link event_base_set}(), {@link event_base_loop}() and other functions.</p>
 *
 * @link https://php.net/event_base_new
 *
 * @return resource|false returns valid event base resource on success or FALSE on error.
 */
function event_base_new() {}

/**
 * <p>Destroy event base</p>
 * <p>(PECL libevent >= 0.0.1)</p>
 *
 * <p>Destroys the specified event_base and frees all the resources associated.
 * Note that it's not possible to destroy an event base with events attached to it.</p>
 *
 * @link https://php.net/event_base_free
 *
 * @param resource $event_base Valid event base resource.
 *
 * @return void
 */
function event_base_free($event_base) {}

/**
 * <p>Handle events</p>
 * <p>(PECL libevent >= 0.0.1)</p>
 *
 * <p>Starts event loop for the specified event base.</p>
 *
 * <p>By default, the {@link event_base_loop}() function runs an event_base until
 * there are no more events registered in it. To run the loop, it repeatedly
 * checks whether any of the registered events has triggered (for example,
 * if a read event's file descriptor is ready to read, or if a timeout event's
 * timeout is ready to expire). Once this happens, it marks all triggered events
 * as "active", and starts to run them.
 * </p>
 *
 * <p>You can change the behavior of event_base_loop() by setting one or more flags
 * in its flags argument. If EVLOOP_ONCE is set, then the loop will wait until some
 * events become active, then run active events until there are no more to run, then
 * return. If EVLOOP_NONBLOCK is set, then the loop will not wait for events to trigger:
 * it will only check whether any events are ready to trigger immediately,
 * and run their callbacks if so.
 * </p>
 *
 * @link https://php.net/event_base_loop
 *
 * @param resource $event_base Valid event base resource.
 * @param int $flags [optional] Optional parameter, which can take any combination of EVLOOP_ONCE and EVLOOP_NONBLOCK.
 *
 * @return int <p>
 * Returns 0 if it exited normally,
 * -1 if it exited because of some unhandled error in the backend
 * and 1 if no events were registered.
 * </p>
 */
function event_base_loop($event_base, $flags = null) {}

/**
 * <p>Tells the event_base to exit its loop immediately.</p>
 * <p>(PECL libevent >= 0.0.1)</p>
 *
 * <p>It differs from {@link event_base_loopexit}() in that if the event_base is currently
 * running callbacks for any active events, it will exit immediately after finishing the
 * one it's currently processing. The behaviour is similar to break statement.</p>
 *
 * @link https://php.net/event_base_loopbreak
 *
 * @param resource $event_base Valid event base resource.
 *
 * @return bool returns TRUE on success or FALSE on error.
 */
function event_base_loopbreak($event_base) {}

/**
 * <p>Tells an event_base to stop looping after a given time has elapsed</p>
 * <p>(PECL libevent >= 0.0.1)</p>
 *
 * <p>If the event_base is currently running callbacks for any active events,
 * it will continue running them, and not exit until they have all been run.</p>
 *
 * <p>If event loop isn't running {@link event_base_loopexit}() schedules the next instance
 * of the event loop to stop right after the next round of callbacks are run (as if it had
 * been invoked with EVLOOP_ONCE).</p>
 *
 * @link https://php.net/event_base_loopexit
 *
 * @param resource $event_base <p>
 * Valid event base resource.
 * </p>
 * @param int $timeout [optional] <p>
 * Optional timeout parameter (in microseconds). If lower than 1,
 * the event_base stops looping without a delay.
 * </p>
 *
 * @return bool returns TRUE on success or FALSE on error.
 */
function event_base_loopexit($event_base, $timeout = -1) {}

/**
 * <p>Associate event base with an event</p>
 * <p>(PECL libevent >= 0.0.1)</p>
 *
 * <p>Associates the event_base with the event.</p>
 *
 * @link https://php.net/event_base_set
 *
 * @param resource $event Valid event resource.
 * @param resource $base Valid event base resource.
 *
 * @return bool returns TRUE on success or FALSE on error.
 */
function event_base_set($event, $base) {}

/**
 * <p>Set the number of different event priority levels</p>
 * <p>(PECL libevent >= 0.0.2)</p>
 *
 * <p>By default all events are scheduled with the same priority (npriorities/2).
 * Using {@link event_base_priority_init}() you can change the number of event priority
 * levels and then set a desired priority for each event.</p>
 *
 * @link https://php.net/event_base_priority_init
 *
 * @param resource $event_base Valid event base resource.
 * @param int $npriorities The number of event priority levels.
 *
 * @return bool returns TRUE on success or FALSE on error.
 */
function event_base_priority_init($event_base, $npriorities) {}

/**
 * <p>Creates and returns a new event resource.</p>
 * <p>(PECL libevent >= 0.0.1)</p>
 *
 * @link https://php.net/event_new
 *
 * @return resource|false returns a new event resource on success or FALSE on error.
 */
function event_new() {}

/**
 * <p>Free event resource.</p>
 * <p>(PECL libevent >= 0.0.1)</p>
 *
 * @link https://php.net/event_free
 *
 * @param resource $event Valid event resource.
 *
 * @return void
 */
function event_free($event) {}

/**
 * <p>Add an event to the set of monitored events</p>
 * <p>(PECL libevent >= 0.0.1)</p>
 *
 * <p>Schedules the execution of the non-pending event (makes it pending in it's
 * configured base) when the event specified in {@link event_set}() occurs or in
 * at least the time specified by the timeout argument. If timeout was not specified,
 * not timeout is set. The event must be already initialized by
 * {@link event_set}() and {@link event_base_set}() functions.
 * If the event already has a timeout set,
 * it is replaced by the new one.</p>
 *
 * <p>If you call {@link event_add}() on an event that is already pending,
 * it will leave it pending, and reschedule it with the provided timeout.</p>
 *
 * @link https://php.net/event_add
 *
 * @param resource $event <p>
 * Valid event resource.
 * </p>
 * @param int $timeout [optional] <p>
 * Optional timeout (in microseconds).
 * </p>
 *
 * @return bool returns TRUE on success or FALSE on error.
 */
function event_add($event, $timeout = -1) {}

/**
 * <p>Prepares the event to be used in {@link event_add}().</p>
 * <p>(PECL libevent >= 0.0.1)</p>
 *
 * <p>The event is prepared to call the function specified by the callback
 * on the events specified in parameter events, which is a set of the following
 * flags: EV_TIMEOUT, EV_SIGNAL, EV_READ, EV_WRITE and EV_PERSIST.</p>
 *
 * <p>EV_SIGNAL support was added in version 0.0.4</p>
 *
 * <p>After initializing the event, use {@link event_base_set}() to associate the event with its event base.</p>
 *
 * <p>In case of matching event, these three arguments are passed to the callback function:
 * <table>
 * 	<tr>
 * 		<td><b>$fd</b></td>
 * 		<td>Signal number or resource indicating the stream.</td>
 * 	</tr>
 * 	<tr>
 * 		<td><b>$events</b></td>
 * 		<td>A flag indicating the event. Consists of the following flags: EV_TIMEOUT, EV_SIGNAL, EV_READ, EV_WRITE and EV_PERSIST.</td>
 * 	</tr>
 * 	<tr>
 * 		<td><b>$arg</b></td>
 * 		<td>Optional parameter, previously passed to {@link event_set}() as arg.</td>
 * 	</tr>
 * </table>
 * </p>
 *
 * @link https://php.net/event_set
 *
 * @param resource $event <p>
 * Valid event resource.
 * </p>
 * @param resource|int $fd <p>
 * Valid PHP stream resource. The stream must be castable to file descriptor,
 * so you most likely won't be able to use any of filtered streams.
 * </p>
 * @param int $events <p>
 * A set of flags indicating the desired event, can be EV_READ and/or EV_WRITE.
 * The additional flag EV_PERSIST makes the event to persist until {@link event_del}() is
 * called, otherwise the callback is invoked only once.
 * </p>
 * @param callable $callback <p>
 * Callback function to be called when the matching event occurs.
 * </p>
 * @param mixed $arg [optional] <p>
 * Optional callback parameter.
 * </p>
 *
 * @return bool returns TRUE on success or FALSE on error.
 */
function event_set($event, $fd, $events, $callback, $arg = null) {}

/**
 * <p>Remove an event from the set of monitored events.</p>
 * <p>(PECL libevent >= 0.0.1)</p>
 *
 * <p>Calling {@link event_del}() on an initialized event makes it non-pending
 * and non-active. If the event was not pending or active, there is no effect.</p>
 *
 * @link https://php.net/event_del
 *
 * @param resource $event Valid event resource.
 *
 * @return bool returns TRUE on success or FALSE on error.
 */
function event_del($event) {}

/**
 * <p>Create new buffered event</p>
 * <p>(PECL libevent >= 0.0.1)</p>
 *
 * <p>Libevent provides an abstraction layer on top of the regular event API.
 * Using buffered event you don't need to deal with the I/O manually, instead
 * it provides input and output buffers that get filled and drained automatically.</p>
 *
 * <p>Every bufferevent has two data-related callbacks: a read callback and a write
 * callback. By default, the read callback is called whenever any data is read from
 * the underlying transport, and the write callback is called whenever enough data
 * from the output buffer is emptied to the underlying transport. You can override
 * the behavior of these functions by adjusting the read and write "watermarks"
 * of the bufferevent (see {@link event_buffer_watermark_set}()).</p>
 *
 * <p>A bufferevent also has an "error" or "event" callback that gets invoked to tell
 * the application about non-data-oriented events, like when a connection is closed or
 * an error occurs.</p>
 *
 * @link https://php.net/event_buffer_new
 *
 * @param resource      $stream  Valid PHP stream resource. Must be castable to file descriptor.
 * @param callable|null $readcb  Callback to invoke where there is data to read, or NULL if no callback is desired.
 * @param callable|null $writecb Callback to invoke where the descriptor is ready for writing, or NULL if no callback is desired.
 * @param callable      $errorcb Callback to invoke where there is an error on the descriptor, cannot be NULL.
 * @param mixed         $arg     An argument that will be passed to each of the callbacks (optional).
 *
 * @return resource|false returns new buffered event resource on success or FALSE on error.
 */
function event_buffer_new($stream, $readcb, $writecb, $errorcb, $arg = null) {}

/**
 * <p>Destroys the specified buffered event and frees all the resources associated.</p>
 * <p>(PECL libevent >= 0.0.1)</p>
 *
 * @link https://php.net/event_buffer_free
 *
 * @param resource $bevent Valid buffered event resource.
 *
 * @return void
 */
function event_buffer_free($bevent) {}

/**
 * <p>Associate buffered event with an event base</p>
 * <p>(PECL libevent >= 0.0.1)</p>
 *
 * <p>Assign the specified bevent to the event_base.</p>
 *
 * @link https://php.net/event_buffer_base_set
 *
 * @param resource $bevent Valid buffered event resource.
 * @param resource $event_base Valid event base resource.
 *
 * @return bool returns TRUE on success or FALSE on error.
 */
function event_buffer_base_set($bevent, $event_base) {}

/**
 * <p>Assign a priority to a buffered event. Use it after
 * initializing event, but before adding an event to the event_base.</p>
 * <p>(PECL libevent >= 0.0.1)</p>
 *
 * <p>When multiple events trigger at the same time, Libevent
 * does not define any order with respect to when their callbacks
 * will be executed. You can define some events as more important
 * than others by using priorities.</p>
 *
 * <p>When multiple events of multiple priorities become active,
 * the low-priority events are not run. Instead, Libevent runs
 * the high priority events, then checks for events again. Only
 * when no high-priority events are active are the low-priority
 * events run.</p>
 *
 * <p>When you do not set the priority for an event, the default
 * is the number of queues in the event base, divided by 2.</p>
 *
 * @link https://php.net/event_buffer_priority_set
 *
 * @see event_base_priority_init
 *
 * @param resource $bevent <p>
 * Valid buffered event resource.
 * </p>
 * @param int $priority <p>
 * Priority level. Cannot be less than 0 and cannot exceed
 * maximum priority level of the event base (see {@link event_base_priority_init}()).
 * </p>
 *
 * @return bool returns TRUE on success or FALSE on error.
 */
function event_buffer_priority_set($bevent, $priority) {}

/**
 * <p>Writes data to the specified buffered event.</p>
 * <p>(PECL libevent >= 0.0.1)</p>
 *
 * <p>The data is appended to the output buffer and written
 * to the descriptor when it becomes available for writing.</p>
 *
 * @link https://php.net/event_buffer_write
 *
 * @param resource $bevent Valid buffered event resource.
 * @param string $data The data to be written.
 * @param int $data_size Optional size parameter. {@link event_buffer_write}() writes all the data by default
 *
 * @return bool returns TRUE on success or FALSE on error.
 */
function event_buffer_write($bevent, $data, $data_size = -1) {}

/**
 * <p>Reads data from the input buffer of the buffered event.</p>
 * <p>(PECL libevent >= 0.0.1)</p>
 *
 * @link https://php.net/event_buffer_read
 *
 * @param resource $bevent Valid buffered event resource.
 * @param int $data_size Data size in bytes.
 *
 * @return string
 */
function event_buffer_read($bevent, $data_size) {}

/**
 * <p>Enables the specified buffered event.</p>
 * <p>(PECL libevent >= 0.0.1)</p>
 *
 * @link https://php.net/event_buffer_enable
 *
 * @param resource $bevent Valid buffered event resource.
 * @param int $events Any combination of EV_READ and EV_WRITE.
 *
 * @return bool returns TRUE on success or FALSE on error.
 */
function event_buffer_enable($bevent, $events) {}

/**
 * <p>Disable a buffered event</p>
 * <p>(PECL libevent >= 0.0.1)</p>
 *
 * <p>Disables the specified buffered event.</p>
 *
 * @link https://php.net/event_buffer_disable
 *
 * @param resource $bevent Valid buffered event resource.
 * @param int $events Any combination of EV_READ and EV_WRITE.
 *
 * @return bool returns TRUE on success or FALSE on error.
 */
function event_buffer_disable($bevent, $events) {}

/**
 * <p>Sets the read and write timeouts for the specified buffered event.</p>
 * <p>(PECL libevent >= 0.0.1)</p>
 *
 * @link https://php.net/event_buffer_timeout_set
 *
 * @param resource $bevent Valid buffered event resource.
 * @param int $read_timeout Read timeout (in seconds).
 * @param int $write_timeout Write timeout (in seconds).
 *
 * @return void
 */
function event_buffer_timeout_set($bevent, $read_timeout, $write_timeout) {}

/**
 * <p>Set the watermarks for read and write events.</p>
 * <p>(PECL libevent >= 0.0.1)</p>
 *
 * <p>Every bufferevent has four watermarks:</p>
 *
 * <p><b>Read low-water mark</b><br/>
 * Whenever a read occurs that leaves the bufferevent's input buffer at this
 * level or higher, the bufferevent's read callback is invoked. Defaults to 0,
 * so that every read results in the read callback being invoked.</p>
 *
 * <p><b>Read high-water mark</b><br/>
 * If the bufferevent's input buffer ever gets to this level, the bufferevent
 * stops reading until enough data is drained from the input buffer to take us
 * below it again. Defaults to unlimited, so that we never stop reading because
 * of the size of the input buffer.</p>
 *
 * <p><b>Write low-water mark</b><br/>
 * Whenever a write occurs that takes us to this level or below, we invoke the write
 * callback. Defaults to 0, so that a write callback is not invoked unless the output
 * buffer is emptied.</p>
 *
 * <p><b>Write high-water mark</b><br/>
 * Not used by a bufferevent directly, this watermark can have special meaning when
 * a bufferevent is used as the underlying transport of another bufferevent.</p>
 *
 * <p>Libevent does not invoke read callback unless there is at least lowmark
 * bytes in the input buffer; if the read buffer is beyond the highmark,
 * reading is stopped. On output, the write callback is invoked whenever
 * the buffered data falls below the lowmark.</p>
 *
 * @link https://php.net/event_buffer_watermark_set
 *
 * @param resource $bevent   Valid buffered event resource.
 * @param int      $events   Any combination of EV_READ and EV_WRITE.
 * @param int      $lowmark  Low watermark.
 * @param int      $highmark High watermark.
 *
 * @return void
 */
function event_buffer_watermark_set($bevent, $events, $lowmark, $highmark) {}

/**
 * <p>Changes the file descriptor on which the buffered event operates.</p>
 * <p>(PECL libevent >= 0.0.1)</p>
 *
 * @link https://php.net/event_buffer_fd_set
 *
 * @param resource $bevent Valid buffered event resource.
 * @param resource $fd Valid PHP stream, must be castable to file descriptor.
 *
 * @return void
 */
function event_buffer_fd_set($bevent, $fd) {}

/**
 * <p>Set or reset callbacks for a buffered event</p>
 * <p>(PECL libevent >= 0.0.4)</p>
 *
 * <p>Sets or changes existing callbacks for the buffered event.</p>
 *
 * @link https://php.net/event_buffer_set_callback
 *
 * @param resource $bevent Valid buffered event resource.
 * @param callable|null $readcb Callback to invoke where there is data to read, or NULL if no callback is desired.
 * @param callable|null $writecb Callback to invoke where the descriptor is ready for writing, or NULL if no callback is desired.
 * @param callable $errorcb Callback to invoke where there is an error on the descriptor, cannot be NULL.
 * @param mixed $arg An argument that will be passed to each of the callbacks (optional).
 *
 * @return bool returns TRUE on success or FALSE on error.
 */
function event_buffer_set_callback($bevent, $readcb, $writecb, $errorcb, $arg = null) {}

/**
 * <p>Alias of {@link event_new}().</p>
 *
 * @return resource|false returns valid event base resource on success or FALSE on error.
 */
function event_timer_new() {}

/**
 * <p>Prepares the timer event to be used in {@link event_add}().</p>
 *
 * <p>The event is prepared to call the function specified by the callback
 * on the timeout event (EV_TIMEOUT).</p>
 *
 * <p>After initializing the event, use {@link event_base_set}() to associate the event with its event base.</p>
 *
 * <p>In case of matching event, these three arguments are passed to the callback function:
 * <table>
 * 	<tr>
 * 		<td><b>$fd</b></td>
 * 		<td>null</td>
 * 	</tr>
 * 	<tr>
 * 		<td><b>$events</b></td>
 * 		<td>A flag indicating the event. EV_TIMEOUT.</td>
 * 	</tr>
 * 	<tr>
 * 		<td><b>$arg</b></td>
 * 		<td>Optional parameter, previously passed to {@link event_timer_set}() as arg.</td>
 * 	</tr>
 * </table>
 * </p>
 *
 * @param resource $event <p>
 * Valid event resource.
 * </p>
 * @param callable $callback <p>
 * Callback function to be called when the matching event occurs.
 * </p>
 * @param mixed $arg [optional] <p>
 * Optional callback parameter.
 * </p>
 *
 * @return void
 */
function event_timer_set($event, $callback, $arg = null) {}

/**
 * <p>Checks if a specific event is pending or scheduled.</p>
 *
 * @param resource $event <p>
 * Valid event resource.
 * </p>
 * @param int $timeout [optional] <p>
 * Optional timeout (in microseconds).
 * </p>
 *
 * @return bool TRUE if event is not scheduled (added) FALSE otherwise
 */
function event_timer_pending($event, $timeout = -1) {}

/**
 * <p>Alias of {@link event_add}().</p>
 *
 * @param resource $event <p>
 * Valid event resource.
 * </p>
 * @param int $timeout [optional] <p>
 * Optional timeout (in microseconds).
 * </p>
 *
 * @return bool returns TRUE on success or FALSE on error.
 */
function event_timer_add($event, $timeout = -1) {}

/**
 * <p>Alias of {@link event_del}().</p>
 *
 * @param resource $event Valid event resource.
 *
 * @return bool returns TRUE on success or FALSE on error.
 */
function event_timer_del($event) {}

// End of PECL libevent v.0.0.4
¿Qué es la limpieza dental de perros? - Clínica veterinaria


Es la eliminación del sarro y la placa adherida a la superficie de los dientes mediante un equipo de ultrasonidos que garantiza la integridad de las piezas dentales a la vez que elimina en profundidad cualquier resto de suciedad.

A continuación se procede al pulido de los dientes mediante una fresa especial que elimina la placa bacteriana y devuelve a los dientes el aspecto sano que deben tener.

Una vez terminado todo el proceso, se mantiene al perro en observación hasta que se despierta de la anestesia, bajo la atenta supervisión de un veterinario.

¿Cada cuánto tiempo tengo que hacerle una limpieza dental a mi perro?

A partir de cierta edad, los perros pueden necesitar una limpieza dental anual o bianual. Depende de cada caso. En líneas generales, puede decirse que los perros de razas pequeñas suelen acumular más sarro y suelen necesitar una atención mayor en cuanto a higiene dental.


Riesgos de una mala higiene


Los riesgos más evidentes de una mala higiene dental en los perros son los siguientes:

  • Cuando la acumulación de sarro no se trata, se puede producir una inflamación y retracción de las encías que puede descalzar el diente y provocar caídas.
  • Mal aliento (halitosis).
  • Sarro perros
  • Puede ir a más
  • Las bacterias de la placa pueden trasladarse a través del torrente circulatorio a órganos vitales como el corazón ocasionando problemas de endocarditis en las válvulas. Las bacterias pueden incluso acantonarse en huesos (La osteomielitis es la infección ósea, tanto cortical como medular) provocando mucho dolor y una artritis séptica).

¿Cómo se forma el sarro?

El sarro es la calcificación de la placa dental. Los restos de alimentos, junto con las bacterias presentes en la boca, van a formar la placa bacteriana o placa dental. Si la placa no se retira, al mezclarse con la saliva y los minerales presentes en ella, reaccionará formando una costra. La placa se calcifica y se forma el sarro.

El sarro, cuando se forma, es de color blanquecino pero a medida que pasa el tiempo se va poniendo amarillo y luego marrón.

Síntomas de una pobre higiene dental
La señal más obvia de una mala salud dental canina es el mal aliento.

Sin embargo, a veces no es tan fácil de detectar
Y hay perros que no se dejan abrir la boca por su dueño. Por ejemplo…

Recientemente nos trajeron a la clínica a un perro que parpadeaba de un ojo y decía su dueño que le picaba un lado de la cara. Tenía molestias y dificultad para comer, lo que había llevado a sus dueños a comprarle comida blanda (que suele ser un poco más cara y llevar más contenido en grasa) durante medio año. Después de una exploración oftalmológica, nos dimos cuenta de que el ojo tenía una úlcera en la córnea probablemente de rascarse . Además, el canto lateral del ojo estaba inflamado. Tenía lo que en humanos llamamos flemón pero como era un perro de pelo largo, no se le notaba a simple vista. Al abrirle la boca nos llamó la atención el ver una muela llena de sarro. Le realizamos una radiografía y encontramos una fístula que llegaba hasta la parte inferior del ojo.

Le tuvimos que extraer la muela. Tras esto, el ojo se curó completamente con unos colirios y una lentilla protectora de úlcera. Afortunadamente, la úlcera no profundizó y no perforó el ojo. Ahora el perro come perfectamente a pesar de haber perdido una muela.

¿Cómo mantener la higiene dental de tu perro?
Hay varias maneras de prevenir problemas derivados de la salud dental de tu perro.

Limpiezas de dientes en casa
Es recomendable limpiar los dientes de tu perro semanal o diariamente si se puede. Existe una gran variedad de productos que se pueden utilizar:

Pastas de dientes.
Cepillos de dientes o dedales para el dedo índice, que hacen más fácil la limpieza.
Colutorios para echar en agua de bebida o directamente sobre el diente en líquido o en spray.

En la Clínica Tus Veterinarios enseñamos a nuestros clientes a tomar el hábito de limpiar los dientes de sus perros desde que son cachorros. Esto responde a nuestro compromiso con la prevención de enfermedades caninas.

Hoy en día tenemos muchos clientes que limpian los dientes todos los días a su mascota, y como resultado, se ahorran el dinero de hacer limpiezas dentales profesionales y consiguen una mejor salud de su perro.


Limpiezas dentales profesionales de perros y gatos

Recomendamos hacer una limpieza dental especializada anualmente. La realizamos con un aparato de ultrasonidos que utiliza agua para quitar el sarro. Después, procedemos a pulir los dientes con un cepillo de alta velocidad y una pasta especial. Hacemos esto para proteger el esmalte.

La frecuencia de limpiezas dentales necesaria varía mucho entre razas. En general, las razas grandes tienen buena calidad de esmalte, por lo que no necesitan hacerlo tan a menudo e incluso pueden pasarse la vida sin requerir una limpieza. Sin embargo, razas pequeñas como el Yorkshire o el Maltés, deben hacérselas todos los años desde cachorros si se quiere conservar sus piezas dentales.

Otro factor fundamental es la calidad del pienso. Algunas marcas han diseñado croquetas que limpian la superficie del diente y de la muela al masticarse.

Ultrasonido para perros

¿Se necesita anestesia para las limpiezas dentales de perros y gatos?

La limpieza dental en perros no es una técnica que pueda practicarse sin anestesia general , aunque hay veces que los propietarios no quieren anestesiar y si tiene poco sarro y el perro es muy bueno se puede intentar…… , pero no se va a poder pulir ni acceder a todas la zona de la boca …. Además los limpiadores dentales van a irrigar agua y hay riesgo de aspiración a vías respiratorias si no se realiza una anestesia correcta con intubación traqueal . En resumen , sin anestesia no se va hacer una correcta limpieza dental.

Tampoco sirve la sedación ya que necesitamos que el animal esté totalmente quieto, y el veterinario tenga un acceso completo a todas sus piezas dentales y encías.

Alimentos para la limpieza dental

Hay que tener cierto cuidado a la hora de comprar determinados alimentos porque no todos son saludables. Algunos tienen demasiado contenido graso, que en exceso puede causar problemas cardiovasculares y obesidad.

Los mejores alimentos para los dientes son aquellos que están elaborados por empresas farmacéuticas y llevan componentes químicos con tratamientos específicos para el diente del perro. Esto implica no solo limpieza a través de la acción mecánica de morder sino también un tratamiento antibacteriano para prevenir el sarro.

Conclusión

Si eres como la mayoría de dueños, por falta de tiempo , es probable que no estés prestando la suficiente atención a la limpieza dental de tu perro. Por eso te animamos a que comiences a limpiar los dientes de tu perro y consideres atender a su higiene bucal con frecuencia.

Estas simples medidas pueden conllevar a que tu perro tenga una vida más larga y mucho más saludable.

Si te resulta imposible introducir un cepillo de dientes a tu perro en la boca, pásate con él por clínica Tus Veterinarios y te explicamos cómo hacerlo.

Necesitas hacer una limpieza dental profesional a tu mascota?
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