Current File : //var/www/prestashop/modules/mbeshipping/vendor/dompdf/dompdf/src/Adapter/PDFLib.php
<?php
/**
 * @package dompdf
 * @link    http://dompdf.github.com/
 * @author  Benj Carson <benjcarson@digitaljunkies.ca>
 * @author  Helmut Tischer <htischer@weihenstephan.org>
 * @license http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/lesser.html GNU Lesser General Public License
 */

namespace Dompdf\Adapter;

use Dompdf\Canvas;
use Dompdf\Dompdf;
use Dompdf\Helpers;
use Dompdf\Exception;
use Dompdf\Image\Cache;
use Dompdf\PhpEvaluator;

/**
 * PDF rendering interface
 *
 * Dompdf\Adapter\PDFLib provides a simple, stateless interface to the one
 * provided by PDFLib.
 *
 * Unless otherwise mentioned, all dimensions are in points (1/72 in).
 * The coordinate origin is in the top left corner and y values
 * increase downwards.
 *
 * See {@link http://www.pdflib.com/} for more complete documentation
 * on the underlying PDFlib functions.
 *
 * @package dompdf
 */
class PDFLib implements Canvas
{

    /**
     * Dimensions of paper sizes in points
     *
     * @var array;
     */
    public static $PAPER_SIZES = []; // Set to Dompdf\Adapter\CPDF::$PAPER_SIZES below.

    /**
     * Whether to create PDFs in memory or on disk
     *
     * @var bool
     */
    static $IN_MEMORY = true;

    /**
     * Saves the major version of PDFLib for compatibility requests
     *
     * @var null|int
     */
    protected static $MAJOR_VERSION = null;


    /**
     * Transforms the list of native fonts into PDFLib compatible names (casesensitive)
     *
     * @var array
     */
    public static $nativeFontsTpPDFLib = [
        "courier"               => "Courier",
        "courier-bold"          => "Courier-Bold",
        "courier-oblique"       => "Courier-Oblique",
        "courier-boldoblique"   => "Courier-BoldOblique",
        "helvetica"             => "Helvetica",
        "helvetica-bold"        => "Helvetica-Bold",
        "helvetica-oblique"     => "Helvetica-Oblique",
        "helvetica-boldoblique" => "Helvetica-BoldOblique",
        "times"                 => "Times-Roman",
        "times-roman"           => "Times-Roman",
        "times-bold"            => "Times-Bold",
        "times-italic"          => "Times-Italic",
        "times-bolditalic"      => "Times-BoldItalic",
        "symbol"                => "Symbol",
        "zapfdinbats"           => "ZapfDingbats",
        "zapfdingbats"          => "ZapfDingbats",
    ];

    /**
     * @var \Dompdf\Dompdf
     */
    protected $_dompdf;

    /**
     * Instance of PDFLib class
     *
     * @var \PDFLib
     */
    protected $_pdf;

    /**
     * Name of temporary file used for PDFs created on disk
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected $_file;

    /**
     * PDF width, in points
     *
     * @var float
     */
    protected $_width;

    /**
     * PDF height, in points
     *
     * @var float
     */
    protected $_height;

    /**
     * Last fill color used
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $_last_fill_color;

    /**
     * Last stroke color used
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $_last_stroke_color;

    /**
     * The current opacity level
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $_current_opacity;

    /**
     * Cache of image handles
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $_imgs;

    /**
     * Cache of font handles
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $_fonts;

    /**
     * Cache of fontFile checks
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $_fontsFiles;

    /**
     * List of objects (templates) to add to multiple pages
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $_objs;

    /**
     * List of gstate objects created for this PDF (for reuse)
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $_gstates = [];

    /**
     * Current page number
     *
     * @var int
     */
    protected $_page_number;

    /**
     * Total number of pages
     *
     * @var int
     */
    protected $_page_count;

    /**
     * Text to display on every page
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $_page_text;

    /**
     * Array of pages for accesing after rendering is initially complete
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $_pages;

    /**
     * Class constructor
     *
     * @param string|array $paper The size of paper to use either a string (see {@link Dompdf\Adapter\CPDF::$PAPER_SIZES}) or
     *                            an array(xmin,ymin,xmax,ymax)
     * @param string $orientation The orientation of the document (either 'landscape' or 'portrait')
     * @param Dompdf $dompdf
     */
    public function __construct($paper = "letter", $orientation = "portrait", Dompdf $dompdf = null)
    {
        if (is_array($paper)) {
            $size = $paper;
        } elseif (isset(self::$PAPER_SIZES[mb_strtolower($paper)])) {
            $size = self::$PAPER_SIZES[mb_strtolower($paper)];
        } else {
            $size = self::$PAPER_SIZES["letter"];
        }

        if (mb_strtolower($orientation) === "landscape") {
            list($size[2], $size[3]) = [$size[3], $size[2]];
        }

        $this->_width = $size[2] - $size[0];
        $this->_height = $size[3] - $size[1];

        if ($dompdf === null) {
            $this->_dompdf = new Dompdf();
        } else {
            $this->_dompdf = $dompdf;
        }

        $this->_pdf = new \PDFLib();

        $license = $dompdf->getOptions()->getPdflibLicense();
        if (strlen($license) > 0) {
            $this->setPDFLibParameter("license", $license);
        }

        $this->setPDFLibParameter("textformat", "utf8");
        if ($this->getPDFLibMajorVersion() >= 7) {
            $this->setPDFLibParameter("errorpolicy", "return");
            //            $this->_pdf->set_option('logging={filename=' . \APP_PATH . '/logs/pdflib.log classes={api=1 warning=2}}');
            //            $this->_pdf->set_option('errorpolicy=exception');
        } else {
            $this->setPDFLibParameter("fontwarning", "false");
        }

        $searchPath = $this->_dompdf->getOptions()->getFontDir();
        if (empty($searchPath) === false) {
            $this->_pdf->set_option('searchpath={' . $searchPath . '}');
        }

        // fetch PDFLib version information for the producer field
        $this->_pdf->set_info("Producer Addendum", sprintf("%s + PDFLib %s", $dompdf->version, $this->getPDFLibMajorVersion()));

        // Silence pedantic warnings about missing TZ settings
        $tz = @date_default_timezone_get();
        date_default_timezone_set("UTC");
        $this->_pdf->set_info("Date", date("Y-m-d"));
        date_default_timezone_set($tz);

        if (self::$IN_MEMORY) {
            $this->_pdf->begin_document("", "");
        } else {
            $tmp_dir = $this->_dompdf->getOptions()->getTempDir();
            $tmp_name = @tempnam($tmp_dir, "libdompdf_pdf_");
            @unlink($tmp_name);
            $this->_file = "$tmp_name.pdf";
            $this->_pdf->begin_document($this->_file, "");
        }

        $this->_pdf->begin_page_ext($this->_width, $this->_height, "");

        $this->_page_number = $this->_page_count = 1;
        $this->_page_text = [];

        $this->_imgs = [];
        $this->_fonts = [];
        $this->_objs = [];
    }

    /**
     * @return Dompdf
     */
    function get_dompdf()
    {
        return $this->_dompdf;
    }

    /**
     * Close the pdf
     */
    protected function _close()
    {
        $this->_place_objects();

        // Close all pages
        $this->_pdf->suspend_page("");
        for ($p = 1; $p <= $this->_page_count; $p++) {
            $this->_pdf->resume_page("pagenumber=$p");
            $this->_pdf->end_page_ext("");
        }

        $this->_pdf->end_document("");
    }


    /**
     * Returns the PDFLib instance
     *
     * @return PDFLib
     */
    public function get_pdflib()
    {
        return $this->_pdf;
    }

    /**
     * Add meta information to the PDF
     *
     * @param string $label label of the value (Creator, Producter, etc.)
     * @param string $value the text to set
     */
    public function add_info($label, $value)
    {
        $this->_pdf->set_info($label, $value);
    }

    /**
     * Opens a new 'object' (template in PDFLib-speak)
     *
     * While an object is open, all drawing actions are recorded to the
     * object instead of being drawn on the current page.  Objects can
     * be added later to a specific page or to several pages.
     *
     * The return value is an integer ID for the new object.
     *
     * @see PDFLib::close_object()
     * @see PDFLib::add_object()
     *
     * @return int
     */
    public function open_object()
    {
        $this->_pdf->suspend_page("");
        if ($this->getPDFLibMajorVersion() >= 7) {
            $ret = $this->_pdf->begin_template_ext($this->_width, $this->_height, null);
        } else {
            $ret = $this->_pdf->begin_template($this->_width, $this->_height);
        }
        $this->_pdf->save();
        $this->_objs[$ret] = ["start_page" => $this->_page_number];

        return $ret;
    }

    /**
     * Reopen an existing object (NOT IMPLEMENTED)
     * PDFLib does not seem to support reopening templates.
     *
     * @param int $object the ID of a previously opened object
     *
     * @throws Exception
     * @return void
     */
    public function reopen_object($object)
    {
        throw new Exception("PDFLib does not support reopening objects.");
    }

    /**
     * Close the current template
     *
     * @see PDFLib::open_object()
     */
    public function close_object()
    {
        $this->_pdf->restore();
        if ($this->getPDFLibMajorVersion() >= 7) {
            $this->_pdf->end_template_ext($this->_width, $this->_height);
        } else {
            $this->_pdf->end_template();
        }
        $this->_pdf->resume_page("pagenumber=" . $this->_page_number);
    }

    /**
     * Adds the specified object to the document
     *
     * $where can be one of:
     * - 'add' add to current page only
     * - 'all' add to every page from the current one onwards
     * - 'odd' add to all odd numbered pages from now on
     * - 'even' add to all even numbered pages from now on
     * - 'next' add the object to the next page only
     * - 'nextodd' add to all odd numbered pages from the next one
     * - 'nexteven' add to all even numbered pages from the next one
     *
     * @param int    $object the object handle returned by open_object()
     * @param string $where
     */
    public function add_object($object, $where = 'all')
    {

        if (mb_strpos($where, "next") !== false) {
            $this->_objs[$object]["start_page"]++;
            $where = str_replace("next", "", $where);
            if ($where == "") {
                $where = "add";
            }
        }

        $this->_objs[$object]["where"] = $where;
    }

    /**
     * Stops the specified template from appearing in the document.
     *
     * The object will stop being displayed on the page following the
     * current one.
     *
     * @param int $object
     */
    public function stop_object($object)
    {

        if (!isset($this->_objs[$object])) {
            return;
        }

        $start = $this->_objs[$object]["start_page"];
        $where = $this->_objs[$object]["where"];

        // Place the object on this page if required
        if ($this->_page_number >= $start &&
            (($this->_page_number % 2 == 0 && $where === "even") ||
                ($this->_page_number % 2 == 1 && $where === "odd") ||
                ($where === "all"))
        ) {
            $this->_pdf->fit_image($object, 0, 0, "");
        }

        $this->_objs[$object] = null;
        unset($this->_objs[$object]);
    }

    /**
     * Add all active objects to the current page
     */
    protected function _place_objects()
    {

        foreach ($this->_objs as $obj => $props) {
            $start = $props["start_page"];
            $where = $props["where"];

            // Place the object on this page if required
            if ($this->_page_number >= $start &&
                (($this->_page_number % 2 == 0 && $where === "even") ||
                    ($this->_page_number % 2 == 1 && $where === "odd") ||
                    ($where === "all"))
            ) {
                $this->_pdf->fit_image($obj, 0, 0, "");
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @return float|mixed
     */
    public function get_width()
    {
        return $this->_width;
    }

    /**
     * @return float|mixed
     */
    public function get_height()
    {
        return $this->_height;
    }

    /**
     * @return int
     */
    public function get_page_number()
    {
        return $this->_page_number;
    }

    /**
     * @return int
     */
    public function get_page_count()
    {
        return $this->_page_count;
    }

    /**
     * @param $num
     */
    public function set_page_number($num)
    {
        $this->_page_number = (int)$num;
    }

    /**
     * @param int $count
     */
    public function set_page_count($count)
    {
        $this->_page_count = (int)$count;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the line style
     *
     * @param float  $width
     * @param        $cap
     * @param string $join
     * @param array  $dash
     *
     * @return void
     */
    protected function _set_line_style($width, $cap, $join, $dash)
    {
        if (!is_array($dash)) {
            $dash = array();
        }

        if (count($dash) == 1) {
            $dash[] = $dash[0];
        }

        if ($this->getPDFLibMajorVersion() >= 9) {
            if (count($dash) > 1) {
                $this->_pdf->set_graphics_option("dasharray={" . implode(" ", $dash) . "}");
            } else {
                $this->_pdf->set_graphics_option("dasharray=none");
            }
        } else {
            if (count($dash) > 1) {
                $this->_pdf->setdashpattern("dasharray={" . implode(" ", $dash) . "}");
            } else {
                $this->_pdf->setdash(0, 0);
            }
        }

        switch ($join) {
            case "miter":
                if ($this->getPDFLibMajorVersion() >= 9) {
                    $this->_pdf->set_graphics_option('linejoin=0');
                } else {
                    $this->_pdf->setlinejoin(0);
                }
                break;

            case "round":
                if ($this->getPDFLibMajorVersion() >= 9) {
                    $this->_pdf->set_graphics_option('linejoin=1');
                } else {
                    $this->_pdf->setlinejoin(1);
                }
                break;

            case "bevel":
                if ($this->getPDFLibMajorVersion() >= 9) {
                    $this->_pdf->set_graphics_option('linejoin=2');
                } else {
                    $this->_pdf->setlinejoin(2);
                }
                break;

            default:
                break;
        }

        switch ($cap) {
            case "butt":
                if ($this->getPDFLibMajorVersion() >= 9) {
                    $this->_pdf->set_graphics_option('linecap=0');
                } else {
                    $this->_pdf->setlinecap(0);
                }
                break;

            case "round":
                if ($this->getPDFLibMajorVersion() >= 9) {
                    $this->_pdf->set_graphics_option('linecap=1');
                } else {
                    $this->_pdf->setlinecap(1);
                }
                break;

            case "square":
                if ($this->getPDFLibMajorVersion() >= 9) {
                    $this->_pdf->set_graphics_option('linecap=2');
                } else {
                    $this->_pdf->setlinecap(2);
                }
                break;

            default:
                break;
        }

        $this->_pdf->setlinewidth($width);
    }

    /**
     * Sets the line color
     *
     * @param array $color array(r,g,b)
     */
    protected function _set_stroke_color($color)
    {
        // TODO: we should check the current PDF stroke color
        // instead of the cached value
        if ($this->_last_stroke_color == $color) {
            // FIXME: do nothing, this optimization is broken by the
            // stroke being set as a side effect of other operations
            //return;
        }

        $alpha = isset($color["alpha"]) ? $color["alpha"] : 1;
        if (isset($this->_current_opacity)) {
            $alpha *= $this->_current_opacity;
        }

        $this->_last_stroke_color = $color;

        if (isset($color[3])) {
            $type = "cmyk";
            list($c1, $c2, $c3, $c4) = [$color[0], $color[1], $color[2], $color[3]];
        } elseif (isset($color[2])) {
            $type = "rgb";
            list($c1, $c2, $c3, $c4) = [$color[0], $color[1], $color[2], null];
        } else {
            $type = "gray";
            list($c1, $c2, $c3, $c4) = [$color[0], $color[1], null, null];
        }

        $this->_set_stroke_opacity($alpha, "Normal");
        $this->_pdf->setcolor("stroke", $type, $c1, $c2, $c3, $c4);
    }

    /**
     * Sets the fill color
     *
     * @param array $color array(r,g,b)
     */
    protected function _set_fill_color($color)
    {
        // TODO: we should check the current PDF fill color
        // instead of the cached value
        if ($this->_last_fill_color == $color) {
            // FIXME: do nothing, this optimization is broken by the
            // fill being set as a side effect of other operations
            //return;
        }

        $alpha = isset($color["alpha"]) ? $color["alpha"] : 1;
        if (isset($this->_current_opacity)) {
            $alpha *= $this->_current_opacity;
        }

        $this->_last_fill_color = $color;

        if (isset($color[3])) {
            $type = "cmyk";
            list($c1, $c2, $c3, $c4) = [$color[0], $color[1], $color[2], $color[3]];
        } elseif (isset($color[2])) {
            $type = "rgb";
            list($c1, $c2, $c3, $c4) = [$color[0], $color[1], $color[2], null];
        } else {
            $type = "gray";
            list($c1, $c2, $c3, $c4) = [$color[0], $color[1], null, null];
        }

        $this->_set_fill_opacity($alpha, "Normal");
        $this->_pdf->setcolor("fill", $type, $c1, $c2, $c3, $c4);
    }

    /**
     * Sets the fill opacity
     *
     * @param $opacity
     * @param $mode
     */
    public function _set_fill_opacity($opacity, $mode = "Normal")
    {
        if ($mode === "Normal" && is_null($opacity) === false) {
            $this->_set_gstate("opacityfill=$opacity");
        }
    }

    /**
     * Sets the stroke opacity
     *
     * @param $opacity
     * @param $mode
     */
    public function _set_stroke_opacity($opacity, $mode = "Normal")
    {
        if ($mode === "Normal" && is_null($opacity) === false) {
            $this->_set_gstate("opacitystroke=$opacity");
        }
    }

    /**
     * Sets the opacity
     *
     * @param $opacity
     * @param $mode
     */
    public function set_opacity($opacity, $mode = "Normal")
    {
        if ($mode === "Normal" && is_null($opacity) === false) {
            $this->_set_gstate("opacityfill=$opacity opacitystroke=$opacity");
            $this->_current_opacity = $opacity;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Sets the gstate
     *
     * @param $gstate_options
     * @return int
     */
    public function _set_gstate($gstate_options)
    {
        if (($gstate = array_search($gstate_options, $this->_gstates)) === false) {
            $gstate = $this->_pdf->create_gstate($gstate_options);
            $this->_gstates[$gstate] = $gstate_options;
        }

        return $this->_pdf->set_gstate($gstate);
    }

    public function set_default_view($view, $options = [])
    {
        // TODO
        // http://www.pdflib.com/fileadmin/pdflib/pdf/manuals/PDFlib-8.0.2-API-reference.pdf
        /**
         * fitheight Fit the page height to the window, with the x coordinate left at the left edge of the window.
         * fitrect Fit the rectangle specified by left, bottom, right, and top to the window.
         * fitvisible Fit the visible contents of the page (the ArtBox) to the window.
         * fitvisibleheight Fit the visible contents of the page to the window with the x coordinate left at the left edge of the window.
         * fitvisiblewidth Fit the visible contents of the page to the window with the y coordinate top at the top edge of the window.
         * fitwidth Fit the page width to the window, with the y coordinate top at the top edge of the window.
         * fitwindow Fit the complete page to the window.
         * fixed
         */
        //$this->setPDFLibParameter("openaction", $view);
    }

    /**
     * Loads a specific font and stores the corresponding descriptor.
     *
     * @param string $font
     * @param string $encoding
     * @param string $options
     *
     * @return int the font descriptor for the font
     */
    protected function _load_font($font, $encoding = null, $options = "")
    {
        // Fix for PDFLibs case-sensitive font names
        $baseFont = basename($font);
        $isNativeFont = false;
        if (isset(self::$nativeFontsTpPDFLib[$baseFont])) {
            $font = self::$nativeFontsTpPDFLib[$baseFont];
            $isNativeFont = true;
        }

        // Check if the font is a native PDF font
        // Embed non-native fonts
        $test = strtolower($baseFont);
        if (in_array($test, DOMPDF::$nativeFonts)) {
            $font = basename($font);
        } else {
            // Embed non-native fonts
            $options .= " embedding=true";
        }

        $options .= " autosubsetting=" . ($this->_dompdf->getOptions()->getIsFontSubsettingEnabled() === false ? "false" : "true");

        if (is_null($encoding)) {
            // Unicode encoding is only available for the commerical
            // version of PDFlib and not PDFlib-Lite
            if (strlen($this->_dompdf->getOptions()->getPdflibLicense()) > 0) {
                $encoding = "unicode";
            } else {
                $encoding = "auto";
            }
        }

        $key = "$font:$encoding:$options";
        if (isset($this->_fonts[$key])) {
            return $this->_fonts[$key];
        }

        // Native fonts are build in, just load it
        if ($isNativeFont) {
            $this->_fonts[$key] = $this->_pdf->load_font($font, $encoding, $options);

            return $this->_fonts[$key];
        }

        $fontOutline = $this->getPDFLibParameter("FontOutline", 1);
        if ($fontOutline === "" || $fontOutline <= 0) {
            $families = $this->_dompdf->getFontMetrics()->getFontFamilies();
            foreach ($families as $files) {
                foreach ($files as $file) {
                    $face = basename($file);
                    $afm = null;

                    if (isset($this->_fontsFiles[$face])) {
                        continue;
                    }

                    // Prefer ttfs to afms
                    if (file_exists("$file.ttf")) {
                        $outline = "$file.ttf";
                    } elseif (file_exists("$file.TTF")) {
                        $outline = "$file.TTF";
                    } elseif (file_exists("$file.pfb")) {
                        $outline = "$file.pfb";
                        if (file_exists("$file.afm")) {
                            $afm = "$file.afm";
                        }
                    } elseif (file_exists("$file.PFB")) {
                        $outline = "$file.PFB";
                        if (file_exists("$file.AFM")) {
                            $afm = "$file.AFM";
                        }
                    } else {
                        continue;
                    }

                    $this->_fontsFiles[$face] = true;

                    if ($this->getPDFLibMajorVersion() >= 9) {
                        $this->setPDFLibParameter("FontOutline", '{' . "$face=$outline" . '}');
                    } else {
                        $this->setPDFLibParameter("FontOutline", "\{$face\}=\{$outline\}");
                    }

                    if (is_null($afm)) {
                        continue;
                    }
                    if ($this->getPDFLibMajorVersion() >= 9) {
                        $this->setPDFLibParameter("FontAFM", '{' . "$face=$afm" . '}');
                    } else {
                        $this->setPDFLibParameter("FontAFM", "\{$face\}=\{$afm\}");
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        $this->_fonts[$key] = $this->_pdf->load_font($font, $encoding, $options);

        return $this->_fonts[$key];
    }

    /**
     * Remaps y coords from 4th to 1st quadrant
     *
     * @param float $y
     * @return float
     */
    protected function y($y)
    {
        return $this->_height - $y;
    }

    /**
     * @param float $x1
     * @param float $y1
     * @param float $x2
     * @param float $y2
     * @param array $color
     * @param float $width
     * @param array $style
     */
    public function line($x1, $y1, $x2, $y2, $color, $width, $style = null)
    {
        $this->_set_line_style($width, "butt", "", $style);
        $this->_set_stroke_color($color);

        $y1 = $this->y($y1);
        $y2 = $this->y($y2);

        $this->_pdf->moveto($x1, $y1);
        $this->_pdf->lineto($x2, $y2);
        $this->_pdf->stroke();

        $this->_set_stroke_opacity($this->_current_opacity, "Normal");
    }

    /**
     * Draw line at the specified coordinates on every page.
     *
     * See {@link Style::munge_color()} for the format of the colour array.
     *
     * @param float $x1
     * @param float $y1
     * @param float $x2
     * @param float $y2
     * @param array $color
     * @param float $width
     * @param array $style optional
     */
    public function page_line($x1, $y1, $x2, $y2, $color, $width, $style = [])
    {
        $_t = 'line';
        $this->_page_text[] = compact('_t', 'x1', 'y1', 'x2', 'y2', 'color', 'width', 'style');
    }

    /**
     * @param float $x1
     * @param float $y1
     * @param float $r1
     * @param float $r2
     * @param float $astart
     * @param float $aend
     * @param array $color
     * @param float $width
     * @param array $style
     */
    public function arc($x1, $y1, $r1, $r2, $astart, $aend, $color, $width, $style = [])
    {
        $this->_set_line_style($width, "butt", "", $style);
        $this->_set_stroke_color($color);

        $y1 = $this->y($y1);

        $this->_pdf->arc($x1, $y1, $r1, $astart, $aend);
        $this->_pdf->stroke();

        $this->_set_stroke_opacity($this->_current_opacity, "Normal");
    }

    /**
     * @param float $x1
     * @param float $y1
     * @param float $w
     * @param float $h
     * @param array $color
     * @param float $width
     * @param null  $style
     */
    public function rectangle($x1, $y1, $w, $h, $color, $width, $style = null)
    {
        $this->_set_stroke_color($color);
        $this->_set_line_style($width, "butt", "", $style);

        $y1 = $this->y($y1) - $h;

        $this->_pdf->rect($x1, $y1, $w, $h);
        $this->_pdf->stroke();

        $this->_set_stroke_opacity($this->_current_opacity, "Normal");
    }

    /**
     * @param float $x1
     * @param float $y1
     * @param float $w
     * @param float $h
     * @param array $color
     */
    public function filled_rectangle($x1, $y1, $w, $h, $color)
    {
        $this->_set_fill_color($color);

        $y1 = $this->y($y1) - $h;

        $this->_pdf->rect(floatval($x1), floatval($y1), floatval($w), floatval($h));
        $this->_pdf->fill();

        $this->_set_fill_opacity($this->_current_opacity, "Normal");
    }

    /**
     * @param float $x1
     * @param float $y1
     * @param float $w
     * @param float $h
     */
    public function clipping_rectangle($x1, $y1, $w, $h)
    {
        $this->_pdf->save();

        $y1 = $this->y($y1) - $h;

        $this->_pdf->rect(floatval($x1), floatval($y1), floatval($w), floatval($h));
        $this->_pdf->clip();
    }

    /**
     * @param float $x1
     * @param float $y1
     * @param float $w
     * @param float $h
     * @param float $rTL
     * @param float $rTR
     * @param float $rBR
     * @param float $rBL
     */
    public function clipping_roundrectangle($x1, $y1, $w, $h, $rTL, $rTR, $rBR, $rBL)
    {
        if ($this->getPDFLibMajorVersion() < 9) {
            //TODO: add PDFLib7 support
            $this->clipping_rectangle($x1, $y1, $w, $h);
            return;
        }

        $this->_pdf->save();

        // we use 0,0 for the base coordinates for the path points
        // since we're drawing the path at the $x1,$y1 coordinates

        $path = 0;
        //start: left edge, top end
        $path = $this->_pdf->add_path_point($path, 0, 0 - $rTL + $h, "move", "");
        // line: left edge, bottom end
        $path = $this->_pdf->add_path_point($path, 0, 0 + $rBL, "line", "");
        // curve: bottom-left corner
        $path = $this->_pdf->add_path_point($path, 0 + $rBL, 0, "elliptical", "radius=$rBL clockwise=false");
        // line: bottom edge, left end
        $path = $this->_pdf->add_path_point($path, 0 - $rBR + $w, 0, "line", "");
        // curve: bottom-right corner
        $path = $this->_pdf->add_path_point($path, 0 + $w, 0 + $rBR, "elliptical", "radius=$rBR clockwise=false");
        // line: right edge, top end
        $path = $this->_pdf->add_path_point($path, 0 + $w, 0 - $rTR + $h, "line", "");
        // curve: top-right corner
        $path = $this->_pdf->add_path_point($path, 0 - $rTR + $w, 0 +$h, "elliptical", "radius=$rTR clockwise=false");
        // line: top edge, left end
        $path = $this->_pdf->add_path_point($path, 0 + $rTL, 0 + $h, "line", "");
        // curve: top-left corner
        $path = $this->_pdf->add_path_point($path, 0, 0 - $rTL + $h, "elliptical", "radius=$rTL clockwise=false");
        $this->_pdf->draw_path($path, $x1, $this->_height-$y1-$h, "clip=true");
    }

    /**
     *
     */
    public function clipping_end()
    {
        $this->_pdf->restore();
    }

    /**
     *
     */
    public function save()
    {
        $this->_pdf->save();
    }

    function restore()
    {
        $this->_pdf->restore();
    }

    /**
     * @param $angle
     * @param $x
     * @param $y
     */
    public function rotate($angle, $x, $y)
    {
        $pdf = $this->_pdf;
        $pdf->translate($x, $this->_height - $y);
        $pdf->rotate(-$angle);
        $pdf->translate(-$x, -$this->_height + $y);
    }

    /**
     * @param $angle_x
     * @param $angle_y
     * @param $x
     * @param $y
     */
    public function skew($angle_x, $angle_y, $x, $y)
    {
        $pdf = $this->_pdf;
        $pdf->translate($x, $this->_height - $y);
        $pdf->skew($angle_y, $angle_x); // Needs to be inverted
        $pdf->translate(-$x, -$this->_height + $y);
    }

    /**
     * @param $s_x
     * @param $s_y
     * @param $x
     * @param $y
     */
    public function scale($s_x, $s_y, $x, $y)
    {
        $pdf = $this->_pdf;
        $pdf->translate($x, $this->_height - $y);
        $pdf->scale($s_x, $s_y);
        $pdf->translate(-$x, -$this->_height + $y);
    }

    /**
     * @param $t_x
     * @param $t_y
     */
    public function translate($t_x, $t_y)
    {
        $this->_pdf->translate($t_x, -$t_y);
    }

    /**
     * @param $a
     * @param $b
     * @param $c
     * @param $d
     * @param $e
     * @param $f
     */
    public function transform($a, $b, $c, $d, $e, $f)
    {
        $this->_pdf->concat($a, $b, $c, $d, $e, $f);
    }

    /**
     * @param array $points
     * @param array $color
     * @param null  $width
     * @param null  $style
     * @param bool  $fill
     */
    public function polygon($points, $color, $width = null, $style = null, $fill = false)
    {
        $this->_set_fill_color($color);
        $this->_set_stroke_color($color);

        if (!$fill && isset($width)) {
            $this->_set_line_style($width, "square", "miter", $style);
        }

        $y = $this->y(array_pop($points));
        $x = array_pop($points);
        $this->_pdf->moveto($x, $y);

        while (count($points) > 1) {
            $y = $this->y(array_pop($points));
            $x = array_pop($points);
            $this->_pdf->lineto($x, $y);
        }

        if ($fill) {
            $this->_pdf->fill();
        } else {
            $this->_pdf->closepath_stroke();
        }

        $this->_set_fill_opacity($this->_current_opacity, "Normal");
        $this->_set_stroke_opacity($this->_current_opacity, "Normal");
    }

    /**
     * @param float $x
     * @param float $y
     * @param float $r
     * @param array $color
     * @param null  $width
     * @param null  $style
     * @param bool  $fill
     */
    public function circle($x, $y, $r, $color, $width = null, $style = null, $fill = false)
    {
        $this->_set_fill_color($color);
        $this->_set_stroke_color($color);

        if (!$fill && isset($width)) {
            $this->_set_line_style($width, "round", "round", $style);
        }

        $y = $this->y($y);

        $this->_pdf->circle($x, $y, $r);

        if ($fill) {
            $this->_pdf->fill();
        } else {
            $this->_pdf->stroke();
        }

        $this->_set_fill_opacity($this->_current_opacity, "Normal");
        $this->_set_stroke_opacity($this->_current_opacity, "Normal");
    }

    /**
     * @param string $img_url
     * @param float  $x
     * @param float  $y
     * @param int    $w
     * @param int    $h
     * @param string $resolution
     */
    public function image($img_url, $x, $y, $w, $h, $resolution = "normal")
    {
        $w = (int)$w;
        $h = (int)$h;

        $img_type = Cache::detect_type($img_url, $this->get_dompdf()->getHttpContext());

        if (!isset($this->_imgs[$img_url])) {
            if (strtolower($img_type) === "svg") {
                //FIXME: PDFLib loads SVG but returns error message "Function must not be called in 'page' scope"
                $image_load_response = $this->_pdf->load_graphics($img_type, $img_url, "");
            } else {
                $image_load_response = $this->_pdf->load_image($img_type, $img_url, "");
            }
            if ($image_load_response === 0) {
                //TODO: should do something with the error message
                $error = $this->_pdf->get_errmsg();
                return;
            }
            $this->_imgs[$img_url] = $image_load_response;
        }

        $img = $this->_imgs[$img_url];

        $y = $this->y($y) - $h;
        if (strtolower($img_type) === "svg") {
            $this->_pdf->fit_graphics($img, $x, $y, 'boxsize={' . "$w $h" . '} fitmethod=entire');
        } else {
            $this->_pdf->fit_image($img, $x, $y, 'boxsize={' . "$w $h" . '} fitmethod=entire');
        }
    }

    /**
     * @param float  $x
     * @param float  $y
     * @param string $text
     * @param string $font
     * @param float  $size
     * @param array  $color
     * @param int    $word_spacing
     * @param int    $char_spacing
     * @param int    $angle
     */
    public function text($x, $y, $text, $font, $size, $color = [0, 0, 0], $word_spacing = 0, $char_spacing = 0, $angle = 0)
    {
        $fh = $this->_load_font($font);

        $this->_pdf->setfont($fh, $size);
        $this->_set_fill_color($color);

        $y = $this->y($y) - $this->get_font_height($font, $size);

        $word_spacing = (float)$word_spacing;
        $char_spacing = (float)$char_spacing;
        $angle = -(float)$angle;

        $this->_pdf->fit_textline($text, $x, $y, "rotate=$angle wordspacing=$word_spacing charspacing=$char_spacing ");

        $this->_set_fill_opacity($this->_current_opacity, "Normal");
    }

    /**
     * @param string $code
     */
    public function javascript($code)
    {
        if (strlen($this->_dompdf->getOptions()->getPdflibLicense()) > 0) {
            $this->_pdf->create_action("JavaScript", $code);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Add a named destination (similar to <a name="foo">...</a> in html)
     *
     * @param string $anchorname The name of the named destination
     */
    public function add_named_dest($anchorname)
    {
        $this->_pdf->add_nameddest($anchorname, "");
    }

    /**
     * Add a link to the pdf
     *
     * @param string $url    The url to link to
     * @param float  $x      The x position of the link
     * @param float  $y      The y position of the link
     * @param float  $width  The width of the link
     * @param float  $height The height of the link
     */
    public function add_link($url, $x, $y, $width, $height)
    {
        $y = $this->y($y) - $height;
        if (strpos($url, '#') === 0) {
            // Local link
            $name = substr($url, 1);
            if ($name) {
                $this->_pdf->create_annotation($x, $y, $x + $width, $y + $height, 'Link',
                    "contents={$url} destname=" . substr($url, 1) . " linewidth=0");
            }
        } else {
            list($proto, $host, $path, $file) = Helpers::explode_url($url);

            if ($proto === "" || $proto === "file://") {
                return; // Local links are not allowed
            }
            $url = Helpers::build_url($proto, $host, $path, $file);
            $url = '{' . rawurldecode($url) . '}';

            $action = $this->_pdf->create_action("URI", "url=" . $url);
            $this->_pdf->create_annotation($x, $y, $x + $width, $y + $height, 'Link', "contents={$url} action={activate=$action} linewidth=0");
        }
    }

    /**
     * @param string $text
     * @param string $font
     * @param float  $size
     * @param float  $word_spacing
     * @param float  $letter_spacing
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function get_text_width($text, $font, $size, $word_spacing = 0, $letter_spacing = 0)
    {
        $fh = $this->_load_font($font);

        // Determine the additional width due to extra spacing
        $num_spaces = mb_substr_count($text, " ");
        $delta = $word_spacing * $num_spaces;

        if ($letter_spacing) {
            $num_chars = mb_strlen($text);
            $delta += $num_chars * $letter_spacing;
        }

        return $this->_pdf->stringwidth($text, $fh, $size) + $delta;
    }

    /**
     * @param string $font
     * @param float  $size
     * @return float
     */
    public function get_font_height($font, $size)
    {
        $fh = $this->_load_font($font);

        $this->_pdf->setfont($fh, $size);

        $asc = $this->_pdf->info_font($fh, "ascender", "fontsize=$size");
        $desc = $this->_pdf->info_font($fh, "descender", "fontsize=$size");

        // $desc is usually < 0,
        $ratio = $this->_dompdf->getOptions()->getFontHeightRatio();

        return (abs($asc) + abs($desc)) * $ratio;
    }

    /**
     * @param string $font
     * @param float  $size
     * @return float
     */
    public function get_font_baseline($font, $size)
    {
        $ratio = $this->_dompdf->getOptions()->getFontHeightRatio();

        return $this->get_font_height($font, $size) / $ratio * 1.1;
    }

    /**
     * Writes text at the specified x and y coordinates on every page
     *
     * The strings '{PAGE_NUM}' and '{PAGE_COUNT}' are automatically replaced
     * with their current values.
     *
     * See {@link Style::munge_color()} for the format of the color array.
     *
     * @param float  $x
     * @param float  $y
     * @param string $text       the text to write
     * @param string $font       the font file to use
     * @param float  $size       the font size, in points
     * @param array  $color
     * @param float  $word_space word spacing adjustment
     * @param float  $char_space char spacing adjustment
     * @param float  $angle      angle to write the text at, measured CW starting from the x-axis
     */
    public function page_text($x, $y, $text, $font, $size, $color = [0, 0, 0], $word_space = 0.0, $char_space = 0.0, $angle = 0.0)
    {
        $_t = "text";
        $this->_page_text[] = compact("_t", "x", "y", "text", "font", "size", "color", "word_space", "char_space", "angle");
    }

    //........................................................................

    /**
     * Processes a callback or script on every page
     *
     * The callback function receives the four parameters `$pageNumber`,
     * `$pageCount`, `$pdf`, and `$fontMetrics`, in that order. If a script is
     * passed as string, the variables `$PAGE_NUM`, `$PAGE_COUNT`, `$pdf`, and
     * `$fontMetrics` are available instead.
     *
     * This function can be used to add page numbers to all pages after the
     * first one, for example.
     *
     * @param callable|string $code The callback function or PHP script to process on every page
     */
    public function page_script($code)
    {
        if (is_callable($code)) {
            $this->_page_text[] = [
                "_t"       => "callback",
                "callback" => $code
            ];
        } else {
            $_t = "script";
            $this->_page_text[] = compact("_t", "code");
        }
    }

    /**
     *
     */
    public function new_page()
    {
        // Add objects to the current page
        $this->_place_objects();

        $this->_pdf->suspend_page("");
        $this->_pdf->begin_page_ext($this->_width, $this->_height, "");
        $this->_page_number = ++$this->_page_count;
    }

    /**
     * Add text to each page after rendering is complete
     */
    protected function _add_page_text()
    {
        if (count($this->_page_text) === 0) {
            return;
        }

        $eval = null;
        $this->_pdf->suspend_page("");

        for ($p = 1; $p <= $this->_page_count; $p++) {
            $this->_pdf->resume_page("pagenumber=$p");

            foreach ($this->_page_text as $pt) {
                extract($pt);

                switch ($_t) {
                    case "text":
                        $text = str_replace(["{PAGE_NUM}", "{PAGE_COUNT}"],
                            [$p, $this->_page_count], $text);
                        $this->text($x, $y, $text, $font, $size, $color, $word_space, $char_space, $angle);
                        break;

                    case "callback":
                        $fontMetrics = $this->get_dompdf()->getFontMetrics();
                        $callback($p, $this->_page_count, $this, $fontMetrics);
                        break;

                    case "script":
                        if (!$eval) {
                            $eval = new PHPEvaluator($this);
                        }
                        $eval->evaluate($code, ["PAGE_NUM" => $p, "PAGE_COUNT" => $this->_page_count]);
                        break;

                    case "line":
                        $this->line($x1, $y1, $x2, $y2, $color, $width, $style);
                        break;

                }
            }

            $this->_pdf->suspend_page("");
        }

        $this->_pdf->resume_page("pagenumber=" . $this->_page_number);
    }

    /**
     * Streams the PDF to the client.
     *
     * @param string $filename The filename to present to the client.
     * @param array  $options  Associative array: 'compress' => 1 or 0 (default 1); 'Attachment' => 1 or 0 (default 1).
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public function stream($filename = "document.pdf", $options = [])
    {
        if (headers_sent()) {
            die("Unable to stream pdf: headers already sent");
        }

        if (!isset($options["compress"])) {
            $options["compress"] = true;
        }
        if (!isset($options["Attachment"])) {
            $options["Attachment"] = true;
        }

        $this->_add_page_text();

        if ($options["compress"]) {
            $this->setPDFLibValue("compress", 6);
        } else {
            $this->setPDFLibValue("compress", 0);
        }

        $this->_close();

        $data = "";

        if (self::$IN_MEMORY) {
            $data = $this->_pdf->get_buffer();
            $size = mb_strlen($data, "8bit");
        } else {
            $size = filesize($this->_file);
        }

        header("Cache-Control: private");
        header("Content-Type: application/pdf");
        header("Content-Length: " . $size);

        $filename = str_replace(["\n", "'"], "", basename($filename, ".pdf")) . ".pdf";
        $attachment = $options["Attachment"] ? "attachment" : "inline";
        header(Helpers::buildContentDispositionHeader($attachment, $filename));

        if (self::$IN_MEMORY) {
            echo $data;
        } else {
            // Chunked readfile()
            $chunk = (1 << 21); // 2 MB
            $fh = fopen($this->_file, "rb");
            if (!$fh) {
                throw new Exception("Unable to load temporary PDF file: " . $this->_file);
            }

            while (!feof($fh)) {
                echo fread($fh, $chunk);
            }
            fclose($fh);

            //debugpng
            if ($this->_dompdf->getOptions()->getDebugPng()) {
                print '[pdflib stream unlink ' . $this->_file . ']';
            }
            if (!$this->_dompdf->getOptions()->getDebugKeepTemp()) {
                unlink($this->_file);
            }
            $this->_file = null;
            unset($this->_file);
        }

        flush();
    }

    /**
     * Returns the PDF as a string.
     *
     * @param array $options Associative array: 'compress' => 1 or 0 (default 1).
     * @return string
     */
    public function output($options = [])
    {
        if (!isset($options["compress"])) {
            $options["compress"] = true;
        }

        $this->_add_page_text();

        if ($options["compress"]) {
            $this->setPDFLibValue("compress", 6);
        } else {
            $this->setPDFLibValue("compress", 0);
        }

        $this->_close();

        if (self::$IN_MEMORY) {
            $data = $this->_pdf->get_buffer();
        } else {
            $data = file_get_contents($this->_file);

            //debugpng
            if ($this->_dompdf->getOptions()->getDebugPng()) {
                print '[pdflib output unlink ' . $this->_file . ']';
            }
            if (!$this->_dompdf->getOptions()->getDebugKeepTemp()) {
                unlink($this->_file);
            }
            $this->_file = null;
            unset($this->_file);
        }

        return $data;
    }

    /**
     * @param string $keyword
     * @param string $optlist
     * @return mixed
     */
    protected function getPDFLibParameter($keyword, $optlist = "")
    {
        if ($this->getPDFLibMajorVersion() >= 9) {
            return $this->_pdf->get_option($keyword, "");
        }

        return $this->_pdf->get_parameter($keyword, $optlist);
    }

    /**
     * @param string $keyword
     * @param string $value
     * @return mixed
     */
    protected function setPDFLibParameter($keyword, $value)
    {
        if ($this->getPDFLibMajorVersion() >= 9) {
            return $this->_pdf->set_option($keyword . "=" . $value);
        }

        return $this->_pdf->set_parameter($keyword, $value);
    }

    /**
     * @param string $keyword
     * @param string $optlist
     * @return mixed
     */
    protected function getPDFLibValue($keyword, $optlist = "")
    {
        if ($this->getPDFLibMajorVersion() >= 9) {
            return $this->getPDFLibParameter($keyword, $optlist);
        }

        return $this->_pdf->get_value($keyword);
    }

    /**
     * @param string $keyword
     * @param string $value
     * @return mixed
     */
    protected function setPDFLibValue($keyword, $value)
    {
        if ($this->getPDFLibMajorVersion() >= 9) {
            return $this->setPDFLibParameter($keyword, $value);
        }

        return $this->_pdf->set_value($keyword, $value);
    }

    /**
     * @return int
     */
    protected function getPDFLibMajorVersion()
    {
        if (is_null(self::$MAJOR_VERSION)) {
            if (method_exists($this->_pdf, "get_option")) {
                self::$MAJOR_VERSION = abs(intval($this->_pdf->get_option("major", "")));
            } else {
                self::$MAJOR_VERSION = abs(intval($this->_pdf->get_value("major", "")));
            }
        }

        return self::$MAJOR_VERSION;
    }
}

// Workaround for idiotic limitation on statics...
PDFLib::$PAPER_SIZES = CPDF::$PAPER_SIZES;
¿Qué es la limpieza dental de perros? - Clínica veterinaria


Es la eliminación del sarro y la placa adherida a la superficie de los dientes mediante un equipo de ultrasonidos que garantiza la integridad de las piezas dentales a la vez que elimina en profundidad cualquier resto de suciedad.

A continuación se procede al pulido de los dientes mediante una fresa especial que elimina la placa bacteriana y devuelve a los dientes el aspecto sano que deben tener.

Una vez terminado todo el proceso, se mantiene al perro en observación hasta que se despierta de la anestesia, bajo la atenta supervisión de un veterinario.

¿Cada cuánto tiempo tengo que hacerle una limpieza dental a mi perro?

A partir de cierta edad, los perros pueden necesitar una limpieza dental anual o bianual. Depende de cada caso. En líneas generales, puede decirse que los perros de razas pequeñas suelen acumular más sarro y suelen necesitar una atención mayor en cuanto a higiene dental.


Riesgos de una mala higiene


Los riesgos más evidentes de una mala higiene dental en los perros son los siguientes:

  • Cuando la acumulación de sarro no se trata, se puede producir una inflamación y retracción de las encías que puede descalzar el diente y provocar caídas.
  • Mal aliento (halitosis).
  • Sarro perros
  • Puede ir a más
  • Las bacterias de la placa pueden trasladarse a través del torrente circulatorio a órganos vitales como el corazón ocasionando problemas de endocarditis en las válvulas. Las bacterias pueden incluso acantonarse en huesos (La osteomielitis es la infección ósea, tanto cortical como medular) provocando mucho dolor y una artritis séptica).

¿Cómo se forma el sarro?

El sarro es la calcificación de la placa dental. Los restos de alimentos, junto con las bacterias presentes en la boca, van a formar la placa bacteriana o placa dental. Si la placa no se retira, al mezclarse con la saliva y los minerales presentes en ella, reaccionará formando una costra. La placa se calcifica y se forma el sarro.

El sarro, cuando se forma, es de color blanquecino pero a medida que pasa el tiempo se va poniendo amarillo y luego marrón.

Síntomas de una pobre higiene dental
La señal más obvia de una mala salud dental canina es el mal aliento.

Sin embargo, a veces no es tan fácil de detectar
Y hay perros que no se dejan abrir la boca por su dueño. Por ejemplo…

Recientemente nos trajeron a la clínica a un perro que parpadeaba de un ojo y decía su dueño que le picaba un lado de la cara. Tenía molestias y dificultad para comer, lo que había llevado a sus dueños a comprarle comida blanda (que suele ser un poco más cara y llevar más contenido en grasa) durante medio año. Después de una exploración oftalmológica, nos dimos cuenta de que el ojo tenía una úlcera en la córnea probablemente de rascarse . Además, el canto lateral del ojo estaba inflamado. Tenía lo que en humanos llamamos flemón pero como era un perro de pelo largo, no se le notaba a simple vista. Al abrirle la boca nos llamó la atención el ver una muela llena de sarro. Le realizamos una radiografía y encontramos una fístula que llegaba hasta la parte inferior del ojo.

Le tuvimos que extraer la muela. Tras esto, el ojo se curó completamente con unos colirios y una lentilla protectora de úlcera. Afortunadamente, la úlcera no profundizó y no perforó el ojo. Ahora el perro come perfectamente a pesar de haber perdido una muela.

¿Cómo mantener la higiene dental de tu perro?
Hay varias maneras de prevenir problemas derivados de la salud dental de tu perro.

Limpiezas de dientes en casa
Es recomendable limpiar los dientes de tu perro semanal o diariamente si se puede. Existe una gran variedad de productos que se pueden utilizar:

Pastas de dientes.
Cepillos de dientes o dedales para el dedo índice, que hacen más fácil la limpieza.
Colutorios para echar en agua de bebida o directamente sobre el diente en líquido o en spray.

En la Clínica Tus Veterinarios enseñamos a nuestros clientes a tomar el hábito de limpiar los dientes de sus perros desde que son cachorros. Esto responde a nuestro compromiso con la prevención de enfermedades caninas.

Hoy en día tenemos muchos clientes que limpian los dientes todos los días a su mascota, y como resultado, se ahorran el dinero de hacer limpiezas dentales profesionales y consiguen una mejor salud de su perro.


Limpiezas dentales profesionales de perros y gatos

Recomendamos hacer una limpieza dental especializada anualmente. La realizamos con un aparato de ultrasonidos que utiliza agua para quitar el sarro. Después, procedemos a pulir los dientes con un cepillo de alta velocidad y una pasta especial. Hacemos esto para proteger el esmalte.

La frecuencia de limpiezas dentales necesaria varía mucho entre razas. En general, las razas grandes tienen buena calidad de esmalte, por lo que no necesitan hacerlo tan a menudo e incluso pueden pasarse la vida sin requerir una limpieza. Sin embargo, razas pequeñas como el Yorkshire o el Maltés, deben hacérselas todos los años desde cachorros si se quiere conservar sus piezas dentales.

Otro factor fundamental es la calidad del pienso. Algunas marcas han diseñado croquetas que limpian la superficie del diente y de la muela al masticarse.

Ultrasonido para perros

¿Se necesita anestesia para las limpiezas dentales de perros y gatos?

La limpieza dental en perros no es una técnica que pueda practicarse sin anestesia general , aunque hay veces que los propietarios no quieren anestesiar y si tiene poco sarro y el perro es muy bueno se puede intentar…… , pero no se va a poder pulir ni acceder a todas la zona de la boca …. Además los limpiadores dentales van a irrigar agua y hay riesgo de aspiración a vías respiratorias si no se realiza una anestesia correcta con intubación traqueal . En resumen , sin anestesia no se va hacer una correcta limpieza dental.

Tampoco sirve la sedación ya que necesitamos que el animal esté totalmente quieto, y el veterinario tenga un acceso completo a todas sus piezas dentales y encías.

Alimentos para la limpieza dental

Hay que tener cierto cuidado a la hora de comprar determinados alimentos porque no todos son saludables. Algunos tienen demasiado contenido graso, que en exceso puede causar problemas cardiovasculares y obesidad.

Los mejores alimentos para los dientes son aquellos que están elaborados por empresas farmacéuticas y llevan componentes químicos con tratamientos específicos para el diente del perro. Esto implica no solo limpieza a través de la acción mecánica de morder sino también un tratamiento antibacteriano para prevenir el sarro.

Conclusión

Si eres como la mayoría de dueños, por falta de tiempo , es probable que no estés prestando la suficiente atención a la limpieza dental de tu perro. Por eso te animamos a que comiences a limpiar los dientes de tu perro y consideres atender a su higiene bucal con frecuencia.

Estas simples medidas pueden conllevar a que tu perro tenga una vida más larga y mucho más saludable.

Si te resulta imposible introducir un cepillo de dientes a tu perro en la boca, pásate con él por clínica Tus Veterinarios y te explicamos cómo hacerlo.

Necesitas hacer una limpieza dental profesional a tu mascota?
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