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/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
/*
* Copyright © 1999-2010 David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org> et al.
*/
#ifndef __MTD_MTD_H__
#define __MTD_MTD_H__
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/uio.h>
#include <linux/list.h>
#include <linux/notifier.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/of.h>
#include <linux/nvmem-provider.h>
#include <mtd/mtd-abi.h>
#include <asm/div64.h>
#define MTD_FAIL_ADDR_UNKNOWN -1LL
struct mtd_info;
/*
* If the erase fails, fail_addr might indicate exactly which block failed. If
* fail_addr = MTD_FAIL_ADDR_UNKNOWN, the failure was not at the device level
* or was not specific to any particular block.
*/
struct erase_info {
uint64_t addr;
uint64_t len;
uint64_t fail_addr;
};
struct mtd_erase_region_info {
uint64_t offset; /* At which this region starts, from the beginning of the MTD */
uint32_t erasesize; /* For this region */
uint32_t numblocks; /* Number of blocks of erasesize in this region */
unsigned long *lockmap; /* If keeping bitmap of locks */
};
struct mtd_req_stats {
unsigned int uncorrectable_errors;
unsigned int corrected_bitflips;
unsigned int max_bitflips;
};
/**
* struct mtd_oob_ops - oob operation operands
* @mode: operation mode
*
* @len: number of data bytes to write/read
*
* @retlen: number of data bytes written/read
*
* @ooblen: number of oob bytes to write/read
* @oobretlen: number of oob bytes written/read
* @ooboffs: offset of oob data in the oob area (only relevant when
* mode = MTD_OPS_PLACE_OOB or MTD_OPS_RAW)
* @datbuf: data buffer - if NULL only oob data are read/written
* @oobbuf: oob data buffer
*
* Note, some MTD drivers do not allow you to write more than one OOB area at
* one go. If you try to do that on such an MTD device, -EINVAL will be
* returned. If you want to make your implementation portable on all kind of MTD
* devices you should split the write request into several sub-requests when the
* request crosses a page boundary.
*/
struct mtd_oob_ops {
unsigned int mode;
size_t len;
size_t retlen;
size_t ooblen;
size_t oobretlen;
uint32_t ooboffs;
uint8_t *datbuf;
uint8_t *oobbuf;
struct mtd_req_stats *stats;
};
/**
* struct mtd_oob_region - oob region definition
* @offset: region offset
* @length: region length
*
* This structure describes a region of the OOB area, and is used
* to retrieve ECC or free bytes sections.
* Each section is defined by an offset within the OOB area and a
* length.
*/
struct mtd_oob_region {
u32 offset;
u32 length;
};
/*
* struct mtd_ooblayout_ops - NAND OOB layout operations
* @ecc: function returning an ECC region in the OOB area.
* Should return -ERANGE if %section exceeds the total number of
* ECC sections.
* @free: function returning a free region in the OOB area.
* Should return -ERANGE if %section exceeds the total number of
* free sections.
*/
struct mtd_ooblayout_ops {
int (*ecc)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int section,
struct mtd_oob_region *oobecc);
int (*free)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int section,
struct mtd_oob_region *oobfree);
};
/**
* struct mtd_pairing_info - page pairing information
*
* @pair: pair id
* @group: group id
*
* The term "pair" is used here, even though TLC NANDs might group pages by 3
* (3 bits in a single cell). A pair should regroup all pages that are sharing
* the same cell. Pairs are then indexed in ascending order.
*
* @group is defining the position of a page in a given pair. It can also be
* seen as the bit position in the cell: page attached to bit 0 belongs to
* group 0, page attached to bit 1 belongs to group 1, etc.
*
* Example:
* The H27UCG8T2BTR-BC datasheet describes the following pairing scheme:
*
* group-0 group-1
*
* pair-0 page-0 page-4
* pair-1 page-1 page-5
* pair-2 page-2 page-8
* ...
* pair-127 page-251 page-255
*
*
* Note that the "group" and "pair" terms were extracted from Samsung and
* Hynix datasheets, and might be referenced under other names in other
* datasheets (Micron is describing this concept as "shared pages").
*/
struct mtd_pairing_info {
int pair;
int group;
};
/**
* struct mtd_pairing_scheme - page pairing scheme description
*
* @ngroups: number of groups. Should be related to the number of bits
* per cell.
* @get_info: converts a write-unit (page number within an erase block) into
* mtd_pairing information (pair + group). This function should
* fill the info parameter based on the wunit index or return
* -EINVAL if the wunit parameter is invalid.
* @get_wunit: converts pairing information into a write-unit (page) number.
* This function should return the wunit index pointed by the
* pairing information described in the info argument. It should
* return -EINVAL, if there's no wunit corresponding to the
* passed pairing information.
*
* See mtd_pairing_info documentation for a detailed explanation of the
* pair and group concepts.
*
* The mtd_pairing_scheme structure provides a generic solution to represent
* NAND page pairing scheme. Instead of exposing two big tables to do the
* write-unit <-> (pair + group) conversions, we ask the MTD drivers to
* implement the ->get_info() and ->get_wunit() functions.
*
* MTD users will then be able to query these information by using the
* mtd_pairing_info_to_wunit() and mtd_wunit_to_pairing_info() helpers.
*
* @ngroups is here to help MTD users iterating over all the pages in a
* given pair. This value can be retrieved by MTD users using the
* mtd_pairing_groups() helper.
*
* Examples are given in the mtd_pairing_info_to_wunit() and
* mtd_wunit_to_pairing_info() documentation.
*/
struct mtd_pairing_scheme {
int ngroups;
int (*get_info)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int wunit,
struct mtd_pairing_info *info);
int (*get_wunit)(struct mtd_info *mtd,
const struct mtd_pairing_info *info);
};
struct module; /* only needed for owner field in mtd_info */
/**
* struct mtd_debug_info - debugging information for an MTD device.
*
* @dfs_dir: direntry object of the MTD device debugfs directory
*/
struct mtd_debug_info {
struct dentry *dfs_dir;
};
/**
* struct mtd_part - MTD partition specific fields
*
* @node: list node used to add an MTD partition to the parent partition list
* @offset: offset of the partition relatively to the parent offset
* @size: partition size. Should be equal to mtd->size unless
* MTD_SLC_ON_MLC_EMULATION is set
* @flags: original flags (before the mtdpart logic decided to tweak them based
* on flash constraints, like eraseblock/pagesize alignment)
*
* This struct is embedded in mtd_info and contains partition-specific
* properties/fields.
*/
struct mtd_part {
struct list_head node;
u64 offset;
u64 size;
u32 flags;
};
/**
* struct mtd_master - MTD master specific fields
*
* @partitions_lock: lock protecting accesses to the partition list. Protects
* not only the master partition list, but also all
* sub-partitions.
* @suspended: et to 1 when the device is suspended, 0 otherwise
*
* This struct is embedded in mtd_info and contains master-specific
* properties/fields. The master is the root MTD device from the MTD partition
* point of view.
*/
struct mtd_master {
struct mutex partitions_lock;
struct mutex chrdev_lock;
unsigned int suspended : 1;
};
struct mtd_info {
u_char type;
uint32_t flags;
uint64_t size; // Total size of the MTD
/* "Major" erase size for the device. Naïve users may take this
* to be the only erase size available, or may use the more detailed
* information below if they desire
*/
uint32_t erasesize;
/* Minimal writable flash unit size. In case of NOR flash it is 1 (even
* though individual bits can be cleared), in case of NAND flash it is
* one NAND page (or half, or one-fourths of it), in case of ECC-ed NOR
* it is of ECC block size, etc. It is illegal to have writesize = 0.
* Any driver registering a struct mtd_info must ensure a writesize of
* 1 or larger.
*/
uint32_t writesize;
/*
* Size of the write buffer used by the MTD. MTD devices having a write
* buffer can write multiple writesize chunks at a time. E.g. while
* writing 4 * writesize bytes to a device with 2 * writesize bytes
* buffer the MTD driver can (but doesn't have to) do 2 writesize
* operations, but not 4. Currently, all NANDs have writebufsize
* equivalent to writesize (NAND page size). Some NOR flashes do have
* writebufsize greater than writesize.
*/
uint32_t writebufsize;
uint32_t oobsize; // Amount of OOB data per block (e.g. 16)
uint32_t oobavail; // Available OOB bytes per block
/*
* If erasesize is a power of 2 then the shift is stored in
* erasesize_shift otherwise erasesize_shift is zero. Ditto writesize.
*/
unsigned int erasesize_shift;
unsigned int writesize_shift;
/* Masks based on erasesize_shift and writesize_shift */
unsigned int erasesize_mask;
unsigned int writesize_mask;
/*
* read ops return -EUCLEAN if max number of bitflips corrected on any
* one region comprising an ecc step equals or exceeds this value.
* Settable by driver, else defaults to ecc_strength. User can override
* in sysfs. N.B. The meaning of the -EUCLEAN return code has changed;
* see Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-mtd for more detail.
*/
unsigned int bitflip_threshold;
/* Kernel-only stuff starts here. */
const char *name;
int index;
/* OOB layout description */
const struct mtd_ooblayout_ops *ooblayout;
/* NAND pairing scheme, only provided for MLC/TLC NANDs */
const struct mtd_pairing_scheme *pairing;
/* the ecc step size. */
unsigned int ecc_step_size;
/* max number of correctible bit errors per ecc step */
unsigned int ecc_strength;
/* Data for variable erase regions. If numeraseregions is zero,
* it means that the whole device has erasesize as given above.
*/
int numeraseregions;
struct mtd_erase_region_info *eraseregions;
/*
* Do not call via these pointers, use corresponding mtd_*()
* wrappers instead.
*/
int (*_erase) (struct mtd_info *mtd, struct erase_info *instr);
int (*_point) (struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from, size_t len,
size_t *retlen, void **virt, resource_size_t *phys);
int (*_unpoint) (struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from, size_t len);
int (*_read) (struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from, size_t len,
size_t *retlen, u_char *buf);
int (*_write) (struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t to, size_t len,
size_t *retlen, const u_char *buf);
int (*_panic_write) (struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t to, size_t len,
size_t *retlen, const u_char *buf);
int (*_read_oob) (struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from,
struct mtd_oob_ops *ops);
int (*_write_oob) (struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t to,
struct mtd_oob_ops *ops);
int (*_get_fact_prot_info) (struct mtd_info *mtd, size_t len,
size_t *retlen, struct otp_info *buf);
int (*_read_fact_prot_reg) (struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from,
size_t len, size_t *retlen, u_char *buf);
int (*_get_user_prot_info) (struct mtd_info *mtd, size_t len,
size_t *retlen, struct otp_info *buf);
int (*_read_user_prot_reg) (struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from,
size_t len, size_t *retlen, u_char *buf);
int (*_write_user_prot_reg) (struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t to,
size_t len, size_t *retlen,
const u_char *buf);
int (*_lock_user_prot_reg) (struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from,
size_t len);
int (*_erase_user_prot_reg) (struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from,
size_t len);
int (*_writev) (struct mtd_info *mtd, const struct kvec *vecs,
unsigned long count, loff_t to, size_t *retlen);
void (*_sync) (struct mtd_info *mtd);
int (*_lock) (struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs, uint64_t len);
int (*_unlock) (struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs, uint64_t len);
int (*_is_locked) (struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs, uint64_t len);
int (*_block_isreserved) (struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs);
int (*_block_isbad) (struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs);
int (*_block_markbad) (struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs);
int (*_max_bad_blocks) (struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs, size_t len);
int (*_suspend) (struct mtd_info *mtd);
void (*_resume) (struct mtd_info *mtd);
void (*_reboot) (struct mtd_info *mtd);
/*
* If the driver is something smart, like UBI, it may need to maintain
* its own reference counting. The below functions are only for driver.
*/
int (*_get_device) (struct mtd_info *mtd);
void (*_put_device) (struct mtd_info *mtd);
/*
* flag indicates a panic write, low level drivers can take appropriate
* action if required to ensure writes go through
*/
bool oops_panic_write;
struct notifier_block reboot_notifier; /* default mode before reboot */
/* ECC status information */
struct mtd_ecc_stats ecc_stats;
/* Subpage shift (NAND) */
int subpage_sft;
void *priv;
struct module *owner;
struct device dev;
struct kref refcnt;
struct mtd_debug_info dbg;
struct nvmem_device *nvmem;
struct nvmem_device *otp_user_nvmem;
struct nvmem_device *otp_factory_nvmem;
/*
* Parent device from the MTD partition point of view.
*
* MTD masters do not have any parent, MTD partitions do. The parent
* MTD device can itself be a partition.
*/
struct mtd_info *parent;
/* List of partitions attached to this MTD device */
struct list_head partitions;
struct mtd_part part;
struct mtd_master master;
};
static inline struct mtd_info *mtd_get_master(struct mtd_info *mtd)
{
while (mtd->parent)
mtd = mtd->parent;
return mtd;
}
static inline u64 mtd_get_master_ofs(struct mtd_info *mtd, u64 ofs)
{
while (mtd->parent) {
ofs += mtd->part.offset;
mtd = mtd->parent;
}
return ofs;
}
static inline bool mtd_is_partition(const struct mtd_info *mtd)
{
return mtd->parent;
}
static inline bool mtd_has_partitions(const struct mtd_info *mtd)
{
return !list_empty(&mtd->partitions);
}
int mtd_ooblayout_ecc(struct mtd_info *mtd, int section,
struct mtd_oob_region *oobecc);
int mtd_ooblayout_find_eccregion(struct mtd_info *mtd, int eccbyte,
int *section,
struct mtd_oob_region *oobregion);
int mtd_ooblayout_get_eccbytes(struct mtd_info *mtd, u8 *eccbuf,
const u8 *oobbuf, int start, int nbytes);
int mtd_ooblayout_set_eccbytes(struct mtd_info *mtd, const u8 *eccbuf,
u8 *oobbuf, int start, int nbytes);
int mtd_ooblayout_free(struct mtd_info *mtd, int section,
struct mtd_oob_region *oobfree);
int mtd_ooblayout_get_databytes(struct mtd_info *mtd, u8 *databuf,
const u8 *oobbuf, int start, int nbytes);
int mtd_ooblayout_set_databytes(struct mtd_info *mtd, const u8 *databuf,
u8 *oobbuf, int start, int nbytes);
int mtd_ooblayout_count_freebytes(struct mtd_info *mtd);
int mtd_ooblayout_count_eccbytes(struct mtd_info *mtd);
static inline void mtd_set_ooblayout(struct mtd_info *mtd,
const struct mtd_ooblayout_ops *ooblayout)
{
mtd->ooblayout = ooblayout;
}
static inline void mtd_set_pairing_scheme(struct mtd_info *mtd,
const struct mtd_pairing_scheme *pairing)
{
mtd->pairing = pairing;
}
static inline void mtd_set_of_node(struct mtd_info *mtd,
struct device_node *np)
{
mtd->dev.of_node = np;
if (!mtd->name)
of_property_read_string(np, "label", &mtd->name);
}
static inline struct device_node *mtd_get_of_node(struct mtd_info *mtd)
{
return dev_of_node(&mtd->dev);
}
static inline u32 mtd_oobavail(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct mtd_oob_ops *ops)
{
return ops->mode == MTD_OPS_AUTO_OOB ? mtd->oobavail : mtd->oobsize;
}
static inline int mtd_max_bad_blocks(struct mtd_info *mtd,
loff_t ofs, size_t len)
{
struct mtd_info *master = mtd_get_master(mtd);
if (!master->_max_bad_blocks)
return -ENOTSUPP;
if (mtd->size < (len + ofs) || ofs < 0)
return -EINVAL;
return master->_max_bad_blocks(master, mtd_get_master_ofs(mtd, ofs),
len);
}
int mtd_wunit_to_pairing_info(struct mtd_info *mtd, int wunit,
struct mtd_pairing_info *info);
int mtd_pairing_info_to_wunit(struct mtd_info *mtd,
const struct mtd_pairing_info *info);
int mtd_pairing_groups(struct mtd_info *mtd);
int mtd_erase(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct erase_info *instr);
int mtd_point(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from, size_t len, size_t *retlen,
void **virt, resource_size_t *phys);
int mtd_unpoint(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from, size_t len);
unsigned long mtd_get_unmapped_area(struct mtd_info *mtd, unsigned long len,
unsigned long offset, unsigned long flags);
int mtd_read(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from, size_t len, size_t *retlen,
u_char *buf);
int mtd_write(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t to, size_t len, size_t *retlen,
const u_char *buf);
int mtd_panic_write(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t to, size_t len, size_t *retlen,
const u_char *buf);
int mtd_read_oob(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from, struct mtd_oob_ops *ops);
int mtd_write_oob(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t to, struct mtd_oob_ops *ops);
int mtd_get_fact_prot_info(struct mtd_info *mtd, size_t len, size_t *retlen,
struct otp_info *buf);
int mtd_read_fact_prot_reg(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from, size_t len,
size_t *retlen, u_char *buf);
int mtd_get_user_prot_info(struct mtd_info *mtd, size_t len, size_t *retlen,
struct otp_info *buf);
int mtd_read_user_prot_reg(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from, size_t len,
size_t *retlen, u_char *buf);
int mtd_write_user_prot_reg(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t to, size_t len,
size_t *retlen, const u_char *buf);
int mtd_lock_user_prot_reg(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from, size_t len);
int mtd_erase_user_prot_reg(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from, size_t len);
int mtd_writev(struct mtd_info *mtd, const struct kvec *vecs,
unsigned long count, loff_t to, size_t *retlen);
static inline void mtd_sync(struct mtd_info *mtd)
{
struct mtd_info *master = mtd_get_master(mtd);
if (master->_sync)
master->_sync(master);
}
int mtd_lock(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs, uint64_t len);
int mtd_unlock(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs, uint64_t len);
int mtd_is_locked(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs, uint64_t len);
int mtd_block_isreserved(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs);
int mtd_block_isbad(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs);
int mtd_block_markbad(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs);
static inline int mtd_suspend(struct mtd_info *mtd)
{
struct mtd_info *master = mtd_get_master(mtd);
int ret;
if (master->master.suspended)
return 0;
ret = master->_suspend ? master->_suspend(master) : 0;
if (ret)
return ret;
master->master.suspended = 1;
return 0;
}
static inline void mtd_resume(struct mtd_info *mtd)
{
struct mtd_info *master = mtd_get_master(mtd);
if (!master->master.suspended)
return;
if (master->_resume)
master->_resume(master);
master->master.suspended = 0;
}
static inline uint32_t mtd_div_by_eb(uint64_t sz, struct mtd_info *mtd)
{
if (mtd->erasesize_shift)
return sz >> mtd->erasesize_shift;
do_div(sz, mtd->erasesize);
return sz;
}
static inline uint32_t mtd_mod_by_eb(uint64_t sz, struct mtd_info *mtd)
{
if (mtd->erasesize_shift)
return sz & mtd->erasesize_mask;
return do_div(sz, mtd->erasesize);
}
/**
* mtd_align_erase_req - Adjust an erase request to align things on eraseblock
* boundaries.
* @mtd: the MTD device this erase request applies on
* @req: the erase request to adjust
*
* This function will adjust @req->addr and @req->len to align them on
* @mtd->erasesize. Of course we expect @mtd->erasesize to be != 0.
*/
static inline void mtd_align_erase_req(struct mtd_info *mtd,
struct erase_info *req)
{
u32 mod;
if (WARN_ON(!mtd->erasesize))
return;
mod = mtd_mod_by_eb(req->addr, mtd);
if (mod) {
req->addr -= mod;
req->len += mod;
}
mod = mtd_mod_by_eb(req->addr + req->len, mtd);
if (mod)
req->len += mtd->erasesize - mod;
}
static inline uint32_t mtd_div_by_ws(uint64_t sz, struct mtd_info *mtd)
{
if (mtd->writesize_shift)
return sz >> mtd->writesize_shift;
do_div(sz, mtd->writesize);
return sz;
}
static inline uint32_t mtd_mod_by_ws(uint64_t sz, struct mtd_info *mtd)
{
if (mtd->writesize_shift)
return sz & mtd->writesize_mask;
return do_div(sz, mtd->writesize);
}
static inline int mtd_wunit_per_eb(struct mtd_info *mtd)
{
struct mtd_info *master = mtd_get_master(mtd);
return master->erasesize / mtd->writesize;
}
static inline int mtd_offset_to_wunit(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs)
{
return mtd_div_by_ws(mtd_mod_by_eb(offs, mtd), mtd);
}
static inline loff_t mtd_wunit_to_offset(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t base,
int wunit)
{
return base + (wunit * mtd->writesize);
}
static inline int mtd_has_oob(const struct mtd_info *mtd)
{
struct mtd_info *master = mtd_get_master((struct mtd_info *)mtd);
return master->_read_oob && master->_write_oob;
}
static inline int mtd_type_is_nand(const struct mtd_info *mtd)
{
return mtd->type == MTD_NANDFLASH || mtd->type == MTD_MLCNANDFLASH;
}
static inline int mtd_can_have_bb(const struct mtd_info *mtd)
{
struct mtd_info *master = mtd_get_master((struct mtd_info *)mtd);
return !!master->_block_isbad;
}
/* Kernel-side ioctl definitions */
struct mtd_partition;
struct mtd_part_parser_data;
extern int mtd_device_parse_register(struct mtd_info *mtd,
const char * const *part_probe_types,
struct mtd_part_parser_data *parser_data,
const struct mtd_partition *defparts,
int defnr_parts);
#define mtd_device_register(master, parts, nr_parts) \
mtd_device_parse_register(master, NULL, NULL, parts, nr_parts)
extern int mtd_device_unregister(struct mtd_info *master);
extern struct mtd_info *get_mtd_device(struct mtd_info *mtd, int num);
extern int __get_mtd_device(struct mtd_info *mtd);
extern void __put_mtd_device(struct mtd_info *mtd);
extern struct mtd_info *of_get_mtd_device_by_node(struct device_node *np);
extern struct mtd_info *get_mtd_device_nm(const char *name);
extern void put_mtd_device(struct mtd_info *mtd);
struct mtd_notifier {
void (*add)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
void (*remove)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
struct list_head list;
};
extern void register_mtd_user (struct mtd_notifier *new);
extern int unregister_mtd_user (struct mtd_notifier *old);
void *mtd_kmalloc_up_to(const struct mtd_info *mtd, size_t *size);
static inline int mtd_is_bitflip(int err) {
return err == -EUCLEAN;
}
static inline int mtd_is_eccerr(int err) {
return err == -EBADMSG;
}
static inline int mtd_is_bitflip_or_eccerr(int err) {
return mtd_is_bitflip(err) || mtd_is_eccerr(err);
}
unsigned mtd_mmap_capabilities(struct mtd_info *mtd);
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_FS
bool mtd_check_expert_analysis_mode(void);
#else
static inline bool mtd_check_expert_analysis_mode(void) { return false; }
#endif
#endif /* __MTD_MTD_H__ */