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<?php

namespace Safe;

use Safe\Exceptions\OpensslException;

/**
 * Gets the cipher initialization vector (iv) length.
 *
 * @param string $method The cipher method, see openssl_get_cipher_methods for a list of potential values.
 * @return int Returns the cipher length on success.
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_cipher_iv_length(string $method): int
{
    error_clear_last();
    $result = \openssl_cipher_iv_length($method);
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
    return $result;
}


/**
 * openssl_csr_export_to_file takes the Certificate
 * Signing Request represented by csr and saves it
 * in PEM format into the file named by outfilename.
 *
 * @param string|resource $csr See CSR parameters for a list of valid values.
 * @param string $outfilename Path to the output file.
 * @param bool $notext
 * The optional parameter notext affects
 * the verbosity of the output; if it is FALSE, then additional human-readable
 * information is included in the output. The default value of
 * notext is TRUE.
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_csr_export_to_file($csr, string $outfilename, bool $notext = true): void
{
    error_clear_last();
    $result = \openssl_csr_export_to_file($csr, $outfilename, $notext);
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
}


/**
 * openssl_csr_export takes the Certificate Signing
 * Request represented by csr and stores it in
 * PEM format in out, which is passed by
 * reference.
 *
 * @param string|resource $csr See CSR parameters for a list of valid values.
 * @param string|null $out on success, this string will contain the PEM encoded CSR
 * @param bool $notext
 * The optional parameter notext affects
 * the verbosity of the output; if it is FALSE, then additional human-readable
 * information is included in the output. The default value of
 * notext is TRUE.
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_csr_export($csr, ?string &$out, bool $notext = true): void
{
    error_clear_last();
    $result = \openssl_csr_export($csr, $out, $notext);
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
}


/**
 * openssl_csr_get_subject returns subject
 * distinguished name information encoded in the csr
 * including fields commonName (CN), organizationName (O), countryName (C) etc.
 *
 * @param string|resource $csr See CSR parameters for a list of valid values.
 * @param bool $use_shortnames shortnames controls how the data is indexed in the
 * array - if shortnames is TRUE (the default) then
 * fields will be indexed with the short name form, otherwise, the long name
 * form will be used - e.g.: CN is the shortname form of commonName.
 * @return array Returns an associative array with subject description.
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_csr_get_subject($csr, bool $use_shortnames = true): array
{
    error_clear_last();
    $result = \openssl_csr_get_subject($csr, $use_shortnames);
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
    return $result;
}


/**
 * openssl_csr_new generates a new CSR (Certificate Signing Request)
 * based on the information provided by dn.
 *
 * @param array $dn The Distinguished Name or subject fields to be used in the certificate.
 * @param resource $privkey privkey should be set to a private key that was
 * previously generated by openssl_pkey_new (or
 * otherwise obtained from the other openssl_pkey family of functions).
 * The corresponding public portion of the key will be used to sign the
 * CSR.
 * @param array $configargs By default, the information in your system openssl.conf
 * is used to initialize the request; you can specify a configuration file
 * section by setting the config_section_section key of
 * configargs.  You can also specify an alternative
 * openssl configuration file by setting the value of the
 * config key to the path of the file you want to use.
 * The following keys, if present in configargs
 * behave as their equivalents in the openssl.conf, as
 * listed in the table below.
 *
 * Configuration overrides
 *
 *
 *
 * configargs key
 * type
 * openssl.conf equivalent
 * description
 *
 *
 *
 *
 * digest_alg
 * string
 * default_md
 * Digest method or signature hash, usually one of openssl_get_md_methods
 *
 *
 * x509_extensions
 * string
 * x509_extensions
 * Selects which extensions should be used when creating an x509
 * certificate
 *
 *
 * req_extensions
 * string
 * req_extensions
 * Selects which extensions should be used when creating a CSR
 *
 *
 * private_key_bits
 * integer
 * default_bits
 * Specifies how many bits should be used to generate a private
 * key
 *
 *
 * private_key_type
 * integer
 * none
 * Specifies the type of private key to create.  This can be one
 * of OPENSSL_KEYTYPE_DSA,
 * OPENSSL_KEYTYPE_DH,
 * OPENSSL_KEYTYPE_RSA or
 * OPENSSL_KEYTYPE_EC.
 * The default value is OPENSSL_KEYTYPE_RSA.
 *
 *
 *
 * encrypt_key
 * boolean
 * encrypt_key
 * Should an exported key (with passphrase) be encrypted?
 *
 *
 * encrypt_key_cipher
 * integer
 * none
 *
 * One of cipher constants.
 *
 *
 *
 * curve_name
 * string
 * none
 *
 * One of openssl_get_curve_names.
 *
 *
 *
 * config
 * string
 * N/A
 *
 * Path to your own alternative openssl.conf file.
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 * @param array $extraattribs extraattribs is used to specify additional
 * configuration options for the CSR.  Both dn and
 * extraattribs are associative arrays whose keys are
 * converted to OIDs and applied to the relevant part of the request.
 * @return resource Returns the CSR.
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_csr_new(array $dn, &$privkey, array $configargs = null, array $extraattribs = null)
{
    error_clear_last();
    if ($extraattribs !== null) {
        $result = \openssl_csr_new($dn, $privkey, $configargs, $extraattribs);
    } elseif ($configargs !== null) {
        $result = \openssl_csr_new($dn, $privkey, $configargs);
    } else {
        $result = \openssl_csr_new($dn, $privkey);
    }
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
    return $result;
}


/**
 * openssl_csr_sign generates an x509 certificate
 * resource from the given CSR.
 *
 * @param string|resource $csr A CSR previously generated by openssl_csr_new.
 * It can also be the path to a PEM encoded CSR when specified as
 * file://path/to/csr or an exported string generated
 * by openssl_csr_export.
 * @param mixed $cacert The generated certificate will be signed by cacert.
 * If cacert is NULL, the generated certificate
 * will be a self-signed certificate.
 * @param string|resource|array $priv_key priv_key is the private key that corresponds to
 * cacert.
 * @param int $days days specifies the length of time for which the
 * generated certificate will be valid, in days.
 * @param array $configargs You can finetune the CSR signing by configargs.
 * See openssl_csr_new for more information about
 * configargs.
 * @param int $serial An optional the serial number of issued certificate. If not specified
 * it will default to 0.
 * @return resource Returns an x509 certificate resource on success, FALSE on failure.
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_csr_sign($csr, $cacert, $priv_key, int $days, array $configargs = null, int $serial = 0)
{
    error_clear_last();
    if ($serial !== 0) {
        $result = \openssl_csr_sign($csr, $cacert, $priv_key, $days, $configargs, $serial);
    } elseif ($configargs !== null) {
        $result = \openssl_csr_sign($csr, $cacert, $priv_key, $days, $configargs);
    } else {
        $result = \openssl_csr_sign($csr, $cacert, $priv_key, $days);
    }
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
    return $result;
}


/**
 * Takes a raw or base64 encoded string and decrypts it using a given method and key.
 *
 * @param string $data The encrypted message to be decrypted.
 * @param string $method The cipher method. For a list of available cipher methods, use
 * openssl_get_cipher_methods.
 * @param string $key The key.
 * @param int $options options can be one of
 * OPENSSL_RAW_DATA,
 * OPENSSL_ZERO_PADDING.
 * @param string $iv A non-NULL Initialization Vector.
 * @param string $tag The authentication tag in AEAD cipher mode. If it is incorrect, the authentication fails and the function returns FALSE.
 * @param string $aad Additional authentication data.
 * @return string The decrypted string on success.
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_decrypt(string $data, string $method, string $key, int $options = 0, string $iv = "", string $tag = "", string $aad = ""): string
{
    error_clear_last();
    $result = \openssl_decrypt($data, $method, $key, $options, $iv, $tag, $aad);
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
    return $result;
}


/**
 * The shared secret returned by openssl_dh_compute_key is
 * often used as an encryption key to secretly communicate with a remote party.
 * This is known as the Diffie-Hellman key exchange.
 *
 * @param string $pub_key DH Public key of the remote party.
 * @param resource $dh_key A local DH private key, corresponding to the public key to be shared with the remote party.
 * @return string Returns shared secret on success.
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_dh_compute_key(string $pub_key, $dh_key): string
{
    error_clear_last();
    $result = \openssl_dh_compute_key($pub_key, $dh_key);
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
    return $result;
}


/**
 * Computes a digest hash value for the given data using a given method,
 * and returns a raw or binhex encoded string.
 *
 * @param string $data The data.
 * @param string $method The digest method to use, e.g. "sha256", see openssl_get_md_methods for a list of available digest methods.
 * @param bool $raw_output Setting to TRUE will return as raw output data, otherwise the return
 * value is binhex encoded.
 * @return string Returns the digested hash value on success.
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_digest(string $data, string $method, bool $raw_output = false): string
{
    error_clear_last();
    $result = \openssl_digest($data, $method, $raw_output);
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
    return $result;
}


/**
 * openssl_open opens (decrypts)
 * sealed_data using the private key associated with
 * the key identifier priv_key_id and the envelope key
 * env_key, and fills
 * open_data with the decrypted data.
 * The envelope key is generated when the
 * data are sealed and can only be used by one specific private key. See
 * openssl_seal for more information.
 *
 * @param string $sealed_data
 * @param string|null $open_data If the call is successful the opened data is returned in this
 * parameter.
 * @param string $env_key
 * @param string|array|resource $priv_key_id
 * @param string $method The cipher method.
 * @param string $iv The initialization vector.
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_open(string $sealed_data, ?string &$open_data, string $env_key, $priv_key_id, string $method = "RC4", string $iv = null): void
{
    error_clear_last();
    if ($iv !== null) {
        $result = \openssl_open($sealed_data, $open_data, $env_key, $priv_key_id, $method, $iv);
    } else {
        $result = \openssl_open($sealed_data, $open_data, $env_key, $priv_key_id, $method);
    }
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
}


/**
 * openssl_pbkdf2 computes PBKDF2 (Password-Based Key Derivation Function 2),
 * a key derivation function defined in PKCS5 v2.
 *
 * @param string $password Password from which the derived key is generated.
 * @param string $salt PBKDF2 recommends a crytographic salt of at least 64 bits (8 bytes).
 * @param int $key_length Length of desired output key.
 * @param int $iterations The number of iterations desired. NIST
 * recommends at least 10,000.
 * @param string $digest_algorithm Optional hash or digest algorithm from openssl_get_md_methods.  Defaults to SHA-1.
 * @return string Returns raw binary string.
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_pbkdf2(string $password, string $salt, int $key_length, int $iterations, string $digest_algorithm = "sha1"): string
{
    error_clear_last();
    $result = \openssl_pbkdf2($password, $salt, $key_length, $iterations, $digest_algorithm);
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
    return $result;
}


/**
 * openssl_pkcs12_export_to_file stores
 * x509 into a file named by
 * filename in a PKCS#12 file format.
 *
 * @param string|resource $x509 See Key/Certificate parameters for a list of valid values.
 * @param string $filename Path to the output file.
 * @param string|array|resource $priv_key Private key component of PKCS#12 file.
 * See Public/Private Key parameters for a list of valid values.
 * @param string $pass Encryption password for unlocking the PKCS#12 file.
 * @param array $args Optional array, other keys will be ignored.
 *
 *
 *
 *
 * Key
 * Description
 *
 *
 *
 *
 * "extracerts"
 * array of extra certificates or a single certificate to be included in the PKCS#12 file.
 *
 *
 * "friendlyname"
 * string to be used for the supplied certificate and key
 *
 *
 *
 *
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_pkcs12_export_to_file($x509, string $filename, $priv_key, string $pass, array $args = null): void
{
    error_clear_last();
    if ($args !== null) {
        $result = \openssl_pkcs12_export_to_file($x509, $filename, $priv_key, $pass, $args);
    } else {
        $result = \openssl_pkcs12_export_to_file($x509, $filename, $priv_key, $pass);
    }
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
}


/**
 * openssl_pkcs12_export stores
 * x509 into a string named by
 * out in a PKCS#12 file format.
 *
 * @param string|resource $x509 See Key/Certificate parameters for a list of valid values.
 * @param string|null $out On success, this will hold the PKCS#12.
 * @param string|array|resource $priv_key Private key component of PKCS#12 file.
 * See Public/Private Key parameters for a list of valid values.
 * @param string $pass Encryption password for unlocking the PKCS#12 file.
 * @param array $args Optional array, other keys will be ignored.
 *
 *
 *
 *
 * Key
 * Description
 *
 *
 *
 *
 * "extracerts"
 * array of extra certificates or a single certificate to be included in the PKCS#12 file.
 *
 *
 * "friendlyname"
 * string to be used for the supplied certificate and key
 *
 *
 *
 *
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_pkcs12_export($x509, ?string &$out, $priv_key, string $pass, array $args = null): void
{
    error_clear_last();
    if ($args !== null) {
        $result = \openssl_pkcs12_export($x509, $out, $priv_key, $pass, $args);
    } else {
        $result = \openssl_pkcs12_export($x509, $out, $priv_key, $pass);
    }
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
}


/**
 * openssl_pkcs12_read parses the PKCS#12 certificate store supplied by
 * pkcs12 into a array named
 * certs.
 *
 * @param string $pkcs12 The certificate store contents, not its file name.
 * @param array|null $certs On success, this will hold the Certificate Store Data.
 * @param string $pass Encryption password for unlocking the PKCS#12 file.
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_pkcs12_read(string $pkcs12, ?array &$certs, string $pass): void
{
    error_clear_last();
    $result = \openssl_pkcs12_read($pkcs12, $certs, $pass);
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
}


/**
 * Decrypts the S/MIME encrypted message contained in the file specified by
 * infilename using the certificate and its
 * associated private key specified by recipcert and
 * recipkey.
 *
 * @param string $infilename
 * @param string $outfilename The decrypted message is written to the file specified by
 * outfilename.
 * @param string|resource $recipcert
 * @param string|resource|array $recipkey
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_pkcs7_decrypt(string $infilename, string $outfilename, $recipcert, $recipkey = null): void
{
    error_clear_last();
    if ($recipkey !== null) {
        $result = \openssl_pkcs7_decrypt($infilename, $outfilename, $recipcert, $recipkey);
    } else {
        $result = \openssl_pkcs7_decrypt($infilename, $outfilename, $recipcert);
    }
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
}


/**
 * openssl_pkcs7_encrypt takes the contents of the
 * file named infile and encrypts them using an RC2
 * 40-bit cipher so that they can only be read by the intended recipients
 * specified by recipcerts.
 *
 * @param string $infile
 * @param string $outfile
 * @param string|resource|array $recipcerts Either a lone X.509 certificate, or an array of X.509 certificates.
 * @param array $headers headers is an array of headers that
 * will be prepended to the data after it has been encrypted.
 *
 * headers can be either an associative array
 * keyed by header name, or an indexed array, where each element contains
 * a single header line.
 * @param int $flags flags can be used to specify options that affect
 * the encoding process - see PKCS7
 * constants.
 * @param int $cipherid One of cipher constants.
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_pkcs7_encrypt(string $infile, string $outfile, $recipcerts, array $headers, int $flags = 0, int $cipherid = OPENSSL_CIPHER_RC2_40): void
{
    error_clear_last();
    $result = \openssl_pkcs7_encrypt($infile, $outfile, $recipcerts, $headers, $flags, $cipherid);
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
}


/**
 *
 *
 * @param string $infilename
 * @param array|null $certs
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_pkcs7_read(string $infilename, ?array &$certs): void
{
    error_clear_last();
    $result = \openssl_pkcs7_read($infilename, $certs);
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
}


/**
 * openssl_pkcs7_sign takes the contents of the file
 * named infilename and signs them using the
 * certificate and its matching private key specified by
 * signcert and privkey
 * parameters.
 *
 * @param string $infilename The input file you are intending to digitally sign.
 * @param string $outfilename The file which the digital signature will be written to.
 * @param string|resource $signcert The X.509 certificate used to digitally sign infilename.
 * See Key/Certificate parameters for a list of valid values.
 * @param string|resource|array $privkey privkey is the private key corresponding to signcert.
 * See Public/Private Key parameters for a list of valid values.
 * @param array $headers headers is an array of headers that
 * will be prepended to the data after it has been signed (see
 * openssl_pkcs7_encrypt for more information about
 * the format of this parameter).
 * @param int $flags flags can be used to alter the output - see PKCS7 constants.
 * @param string $extracerts extracerts specifies the name of a file containing
 * a bunch of extra certificates to include in the signature which can for
 * example be used to help the recipient to verify the certificate that you used.
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_pkcs7_sign(string $infilename, string $outfilename, $signcert, $privkey, array $headers, int $flags = PKCS7_DETACHED, string $extracerts = null): void
{
    error_clear_last();
    if ($extracerts !== null) {
        $result = \openssl_pkcs7_sign($infilename, $outfilename, $signcert, $privkey, $headers, $flags, $extracerts);
    } else {
        $result = \openssl_pkcs7_sign($infilename, $outfilename, $signcert, $privkey, $headers, $flags);
    }
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
}


/**
 * openssl_pkey_export_to_file saves an ascii-armoured
 * (PEM encoded) rendition of key into the file named
 * by outfilename.
 *
 * @param resource|string|array $key
 * @param string $outfilename Path to the output file.
 * @param string $passphrase The key can be optionally protected by a
 * passphrase.
 * @param array $configargs configargs can be used to fine-tune the export
 * process by specifying and/or overriding options for the openssl
 * configuration file. See openssl_csr_new for more
 * information about configargs.
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_pkey_export_to_file($key, string $outfilename, string $passphrase = null, array $configargs = null): void
{
    error_clear_last();
    if ($configargs !== null) {
        $result = \openssl_pkey_export_to_file($key, $outfilename, $passphrase, $configargs);
    } elseif ($passphrase !== null) {
        $result = \openssl_pkey_export_to_file($key, $outfilename, $passphrase);
    } else {
        $result = \openssl_pkey_export_to_file($key, $outfilename);
    }
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
}


/**
 * openssl_pkey_export exports
 * key as a PEM encoded string and stores it into
 * out (which is passed by reference).
 *
 * @param resource $key
 * @param string|null $out
 * @param string $passphrase The key is optionally protected by passphrase.
 * @param array $configargs configargs can be used to fine-tune the export
 * process by specifying and/or overriding options for the openssl
 * configuration file.  See openssl_csr_new for more
 * information about configargs.
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_pkey_export($key, ?string &$out, string $passphrase = null, array $configargs = null): void
{
    error_clear_last();
    if ($configargs !== null) {
        $result = \openssl_pkey_export($key, $out, $passphrase, $configargs);
    } elseif ($passphrase !== null) {
        $result = \openssl_pkey_export($key, $out, $passphrase);
    } else {
        $result = \openssl_pkey_export($key, $out);
    }
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
}


/**
 * openssl_pkey_get_private parses
 * key and prepares it for use by other functions.
 *
 * @param string $key key can be one of the following:
 *
 * a string having the format
 * file://path/to/file.pem. The named file must
 * contain a PEM encoded certificate/private key (it may contain both).
 *
 *
 * A PEM formatted private key.
 *
 * @param string $passphrase The optional parameter passphrase must be used
 * if the specified key is encrypted (protected by a passphrase).
 * @return resource Returns a positive key resource identifier on success.
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_pkey_get_private(string $key, string $passphrase = "")
{
    error_clear_last();
    $result = \openssl_pkey_get_private($key, $passphrase);
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
    return $result;
}


/**
 * openssl_pkey_get_public extracts the public key from
 * certificate and prepares it for use by other
 * functions.
 *
 * @param resource|string $certificate certificate can be one of the following:
 *
 * an X.509 certificate resource
 * a string having the format
 * file://path/to/file.pem. The named file must
 * contain a PEM encoded certificate/public key (it may contain both).
 *
 *
 * A PEM formatted public key.
 *
 * @return resource Returns a positive key resource identifier on success.
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_pkey_get_public($certificate)
{
    error_clear_last();
    $result = \openssl_pkey_get_public($certificate);
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
    return $result;
}


/**
 * openssl_pkey_new generates a new private and public
 * key pair.  The public component of the key can be obtained using
 * openssl_pkey_get_public.
 *
 * @param array $configargs You can finetune the key generation (such as specifying the number of
 * bits) using configargs.  See
 * openssl_csr_new for more information about
 * configargs.
 * @return resource Returns a resource identifier for the pkey on success.
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_pkey_new(array $configargs = null)
{
    error_clear_last();
    if ($configargs !== null) {
        $result = \openssl_pkey_new($configargs);
    } else {
        $result = \openssl_pkey_new();
    }
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
    return $result;
}


/**
 * openssl_private_decrypt decrypts
 * data that was previously encrypted via
 * openssl_public_encrypt and stores the result into
 * decrypted.
 *
 * You can use this function e.g. to decrypt data which is supposed to only be available to you.
 *
 * @param string $data
 * @param string|null $decrypted
 * @param string|resource|array $key key must be the private key corresponding that
 * was used to encrypt the data.
 * @param int $padding padding can be one of
 * OPENSSL_PKCS1_PADDING,
 * OPENSSL_SSLV23_PADDING,
 * OPENSSL_PKCS1_OAEP_PADDING,
 * OPENSSL_NO_PADDING.
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_private_decrypt(string $data, ?string &$decrypted, $key, int $padding = OPENSSL_PKCS1_PADDING): void
{
    error_clear_last();
    $result = \openssl_private_decrypt($data, $decrypted, $key, $padding);
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
}


/**
 * openssl_private_encrypt encrypts data
 * with private key and stores the result into
 * crypted. Encrypted data can be decrypted via
 * openssl_public_decrypt.
 *
 * This function can be used e.g. to sign data (or its hash) to prove that it
 * is not written by someone else.
 *
 * @param string $data
 * @param string|null $crypted
 * @param string|resource|array $key
 * @param int $padding padding can be one of
 * OPENSSL_PKCS1_PADDING,
 * OPENSSL_NO_PADDING.
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_private_encrypt(string $data, ?string &$crypted, $key, int $padding = OPENSSL_PKCS1_PADDING): void
{
    error_clear_last();
    $result = \openssl_private_encrypt($data, $crypted, $key, $padding);
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
}


/**
 * openssl_public_decrypt decrypts
 * data that was previous encrypted via
 * openssl_private_encrypt and stores the result into
 * decrypted.
 *
 * You can use this function e.g. to check if the message was written by the
 * owner of the private key.
 *
 * @param string $data
 * @param string|null $decrypted
 * @param string|resource $key key must be the public key corresponding that
 * was used to encrypt the data.
 * @param int $padding padding can be one of
 * OPENSSL_PKCS1_PADDING,
 * OPENSSL_NO_PADDING.
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_public_decrypt(string $data, ?string &$decrypted, $key, int $padding = OPENSSL_PKCS1_PADDING): void
{
    error_clear_last();
    $result = \openssl_public_decrypt($data, $decrypted, $key, $padding);
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
}


/**
 * openssl_public_encrypt encrypts data
 * with public key and stores the result into
 * crypted. Encrypted data can be decrypted via
 * openssl_private_decrypt.
 *
 * This function can be used e.g. to encrypt message which can be then read
 * only by owner of the private key. It can be also used to store secure data
 * in database.
 *
 * @param string $data
 * @param string|null $crypted This will hold the result of the encryption.
 * @param string|resource $key The public key.
 * @param int $padding padding can be one of
 * OPENSSL_PKCS1_PADDING,
 * OPENSSL_SSLV23_PADDING,
 * OPENSSL_PKCS1_OAEP_PADDING,
 * OPENSSL_NO_PADDING.
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_public_encrypt(string $data, ?string &$crypted, $key, int $padding = OPENSSL_PKCS1_PADDING): void
{
    error_clear_last();
    $result = \openssl_public_encrypt($data, $crypted, $key, $padding);
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
}


/**
 * Generates a string of pseudo-random bytes, with the number of bytes
 * determined by the length parameter.
 *
 * It also indicates if a cryptographically strong algorithm was used to produce the
 * pseudo-random bytes, and does this via the optional crypto_strong
 * parameter. It's rare for this to be FALSE, but some systems may be broken or old.
 *
 * @param int $length The length of the desired string of bytes. Must be a positive integer. PHP will
 * try to cast this parameter to a non-null integer to use it.
 * @param bool|null $crypto_strong If passed into the function, this will hold a boolean value that determines
 * if the algorithm used was "cryptographically strong", e.g., safe for usage with GPG,
 * passwords, etc. TRUE if it did, otherwise FALSE
 * @return string Returns the generated string of bytes on success.
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_random_pseudo_bytes(int $length, ?bool &$crypto_strong = null): string
{
    error_clear_last();
    $result = \openssl_random_pseudo_bytes($length, $crypto_strong);
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
    return $result;
}


/**
 * openssl_seal seals (encrypts)
 * data by using the given method with a randomly generated
 * secret key. The key is encrypted with each of the public keys
 * associated with the identifiers in pub_key_ids
 * and each encrypted key is returned
 * in env_keys. This means that one can send
 * sealed data to multiple recipients (provided one has obtained their
 * public keys). Each recipient must receive both the sealed data and
 * the envelope key that was encrypted with the recipient's public key.
 *
 * @param string $data The data to seal.
 * @param string|null $sealed_data The sealed data.
 * @param array $env_keys Array of encrypted keys.
 * @param array $pub_key_ids Array of public key resource identifiers.
 * @param string $method The cipher method.
 * @param string $iv The initialization vector.
 * @return int Returns the length of the sealed data on success.
 * If successful the sealed data is returned in
 * sealed_data, and the envelope keys in
 * env_keys.
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_seal(string $data, ?string &$sealed_data, array &$env_keys, array $pub_key_ids, string $method = "RC4", string &$iv = null): int
{
    error_clear_last();
    $result = \openssl_seal($data, $sealed_data, $env_keys, $pub_key_ids, $method, $iv);
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
    return $result;
}


/**
 * openssl_sign computes a signature for the
 * specified data by generating a cryptographic
 * digital signature using the private key associated with
 * priv_key_id. Note that the data itself is
 * not encrypted.
 *
 * @param string $data The string of data you wish to sign
 * @param string|null $signature If the call was successful the signature is returned in
 * signature.
 * @param resource|string $priv_key_id resource - a key, returned by openssl_get_privatekey
 *
 * string - a PEM formatted key
 * @param int|string $signature_alg int - one of these Signature Algorithms.
 *
 * string - a valid string returned by openssl_get_md_methods example, "sha256WithRSAEncryption" or "sha384".
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_sign(string $data, ?string &$signature, $priv_key_id, $signature_alg = OPENSSL_ALGO_SHA1): void
{
    error_clear_last();
    $result = \openssl_sign($data, $signature, $priv_key_id, $signature_alg);
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
}


/**
 * openssl_x509_export_to_file stores
 * x509 into a file named by
 * outfilename in a PEM encoded format.
 *
 * @param string|resource $x509 See Key/Certificate parameters for a list of valid values.
 * @param string $outfilename Path to the output file.
 * @param bool $notext
 * The optional parameter notext affects
 * the verbosity of the output; if it is FALSE, then additional human-readable
 * information is included in the output. The default value of
 * notext is TRUE.
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_x509_export_to_file($x509, string $outfilename, bool $notext = true): void
{
    error_clear_last();
    $result = \openssl_x509_export_to_file($x509, $outfilename, $notext);
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
}


/**
 * openssl_x509_export stores
 * x509 into a string named by
 * output in a PEM encoded format.
 *
 * @param string|resource $x509 See Key/Certificate parameters for a list of valid values.
 * @param string|null $output On success, this will hold the PEM.
 * @param bool $notext
 * The optional parameter notext affects
 * the verbosity of the output; if it is FALSE, then additional human-readable
 * information is included in the output. The default value of
 * notext is TRUE.
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_x509_export($x509, ?string &$output, bool $notext = true): void
{
    error_clear_last();
    $result = \openssl_x509_export($x509, $output, $notext);
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
}


/**
 * openssl_x509_fingerprint returns the digest of
 * x509 as a string.
 *
 * @param string|resource $x509 See Key/Certificate parameters for a list of valid values.
 * @param string $hash_algorithm The digest method or hash algorithm to use, e.g. "sha256", one of openssl_get_md_methods.
 * @param bool $raw_output When set to TRUE, outputs raw binary data. FALSE outputs lowercase hexits.
 * @return string Returns a string containing the calculated certificate fingerprint as lowercase hexits unless raw_output is set to TRUE in which case the raw binary representation of the message digest is returned.
 *
 * Returns FALSE on failure.
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_x509_fingerprint($x509, string $hash_algorithm = "sha1", bool $raw_output = false): string
{
    error_clear_last();
    $result = \openssl_x509_fingerprint($x509, $hash_algorithm, $raw_output);
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
    return $result;
}


/**
 * openssl_x509_read parses the certificate supplied by
 * x509certdata and returns a resource identifier for
 * it.
 *
 * @param string|resource $x509certdata X509 certificate. See Key/Certificate parameters for a list of valid values.
 * @return resource Returns a resource identifier on success.
 * @throws OpensslException
 *
 */
function openssl_x509_read($x509certdata)
{
    error_clear_last();
    $result = \openssl_x509_read($x509certdata);
    if ($result === false) {
        throw OpensslException::createFromPhpError();
    }
    return $result;
}
¿Qué es la limpieza dental de perros? - Clínica veterinaria


Es la eliminación del sarro y la placa adherida a la superficie de los dientes mediante un equipo de ultrasonidos que garantiza la integridad de las piezas dentales a la vez que elimina en profundidad cualquier resto de suciedad.

A continuación se procede al pulido de los dientes mediante una fresa especial que elimina la placa bacteriana y devuelve a los dientes el aspecto sano que deben tener.

Una vez terminado todo el proceso, se mantiene al perro en observación hasta que se despierta de la anestesia, bajo la atenta supervisión de un veterinario.

¿Cada cuánto tiempo tengo que hacerle una limpieza dental a mi perro?

A partir de cierta edad, los perros pueden necesitar una limpieza dental anual o bianual. Depende de cada caso. En líneas generales, puede decirse que los perros de razas pequeñas suelen acumular más sarro y suelen necesitar una atención mayor en cuanto a higiene dental.


Riesgos de una mala higiene


Los riesgos más evidentes de una mala higiene dental en los perros son los siguientes:

  • Cuando la acumulación de sarro no se trata, se puede producir una inflamación y retracción de las encías que puede descalzar el diente y provocar caídas.
  • Mal aliento (halitosis).
  • Sarro perros
  • Puede ir a más
  • Las bacterias de la placa pueden trasladarse a través del torrente circulatorio a órganos vitales como el corazón ocasionando problemas de endocarditis en las válvulas. Las bacterias pueden incluso acantonarse en huesos (La osteomielitis es la infección ósea, tanto cortical como medular) provocando mucho dolor y una artritis séptica).

¿Cómo se forma el sarro?

El sarro es la calcificación de la placa dental. Los restos de alimentos, junto con las bacterias presentes en la boca, van a formar la placa bacteriana o placa dental. Si la placa no se retira, al mezclarse con la saliva y los minerales presentes en ella, reaccionará formando una costra. La placa se calcifica y se forma el sarro.

El sarro, cuando se forma, es de color blanquecino pero a medida que pasa el tiempo se va poniendo amarillo y luego marrón.

Síntomas de una pobre higiene dental
La señal más obvia de una mala salud dental canina es el mal aliento.

Sin embargo, a veces no es tan fácil de detectar
Y hay perros que no se dejan abrir la boca por su dueño. Por ejemplo…

Recientemente nos trajeron a la clínica a un perro que parpadeaba de un ojo y decía su dueño que le picaba un lado de la cara. Tenía molestias y dificultad para comer, lo que había llevado a sus dueños a comprarle comida blanda (que suele ser un poco más cara y llevar más contenido en grasa) durante medio año. Después de una exploración oftalmológica, nos dimos cuenta de que el ojo tenía una úlcera en la córnea probablemente de rascarse . Además, el canto lateral del ojo estaba inflamado. Tenía lo que en humanos llamamos flemón pero como era un perro de pelo largo, no se le notaba a simple vista. Al abrirle la boca nos llamó la atención el ver una muela llena de sarro. Le realizamos una radiografía y encontramos una fístula que llegaba hasta la parte inferior del ojo.

Le tuvimos que extraer la muela. Tras esto, el ojo se curó completamente con unos colirios y una lentilla protectora de úlcera. Afortunadamente, la úlcera no profundizó y no perforó el ojo. Ahora el perro come perfectamente a pesar de haber perdido una muela.

¿Cómo mantener la higiene dental de tu perro?
Hay varias maneras de prevenir problemas derivados de la salud dental de tu perro.

Limpiezas de dientes en casa
Es recomendable limpiar los dientes de tu perro semanal o diariamente si se puede. Existe una gran variedad de productos que se pueden utilizar:

Pastas de dientes.
Cepillos de dientes o dedales para el dedo índice, que hacen más fácil la limpieza.
Colutorios para echar en agua de bebida o directamente sobre el diente en líquido o en spray.

En la Clínica Tus Veterinarios enseñamos a nuestros clientes a tomar el hábito de limpiar los dientes de sus perros desde que son cachorros. Esto responde a nuestro compromiso con la prevención de enfermedades caninas.

Hoy en día tenemos muchos clientes que limpian los dientes todos los días a su mascota, y como resultado, se ahorran el dinero de hacer limpiezas dentales profesionales y consiguen una mejor salud de su perro.


Limpiezas dentales profesionales de perros y gatos

Recomendamos hacer una limpieza dental especializada anualmente. La realizamos con un aparato de ultrasonidos que utiliza agua para quitar el sarro. Después, procedemos a pulir los dientes con un cepillo de alta velocidad y una pasta especial. Hacemos esto para proteger el esmalte.

La frecuencia de limpiezas dentales necesaria varía mucho entre razas. En general, las razas grandes tienen buena calidad de esmalte, por lo que no necesitan hacerlo tan a menudo e incluso pueden pasarse la vida sin requerir una limpieza. Sin embargo, razas pequeñas como el Yorkshire o el Maltés, deben hacérselas todos los años desde cachorros si se quiere conservar sus piezas dentales.

Otro factor fundamental es la calidad del pienso. Algunas marcas han diseñado croquetas que limpian la superficie del diente y de la muela al masticarse.

Ultrasonido para perros

¿Se necesita anestesia para las limpiezas dentales de perros y gatos?

La limpieza dental en perros no es una técnica que pueda practicarse sin anestesia general , aunque hay veces que los propietarios no quieren anestesiar y si tiene poco sarro y el perro es muy bueno se puede intentar…… , pero no se va a poder pulir ni acceder a todas la zona de la boca …. Además los limpiadores dentales van a irrigar agua y hay riesgo de aspiración a vías respiratorias si no se realiza una anestesia correcta con intubación traqueal . En resumen , sin anestesia no se va hacer una correcta limpieza dental.

Tampoco sirve la sedación ya que necesitamos que el animal esté totalmente quieto, y el veterinario tenga un acceso completo a todas sus piezas dentales y encías.

Alimentos para la limpieza dental

Hay que tener cierto cuidado a la hora de comprar determinados alimentos porque no todos son saludables. Algunos tienen demasiado contenido graso, que en exceso puede causar problemas cardiovasculares y obesidad.

Los mejores alimentos para los dientes son aquellos que están elaborados por empresas farmacéuticas y llevan componentes químicos con tratamientos específicos para el diente del perro. Esto implica no solo limpieza a través de la acción mecánica de morder sino también un tratamiento antibacteriano para prevenir el sarro.

Conclusión

Si eres como la mayoría de dueños, por falta de tiempo , es probable que no estés prestando la suficiente atención a la limpieza dental de tu perro. Por eso te animamos a que comiences a limpiar los dientes de tu perro y consideres atender a su higiene bucal con frecuencia.

Estas simples medidas pueden conllevar a que tu perro tenga una vida más larga y mucho más saludable.

Si te resulta imposible introducir un cepillo de dientes a tu perro en la boca, pásate con él por clínica Tus Veterinarios y te explicamos cómo hacerlo.

Necesitas hacer una limpieza dental profesional a tu mascota?
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