#! /bin/false # vim: set autoindent shiftwidth=4 tabstop=4: # Conversion routines for VISCII. # Copyright (C) 2002-2017 Guido Flohr <guido.flohr@cantanea.com>, # all rights reserved. # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by # the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or # (at your option) any later version. # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the # GNU General Public License for more details. # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License # along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. package Locale::RecodeData::VISCII; use strict; require Locale::RecodeData; use base qw(Locale::RecodeData); my @to_ucs4 = ( 0x0000, 0x0001, 0x1eb2, 0x0003, 0x0004, 0x1eb4, 0x1eaa, 0x0007, 0x0008, 0x0009, 0x000a, 0x000b, 0x000c, 0x000d, 0x000e, 0x000f, 0x0010, 0x0011, 0x0012, 0x0013, 0x1ef6, 0x0015, 0x0016, 0x0017, 0x0018, 0x1ef8, 0x001a, 0x001b, 0x001c, 0x001d, 0x1ef4, 0x001f, 0x0020, 0x0021, 0x0022, 0x0023, 0x0024, 0x0025, 0x0026, 0x0027, 0x0028, 0x0029, 0x002a, 0x002b, 0x002c, 0x002d, 0x002e, 0x002f, 0x0030, 0x0031, 0x0032, 0x0033, 0x0034, 0x0035, 0x0036, 0x0037, 0x0038, 0x0039, 0x003a, 0x003b, 0x003c, 0x003d, 0x003e, 0x003f, 0x0040, 0x0041, 0x0042, 0x0043, 0x0044, 0x0045, 0x0046, 0x0047, 0x0048, 0x0049, 0x004a, 0x004b, 0x004c, 0x004d, 0x004e, 0x004f, 0x0050, 0x0051, 0x0052, 0x0053, 0x0054, 0x0055, 0x0056, 0x0057, 0x0058, 0x0059, 0x005a, 0x005b, 0x005c, 0x005d, 0x005e, 0x005f, 0x0060, 0x0061, 0x0062, 0x0063, 0x0064, 0x0065, 0x0066, 0x0067, 0x0068, 0x0069, 0x006a, 0x006b, 0x006c, 0x006d, 0x006e, 0x006f, 0x0070, 0x0071, 0x0072, 0x0073, 0x0074, 0x0075, 0x0076, 0x0077, 0x0078, 0x0079, 0x007a, 0x007b, 0x007c, 0x007d, 0x007e, 0x007f, 0x1ea0, 0x1eae, 0x1eb0, 0x1eb6, 0x1ea4, 0x1ea6, 0x1ea8, 0x1eac, 0x1ebc, 0x1eb8, 0x1ebe, 0x1ec0, 0x1ec2, 0x1ec4, 0x1ec6, 0x1ed0, 0x1ed2, 0x1ed4, 0x1ed6, 0x1ed8, 0x1ee2, 0x1eda, 0x1edc, 0x1ede, 0x1eca, 0x1ece, 0x1ecc, 0x1ec8, 0x1ee6, 0x0168, 0x1ee4, 0x1ef2, 0x00d5, 0x1eaf, 0x1eb1, 0x1eb7, 0x1ea5, 0x1ea7, 0x1ea9, 0x1ead, 0x1ebd, 0x1eb9, 0x1ebf, 0x1ec1, 0x1ec3, 0x1ec5, 0x1ec7, 0x1ed1, 0x1ed3, 0x1ed5, 0x1ed7, 0x1ee0, 0x01a0, 0x1ed9, 0x1edd, 0x1edf, 0x1ecb, 0x1ef0, 0x1ee8, 0x1eea, 0x1eec, 0x01a1, 0x1edb, 0x01af, 0x00c0, 0x00c1, 0x00c2, 0x00c3, 0x1ea2, 0x0102, 0x1eb3, 0x1eb5, 0x00c8, 0x00c9, 0x00ca, 0x1eba, 0x00cc, 0x00cd, 0x0128, 0x1ef3, 0x0110, 0x1ee9, 0x00d2, 0x00d3, 0x00d4, 0x1ea1, 0x1ef7, 0x1eeb, 0x1eed, 0x00d9, 0x00da, 0x1ef9, 0x1ef5, 0x00dd, 0x1ee1, 0x01b0, 0x00e0, 0x00e1, 0x00e2, 0x00e3, 0x1ea3, 0x0103, 0x1eef, 0x1eab, 0x00e8, 0x00e9, 0x00ea, 0x1ebb, 0x00ec, 0x00ed, 0x0129, 0x1ec9, 0x0111, 0x1ef1, 0x00f2, 0x00f3, 0x00f4, 0x00f5, 0x1ecf, 0x1ecd, 0x1ee5, 0x00f9, 0x00fa, 0x0169, 0x1ee7, 0x00fd, 0x1ee3, 0x1eee, ); my @to_utf8 = ( "\x00", "\x01", "\xe1\xba\xb2", "\x03", "\x04", "\xe1\xba\xb4", "\xe1\xba\xaa", "\x07", "\x08", "\x09", "\x0a", "\x0b", "\x0c", "\x0d", "\x0e", "\x0f", "\x10", "\x11", "\x12", "\x13", "\xe1\xbb\xb6", "\x15", "\x16", "\x17", "\x18", "\xe1\xbb\xb8", "\x1a", "\x1b", "\x1c", "\x1d", "\xe1\xbb\xb4", "\x1f", "\x20", "\x21", "\x22", "\x23", "\x24", "\x25", "\x26", "\x27", "\x28", "\x29", "\x2a", "\x2b", "\x2c", "\x2d", "\x2e", "\x2f", "\x30", "\x31", "\x32", "\x33", "\x34", "\x35", "\x36", "\x37", "\x38", "\x39", "\x3a", "\x3b", "\x3c", "\x3d", "\x3e", "\x3f", "\x40", "\x41", "\x42", "\x43", "\x44", "\x45", "\x46", "\x47", "\x48", "\x49", "\x4a", "\x4b", "\x4c", "\x4d", "\x4e", "\x4f", "\x50", "\x51", "\x52", "\x53", "\x54", "\x55", "\x56", "\x57", "\x58", "\x59", "\x5a", "\x5b", "\x5c", "\x5d", "\x5e", "\x5f", "\x60", "\x61", "\x62", "\x63", "\x64", "\x65", "\x66", "\x67", "\x68", "\x69", "\x6a", "\x6b", "\x6c", "\x6d", "\x6e", "\x6f", "\x70", "\x71", "\x72", "\x73", "\x74", "\x75", "\x76", "\x77", "\x78", "\x79", "\x7a", "\x7b", "\x7c", "\x7d", "\x7e", "\x7f", "\xe1\xba\xa0", "\xe1\xba\xae", "\xe1\xba\xb0", "\xe1\xba\xb6", "\xe1\xba\xa4", "\xe1\xba\xa6", "\xe1\xba\xa8", "\xe1\xba\xac", "\xe1\xba\xbc", "\xe1\xba\xb8", "\xe1\xba\xbe", "\xe1\xbb\x80", "\xe1\xbb\x82", "\xe1\xbb\x84", "\xe1\xbb\x86", "\xe1\xbb\x90", "\xe1\xbb\x92", "\xe1\xbb\x94", "\xe1\xbb\x96", "\xe1\xbb\x98", "\xe1\xbb\xa2", "\xe1\xbb\x9a", "\xe1\xbb\x9c", "\xe1\xbb\x9e", "\xe1\xbb\x8a", "\xe1\xbb\x8e", "\xe1\xbb\x8c", "\xe1\xbb\x88", "\xe1\xbb\xa6", "\xc5\xa8", "\xe1\xbb\xa4", "\xe1\xbb\xb2", "\xc3\x95", "\xe1\xba\xaf", "\xe1\xba\xb1", "\xe1\xba\xb7", "\xe1\xba\xa5", "\xe1\xba\xa7", "\xe1\xba\xa9", "\xe1\xba\xad", "\xe1\xba\xbd", "\xe1\xba\xb9", "\xe1\xba\xbf", "\xe1\xbb\x81", "\xe1\xbb\x83", "\xe1\xbb\x85", "\xe1\xbb\x87", "\xe1\xbb\x91", "\xe1\xbb\x93", "\xe1\xbb\x95", "\xe1\xbb\x97", "\xe1\xbb\xa0", "\xc6\xa0", "\xe1\xbb\x99", "\xe1\xbb\x9d", "\xe1\xbb\x9f", "\xe1\xbb\x8b", "\xe1\xbb\xb0", "\xe1\xbb\xa8", "\xe1\xbb\xaa", "\xe1\xbb\xac", "\xc6\xa1", "\xe1\xbb\x9b", "\xc6\xaf", "\xc3\x80", "\xc3\x81", "\xc3\x82", "\xc3\x83", "\xe1\xba\xa2", "\xc4\x82", "\xe1\xba\xb3", "\xe1\xba\xb5", "\xc3\x88", "\xc3\x89", "\xc3\x8a", "\xe1\xba\xba", "\xc3\x8c", "\xc3\x8d", "\xc4\xa8", "\xe1\xbb\xb3", "\xc4\x90", "\xe1\xbb\xa9", "\xc3\x92", "\xc3\x93", "\xc3\x94", "\xe1\xba\xa1", "\xe1\xbb\xb7", "\xe1\xbb\xab", "\xe1\xbb\xad", "\xc3\x99", "\xc3\x9a", "\xe1\xbb\xb9", "\xe1\xbb\xb5", "\xc3\x9d", "\xe1\xbb\xa1", "\xc6\xb0", "\xc3\xa0", "\xc3\xa1", "\xc3\xa2", "\xc3\xa3", "\xe1\xba\xa3", "\xc4\x83", "\xe1\xbb\xaf", "\xe1\xba\xab", "\xc3\xa8", "\xc3\xa9", "\xc3\xaa", "\xe1\xba\xbb", "\xc3\xac", "\xc3\xad", "\xc4\xa9", "\xe1\xbb\x89", "\xc4\x91", "\xe1\xbb\xb1", "\xc3\xb2", "\xc3\xb3", "\xc3\xb4", "\xc3\xb5", "\xe1\xbb\x8f", "\xe1\xbb\x8d", "\xe1\xbb\xa5", "\xc3\xb9", "\xc3\xba", "\xc5\xa9", "\xe1\xbb\xa7", "\xc3\xbd", "\xe1\xbb\xa3", "\xe1\xbb\xae", ); my %from_ucs4 = ( 0x00000000 => "\x00", 0x00000001 => "\x01", 0x00000003 => "\x03", 0x00000004 => "\x04", 0x00000007 => "\x07", 0x00000008 => "\x08", 0x00000009 => "\x09", 0x0000000a => "\x0a", 0x0000000b => "\x0b", 0x0000000c => "\x0c", 0x0000000d => "\x0d", 0x0000000e => "\x0e", 0x0000000f => "\x0f", 0x00000010 => "\x10", 0x00000011 => "\x11", 0x00000012 => "\x12", 0x00000013 => "\x13", 0x00000015 => "\x15", 0x00000016 => "\x16", 0x00000017 => "\x17", 0x00000018 => "\x18", 0x0000001a => "\x1a", 0x0000001b => "\x1b", 0x0000001c => "\x1c", 0x0000001d => "\x1d", 0x0000001f => "\x1f", 0x00000020 => "\x20", 0x00000021 => "\x21", 0x00000022 => "\x22", 0x00000023 => "\x23", 0x00000024 => "\x24", 0x00000025 => "\x25", 0x00000026 => "\x26", 0x00000027 => "\x27", 0x00000028 => "\x28", 0x00000029 => "\x29", 0x0000002a => "\x2a", 0x0000002b => "\x2b", 0x0000002c => "\x2c", 0x0000002d => "\x2d", 0x0000002e => "\x2e", 0x0000002f => "\x2f", 0x00000030 => "\x30", 0x00000031 => "\x31", 0x00000032 => "\x32", 0x00000033 => "\x33", 0x00000034 => "\x34", 0x00000035 => "\x35", 0x00000036 => "\x36", 0x00000037 => "\x37", 0x00000038 => "\x38", 0x00000039 => "\x39", 0x0000003a => "\x3a", 0x0000003b => "\x3b", 0x0000003c => "\x3c", 0x0000003d => "\x3d", 0x0000003e => "\x3e", 0x0000003f => "\x3f", 0x00000040 => "\x40", 0x00000041 => "\x41", 0x00000042 => "\x42", 0x00000043 => "\x43", 0x00000044 => "\x44", 0x00000045 => "\x45", 0x00000046 => "\x46", 0x00000047 => "\x47", 0x00000048 => "\x48", 0x00000049 => "\x49", 0x0000004a => "\x4a", 0x0000004b => "\x4b", 0x0000004c => "\x4c", 0x0000004d => "\x4d", 0x0000004e => "\x4e", 0x0000004f => "\x4f", 0x00000050 => "\x50", 0x00000051 => "\x51", 0x00000052 => "\x52", 0x00000053 => "\x53", 0x00000054 => "\x54", 0x00000055 => "\x55", 0x00000056 => "\x56", 0x00000057 => "\x57", 0x00000058 => "\x58", 0x00000059 => "\x59", 0x0000005a => "\x5a", 0x0000005b => "\x5b", 0x0000005c => "\x5c", 0x0000005d => "\x5d", 0x0000005e => "\x5e", 0x0000005f => "\x5f", 0x00000060 => "\x60", 0x00000061 => "\x61", 0x00000062 => "\x62", 0x00000063 => "\x63", 0x00000064 => "\x64", 0x00000065 => "\x65", 0x00000066 => "\x66", 0x00000067 => "\x67", 0x00000068 => "\x68", 0x00000069 => "\x69", 0x0000006a => "\x6a", 0x0000006b => "\x6b", 0x0000006c => "\x6c", 0x0000006d => "\x6d", 0x0000006e => "\x6e", 0x0000006f => "\x6f", 0x00000070 => "\x70", 0x00000071 => "\x71", 0x00000072 => "\x72", 0x00000073 => "\x73", 0x00000074 => "\x74", 0x00000075 => "\x75", 0x00000076 => "\x76", 0x00000077 => "\x77", 0x00000078 => "\x78", 0x00000079 => "\x79", 0x0000007a => "\x7a", 0x0000007b => "\x7b", 0x0000007c => "\x7c", 0x0000007d => "\x7d", 0x0000007e => "\x7e", 0x0000007f => "\x7f", 0x000000c0 => "\xc0", 0x000000c1 => "\xc1", 0x000000c2 => "\xc2", 0x000000c3 => "\xc3", 0x000000c8 => "\xc8", 0x000000c9 => "\xc9", 0x000000ca => "\xca", 0x000000cc => "\xcc", 0x000000cd => "\xcd", 0x000000d2 => "\xd2", 0x000000d3 => "\xd3", 0x000000d4 => "\xd4", 0x000000d5 => "\xa0", 0x000000d9 => "\xd9", 0x000000da => "\xda", 0x000000dd => "\xdd", 0x000000e0 => "\xe0", 0x000000e1 => "\xe1", 0x000000e2 => "\xe2", 0x000000e3 => "\xe3", 0x000000e8 => "\xe8", 0x000000e9 => "\xe9", 0x000000ea => "\xea", 0x000000ec => "\xec", 0x000000ed => "\xed", 0x000000f2 => "\xf2", 0x000000f3 => "\xf3", 0x000000f4 => "\xf4", 0x000000f5 => "\xf5", 0x000000f9 => "\xf9", 0x000000fa => "\xfa", 0x000000fd => "\xfd", 0x00000102 => "\xc5", 0x00000103 => "\xe5", 0x00000110 => "\xd0", 0x00000111 => "\xf0", 0x00000128 => "\xce", 0x00000129 => "\xee", 0x00000168 => "\x9d", 0x00000169 => "\xfb", 0x000001a0 => "\xb4", 0x000001a1 => "\xbd", 0x000001af => "\xbf", 0x000001b0 => "\xdf", 0x00001ea0 => "\x80", 0x00001ea1 => "\xd5", 0x00001ea2 => "\xc4", 0x00001ea3 => "\xe4", 0x00001ea4 => "\x84", 0x00001ea5 => "\xa4", 0x00001ea6 => "\x85", 0x00001ea7 => "\xa5", 0x00001ea8 => "\x86", 0x00001ea9 => "\xa6", 0x00001eaa => "\x06", 0x00001eab => "\xe7", 0x00001eac => "\x87", 0x00001ead => "\xa7", 0x00001eae => "\x81", 0x00001eaf => "\xa1", 0x00001eb0 => "\x82", 0x00001eb1 => "\xa2", 0x00001eb2 => "\x02", 0x00001eb3 => "\xc6", 0x00001eb4 => "\x05", 0x00001eb5 => "\xc7", 0x00001eb6 => "\x83", 0x00001eb7 => "\xa3", 0x00001eb8 => "\x89", 0x00001eb9 => "\xa9", 0x00001eba => "\xcb", 0x00001ebb => "\xeb", 0x00001ebc => "\x88", 0x00001ebd => "\xa8", 0x00001ebe => "\x8a", 0x00001ebf => "\xaa", 0x00001ec0 => "\x8b", 0x00001ec1 => "\xab", 0x00001ec2 => "\x8c", 0x00001ec3 => "\xac", 0x00001ec4 => "\x8d", 0x00001ec5 => "\xad", 0x00001ec6 => "\x8e", 0x00001ec7 => "\xae", 0x00001ec8 => "\x9b", 0x00001ec9 => "\xef", 0x00001eca => "\x98", 0x00001ecb => "\xb8", 0x00001ecc => "\x9a", 0x00001ecd => "\xf7", 0x00001ece => "\x99", 0x00001ecf => "\xf6", 0x00001ed0 => "\x8f", 0x00001ed1 => "\xaf", 0x00001ed2 => "\x90", 0x00001ed3 => "\xb0", 0x00001ed4 => "\x91", 0x00001ed5 => "\xb1", 0x00001ed6 => "\x92", 0x00001ed7 => "\xb2", 0x00001ed8 => "\x93", 0x00001ed9 => "\xb5", 0x00001eda => "\x95", 0x00001edb => "\xbe", 0x00001edc => "\x96", 0x00001edd => "\xb6", 0x00001ede => "\x97", 0x00001edf => "\xb7", 0x00001ee0 => "\xb3", 0x00001ee1 => "\xde", 0x00001ee2 => "\x94", 0x00001ee3 => "\xfe", 0x00001ee4 => "\x9e", 0x00001ee5 => "\xf8", 0x00001ee6 => "\x9c", 0x00001ee7 => "\xfc", 0x00001ee8 => "\xba", 0x00001ee9 => "\xd1", 0x00001eea => "\xbb", 0x00001eeb => "\xd7", 0x00001eec => "\xbc", 0x00001eed => "\xd8", 0x00001eee => "\xff", 0x00001eef => "\xe6", 0x00001ef0 => "\xb9", 0x00001ef1 => "\xf1", 0x00001ef2 => "\x9f", 0x00001ef3 => "\xcf", 0x00001ef4 => "\x1e", 0x00001ef5 => "\xdc", 0x00001ef6 => "\x14", 0x00001ef7 => "\xd6", 0x00001ef8 => "\x19", 0x00001ef9 => "\xdb", ); sub _recode { if ($_[0]->{_from} eq 'INTERNAL') { $_[1] = join '', map $from_ucs4{$_} || (defined $from_ucs4{$_} ? $from_ucs4{$_} : "\x3f"), @{$_[1]}; } elsif ($_[0]->{_to} eq 'UTF-8',) { $_[1] = join '', map $to_utf8[$_], unpack 'C*', $_[1]; } else { $_[1] = [ map $to_ucs4[$_], unpack 'C*', $_[1] ]; } return 1; } 1; __END__ =head1 NAME Locale::RecodeData::VISCII - Conversion routines for VISCII =head1 SYNOPSIS This module is internal to libintl. Do not use directly! =head1 DESCRIPTION This module is generated and contains the conversion tables and routines for VISCII. =head1 CHARACTER TABLE The following table is sorted in the same order as the original charmap. All character codes are in hexadecimal. Please read 'ISO-10646' as 'ISO-10646-UCS4'. Local | ISO-10646 | Description -------+-----------+------------------------------------------------- 00 | 00000000 | NULL (NUL) 01 | 00000001 | START OF HEADING (SOH) 02 | 00001EB2 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH BREVE AND HOOK ABOVE 03 | 00000003 | END OF TEXT (ETX) 04 | 00000004 | END OF TRANSMISSION (EOT) 05 | 00001EB4 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH BREVE AND TILDE 06 | 00001EAA | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX AND TILDE 07 | 00000007 | BELL (BEL) 08 | 00000008 | BACKSPACE (BS) 09 | 00000009 | CHARACTER TABULATION (HT) 0A | 0000000A | LINE FEED (LF) 0B | 0000000B | LINE TABULATION (VT) 0C | 0000000C | FORM FEED (FF) 0D | 0000000D | CARRIAGE RETURN (CR) 0E | 0000000E | SHIFT OUT (SO) 0F | 0000000F | SHIFT IN (SI) 10 | 00000010 | DATALINK ESCAPE (DLE) 11 | 00000011 | DEVICE CONTROL ONE (DC1) 12 | 00000012 | DEVICE CONTROL TWO (DC2) 13 | 00000013 | DEVICE CONTROL THREE (DC3) 14 | 00001EF6 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y WITH HOOK ABOVE 15 | 00000015 | NEGATIVE ACKNOWLEDGE (NAK) 16 | 00000016 | SYNCHRONOUS IDLE (SYN) 17 | 00000017 | END OF TRANSMISSION BLOCK (ETB) 18 | 00000018 | CANCEL (CAN) 19 | 00001EF8 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y WITH TILDE 1A | 0000001A | SUBSTITUTE (SUB) 1B | 0000001B | ESCAPE (ESC) 1C | 0000001C | FILE SEPARATOR (IS4) 1D | 0000001D | GROUP SEPARATOR (IS3) 1E | 00001EF4 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y WITH DOT BELOW 1F | 0000001F | UNIT SEPARATOR (IS1) 20 | 00000020 | SPACE 21 | 00000021 | EXCLAMATION MARK 22 | 00000022 | QUOTATION MARK 23 | 00000023 | NUMBER SIGN 24 | 00000024 | DOLLAR SIGN 25 | 00000025 | PERCENT SIGN 26 | 00000026 | AMPERSAND 27 | 00000027 | APOSTROPHE 28 | 00000028 | LEFT PARENTHESIS 29 | 00000029 | RIGHT PARENTHESIS 2A | 0000002A | ASTERISK 2B | 0000002B | PLUS SIGN 2C | 0000002C | COMMA 2D | 0000002D | HYPHEN-MINUS 2E | 0000002E | FULL STOP 2F | 0000002F | SOLIDUS 30 | 00000030 | DIGIT ZERO 31 | 00000031 | DIGIT ONE 32 | 00000032 | DIGIT TWO 33 | 00000033 | DIGIT THREE 34 | 00000034 | DIGIT FOUR 35 | 00000035 | DIGIT FIVE 36 | 00000036 | DIGIT SIX 37 | 00000037 | DIGIT SEVEN 38 | 00000038 | DIGIT EIGHT 39 | 00000039 | DIGIT NINE 3A | 0000003A | COLON 3B | 0000003B | SEMICOLON 3C | 0000003C | LESS-THAN SIGN 3D | 0000003D | EQUALS SIGN 3E | 0000003E | GREATER-THAN SIGN 3F | 0000003F | QUESTION MARK 40 | 00000040 | COMMERCIAL AT 41 | 00000041 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A 42 | 00000042 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER B 43 | 00000043 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C 44 | 00000044 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D 45 | 00000045 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E 46 | 00000046 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER F 47 | 00000047 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER G 48 | 00000048 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER H 49 | 00000049 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I 4A | 0000004A | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER J 4B | 0000004B | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER K 4C | 0000004C | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L 4D | 0000004D | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER M 4E | 0000004E | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N 4F | 0000004F | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O 50 | 00000050 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER P 51 | 00000051 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Q 52 | 00000052 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER R 53 | 00000053 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER S 54 | 00000054 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T 55 | 00000055 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U 56 | 00000056 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER V 57 | 00000057 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER W 58 | 00000058 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER X 59 | 00000059 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y 5A | 0000005A | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z 5B | 0000005B | LEFT SQUARE BRACKET 5C | 0000005C | REVERSE SOLIDUS 5D | 0000005D | RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET 5E | 0000005E | CIRCUMFLEX ACCENT 5F | 0000005F | LOW LINE 60 | 00000060 | GRAVE ACCENT 61 | 00000061 | LATIN SMALL LETTER A 62 | 00000062 | LATIN SMALL LETTER B 63 | 00000063 | LATIN SMALL LETTER C 64 | 00000064 | LATIN SMALL LETTER D 65 | 00000065 | LATIN SMALL LETTER E 66 | 00000066 | LATIN SMALL LETTER F 67 | 00000067 | LATIN SMALL LETTER G 68 | 00000068 | LATIN SMALL LETTER H 69 | 00000069 | LATIN SMALL LETTER I 6A | 0000006A | LATIN SMALL LETTER J 6B | 0000006B | LATIN SMALL LETTER K 6C | 0000006C | LATIN SMALL LETTER L 6D | 0000006D | LATIN SMALL LETTER M 6E | 0000006E | LATIN SMALL LETTER N 6F | 0000006F | LATIN SMALL LETTER O 70 | 00000070 | LATIN SMALL LETTER P 71 | 00000071 | LATIN SMALL LETTER Q 72 | 00000072 | LATIN SMALL LETTER R 73 | 00000073 | LATIN SMALL LETTER S 74 | 00000074 | LATIN SMALL LETTER T 75 | 00000075 | LATIN SMALL LETTER U 76 | 00000076 | LATIN SMALL LETTER V 77 | 00000077 | LATIN SMALL LETTER W 78 | 00000078 | LATIN SMALL LETTER X 79 | 00000079 | LATIN SMALL LETTER Y 7A | 0000007A | LATIN SMALL LETTER Z 7B | 0000007B | LEFT CURLY BRACKET 7C | 0000007C | VERTICAL LINE 7D | 0000007D | RIGHT CURLY BRACKET 7E | 0000007E | TILDE 7F | 0000007F | DELETE (DEL) 80 | 00001EA0 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH DOT BELOW 81 | 00001EAE | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH BREVE AND ACUTE 82 | 00001EB0 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH BREVE AND GRAVE 83 | 00001EB6 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH BREVE AND DOT BELOW 84 | 00001EA4 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX AND ACUTE 85 | 00001EA6 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX AND GRAVE 86 | 00001EA8 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX AND HOOK ABOVE 87 | 00001EAC | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX AND DOT BELOW 88 | 00001EBC | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH TILDE 89 | 00001EB8 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH DOT BELOW 8A | 00001EBE | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX AND ACUTE 8B | 00001EC0 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX AND GRAVE 8C | 00001EC2 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX AND HOOK ABOVE 8D | 00001EC4 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX AND TILDE 8E | 00001EC6 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX AND DOT BELOW 8F | 00001ED0 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX AND ACUTE 90 | 00001ED2 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX AND GRAVE 91 | 00001ED4 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX AND HOOK ABOVE 92 | 00001ED6 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX AND TILDE 93 | 00001ED8 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX AND DOT BELOW 94 | 00001EE2 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH HORN AND DOT BELOW 95 | 00001EDA | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH HORN AND ACUTE 96 | 00001EDC | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH HORN AND GRAVE 97 | 00001EDE | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH HORN AND HOOK ABOVE 98 | 00001ECA | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH DOT BELOW 99 | 00001ECE | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH HOOK ABOVE 9A | 00001ECC | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH DOT BELOW 9B | 00001EC8 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH HOOK ABOVE 9C | 00001EE6 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH HOOK ABOVE 9D | 00000168 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH TILDE 9E | 00001EE4 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH DOT BELOW 9F | 00001EF2 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y WITH GRAVE A0 | 000000D5 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH TILDE A1 | 00001EAF | LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH BREVE AND ACUTE A2 | 00001EB1 | LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH BREVE AND GRAVE A3 | 00001EB7 | LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH BREVE AND DOT BELOW A4 | 00001EA5 | LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX AND ACUTE A5 | 00001EA7 | LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX AND GRAVE A6 | 00001EA9 | LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX AND HOOK ABOVE A7 | 00001EAD | LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX AND DOT BELOW A8 | 00001EBD | LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH TILDE A9 | 00001EB9 | LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH DOT BELOW AA | 00001EBF | LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX AND ACUTE AB | 00001EC1 | LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX AND GRAVE AC | 00001EC3 | LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX AND HOOK ABOVE AD | 00001EC5 | LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX AND TILDE AE | 00001EC7 | LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX AND DOT BELOW AF | 00001ED1 | LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX AND ACUTE B0 | 00001ED3 | LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX AND GRAVE B1 | 00001ED5 | LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX AND HOOK ABOVE B2 | 00001ED7 | LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX AND TILDE B3 | 00001EE0 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH HORN AND TILDE B4 | 000001A0 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH HORN B5 | 00001ED9 | LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX AND DOT BELOW B6 | 00001EDD | LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH HORN AND GRAVE B7 | 00001EDF | LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH HORN AND HOOK ABOVE B8 | 00001ECB | LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH DOT BELOW B9 | 00001EF0 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH HORN AND DOT BELOW BA | 00001EE8 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH HORN AND ACUTE BB | 00001EEA | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH HORN AND GRAVE BC | 00001EEC | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH HORN AND HOOK ABOVE BD | 000001A1 | LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH HORN BE | 00001EDB | LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH HORN AND ACUTE BF | 000001AF | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH HORN C0 | 000000C0 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH GRAVE C1 | 000000C1 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH ACUTE C2 | 000000C2 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX C3 | 000000C3 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH TILDE C4 | 00001EA2 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH HOOK ABOVE C5 | 00000102 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH BREVE C6 | 00001EB3 | LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH BREVE AND HOOK ABOVE C7 | 00001EB5 | LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH BREVE AND TILDE C8 | 000000C8 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH GRAVE C9 | 000000C9 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH ACUTE CA | 000000CA | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX CB | 00001EBA | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH HOOK ABOVE CC | 000000CC | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH GRAVE CD | 000000CD | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH ACUTE CE | 00000128 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH TILDE CF | 00001EF3 | LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH GRAVE D0 | 00000110 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D WITH STROKE D1 | 00001EE9 | LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH HORN AND ACUTE D2 | 000000D2 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH GRAVE D3 | 000000D3 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH ACUTE D4 | 000000D4 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX D5 | 00001EA1 | LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH DOT BELOW D6 | 00001EF7 | LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH HOOK ABOVE D7 | 00001EEB | LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH HORN AND GRAVE D8 | 00001EED | LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH HORN AND HOOK ABOVE D9 | 000000D9 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH GRAVE DA | 000000DA | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH ACUTE DB | 00001EF9 | LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH TILDE DC | 00001EF5 | LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH DOT BELOW DD | 000000DD | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y WITH ACUTE DE | 00001EE1 | LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH HORN AND TILDE DF | 000001B0 | LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH HORN E0 | 000000E0 | LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH GRAVE E1 | 000000E1 | LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE E2 | 000000E2 | LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX E3 | 000000E3 | LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH TILDE E4 | 00001EA3 | LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH HOOK ABOVE E5 | 00000103 | LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH BREVE E6 | 00001EEF | LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH HORN AND TILDE E7 | 00001EAB | LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX AND TILDE E8 | 000000E8 | LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH GRAVE E9 | 000000E9 | LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE EA | 000000EA | LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX EB | 00001EBB | LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH HOOK ABOVE EC | 000000EC | LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH GRAVE ED | 000000ED | LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH ACUTE EE | 00000129 | LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH TILDE EF | 00001EC9 | LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH HOOK ABOVE F0 | 00000111 | LATIN SMALL LETTER D WITH STROKE F1 | 00001EF1 | LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH HORN AND DOT BELOW F2 | 000000F2 | LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH GRAVE F3 | 000000F3 | LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH ACUTE F4 | 000000F4 | LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX F5 | 000000F5 | LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH TILDE F6 | 00001ECF | LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH HOOK ABOVE F7 | 00001ECD | LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH DOT BELOW F8 | 00001EE5 | LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DOT BELOW F9 | 000000F9 | LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH GRAVE FA | 000000FA | LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH ACUTE FB | 00000169 | LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH TILDE FC | 00001EE7 | LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH HOOK ABOVE FD | 000000FD | LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH ACUTE FE | 00001EE3 | LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH HORN AND DOT BELOW FF | 00001EEE | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH HORN AND TILDE =head1 AUTHOR Copyright (C) 2002-2017 L<Guido Flohr|http://www.guido-flohr.net/> (L<mailto:guido.flohr@cantanea.com>), all rights reserved. See the source code for details!code for details! =head1 SEE ALSO Locale::RecodeData(3), Locale::Recode(3), perl(1) =cut Local Variables: mode: perl perl-indent-level: 4 perl-continued-statement-offset: 4 perl-continued-brace-offset: 0 perl-brace-offset: -4 perl-brace-imaginary-offset: 0 perl-label-offset: -4 cperl-indent-level: 4 cperl-continued-statement-offset: 2 tab-width: 4 End:

Es la eliminación del sarro y la placa adherida a la superficie de los dientes mediante un equipo de ultrasonidos que garantiza la integridad de las piezas dentales a la vez que elimina en profundidad cualquier resto de suciedad.

A continuación se procede al pulido de los dientes mediante una fresa especial que elimina la placa bacteriana y devuelve a los dientes el aspecto sano que deben tener.

Una vez terminado todo el proceso, se mantiene al perro en observación hasta que se despierta de la anestesia, bajo la atenta supervisión de un veterinario.

¿Cada cuánto tiempo tengo que hacerle una limpieza dental a mi perro?

A partir de cierta edad, los perros pueden necesitar una limpieza dental anual o bianual. Depende de cada caso. En líneas generales, puede decirse que los perros de razas pequeñas suelen acumular más sarro y suelen necesitar una atención mayor en cuanto a higiene dental.

Riesgos de una mala higiene

Los riesgos más evidentes de una mala higiene dental en los perros son los siguientes:

Cuando la acumulación de sarro no se trata, se puede producir una inflamación y retracción de las encías que puede descalzar el diente y provocar caídas.
Mal aliento (halitosis).
Sarro perros
Puede ir a más
Las bacterias de la placa pueden trasladarse a través del torrente circulatorio a órganos vitales como el corazón ocasionando problemas de endocarditis en las válvulas. Las bacterias pueden incluso acantonarse en huesos (La osteomielitis es la infección ósea, tanto cortical como medular) provocando mucho dolor y una artritis séptica).

¿Cómo se forma el sarro?

El sarro es la calcificación de la placa dental. Los restos de alimentos, junto con las bacterias presentes en la boca, van a formar la placa bacteriana o placa dental. Si la placa no se retira, al mezclarse con la saliva y los minerales presentes en ella, reaccionará formando una costra. La placa se calcifica y se forma el sarro.

El sarro, cuando se forma, es de color blanquecino pero a medida que pasa el tiempo se va poniendo amarillo y luego marrón.

Síntomas de una pobre higiene dental
La señal más obvia de una mala salud dental canina es el mal aliento.

Sin embargo, a veces no es tan fácil de detectar
Y hay perros que no se dejan abrir la boca por su dueño. Por ejemplo…

Recientemente nos trajeron a la clínica a un perro que parpadeaba de un ojo y decía su dueño que le picaba un lado de la cara. Tenía molestias y dificultad para comer, lo que había llevado a sus dueños a comprarle comida blanda (que suele ser un poco más cara y llevar más contenido en grasa) durante medio año. Después de una exploración oftalmológica, nos dimos cuenta de que el ojo tenía una úlcera en la córnea probablemente de rascarse . Además, el canto lateral del ojo estaba inflamado. Tenía lo que en humanos llamamos flemón pero como era un perro de pelo largo, no se le notaba a simple vista. Al abrirle la boca nos llamó la atención el ver una muela llena de sarro. Le realizamos una radiografía y encontramos una fístula que llegaba hasta la parte inferior del ojo.

Le tuvimos que extraer la muela. Tras esto, el ojo se curó completamente con unos colirios y una lentilla protectora de úlcera. Afortunadamente, la úlcera no profundizó y no perforó el ojo. Ahora el perro come perfectamente a pesar de haber perdido una muela.

¿Cómo mantener la higiene dental de tu perro?
Hay varias maneras de prevenir problemas derivados de la salud dental de tu perro.

Limpiezas de dientes en casa
Es recomendable limpiar los dientes de tu perro semanal o diariamente si se puede. Existe una gran variedad de productos que se pueden utilizar:

Pastas de dientes.
Cepillos de dientes o dedales para el dedo índice, que hacen más fácil la limpieza.
Colutorios para echar en agua de bebida o directamente sobre el diente en líquido o en spray.

En la Clínica Tus Veterinarios enseñamos a nuestros clientes a tomar el hábito de limpiar los dientes de sus perros desde que son cachorros. Esto responde a nuestro compromiso con la prevención de enfermedades caninas.

Hoy en día tenemos muchos clientes que limpian los dientes todos los días a su mascota, y como resultado, se ahorran el dinero de hacer limpiezas dentales profesionales y consiguen una mejor salud de su perro.

Limpiezas dentales profesionales de perros y gatos

Recomendamos hacer una limpieza dental especializada anualmente. La realizamos con un aparato de ultrasonidos que utiliza agua para quitar el sarro. Después, procedemos a pulir los dientes con un cepillo de alta velocidad y una pasta especial. Hacemos esto para proteger el esmalte.

La frecuencia de limpiezas dentales necesaria varía mucho entre razas. En general, las razas grandes tienen buena calidad de esmalte, por lo que no necesitan hacerlo tan a menudo e incluso pueden pasarse la vida sin requerir una limpieza. Sin embargo, razas pequeñas como el Yorkshire o el Maltés, deben hacérselas todos los años desde cachorros si se quiere conservar sus piezas dentales.

Otro factor fundamental es la calidad del pienso. Algunas marcas han diseñado croquetas que limpian la superficie del diente y de la muela al masticarse.

Ultrasonido para perros

¿Se necesita anestesia para las limpiezas dentales de perros y gatos?

La limpieza dental en perros no es una técnica que pueda practicarse sin anestesia general , aunque hay veces que los propietarios no quieren anestesiar y si tiene poco sarro y el perro es muy bueno se puede intentar…… , pero no se va a poder pulir ni acceder a todas la zona de la boca …. Además los limpiadores dentales van a irrigar agua y hay riesgo de aspiración a vías respiratorias si no se realiza una anestesia correcta con intubación traqueal . En resumen , sin anestesia no se va hacer una correcta limpieza dental.

Tampoco sirve la sedación ya que necesitamos que el animal esté totalmente quieto, y el veterinario tenga un acceso completo a todas sus piezas dentales y encías.

Alimentos para la limpieza dental

Hay que tener cierto cuidado a la hora de comprar determinados alimentos porque no todos son saludables. Algunos tienen demasiado contenido graso, que en exceso puede causar problemas cardiovasculares y obesidad.

Los mejores alimentos para los dientes son aquellos que están elaborados por empresas farmacéuticas y llevan componentes químicos con tratamientos específicos para el diente del perro. Esto implica no solo limpieza a través de la acción mecánica de morder sino también un tratamiento antibacteriano para prevenir el sarro.

Conclusión

Si eres como la mayoría de dueños, por falta de tiempo , es probable que no estés prestando la suficiente atención a la limpieza dental de tu perro. Por eso te animamos a que comiences a limpiar los dientes de tu perro y consideres atender a su higiene bucal con frecuencia.

Estas simples medidas pueden conllevar a que tu perro tenga una vida más larga y mucho más saludable.

Si te resulta imposible introducir un cepillo de dientes a tu perro en la boca, pásate con él por clínica Tus Veterinarios y te explicamos cómo hacerlo.

Necesitas hacer una limpieza dental profesional a tu mascota?
Llámanos al 622575274 o contacta con nosotros

¿Cada cuánto tiempo tengo que hacerle una limpieza dental a mi perro?

Riesgos de una mala higiene

¿Cómo se forma el sarro?

Limpiezas dentales profesionales de perros y gatos

Ultrasonido para perros

Alimentos para la limpieza dental

Conclusión

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