Current File : //proc/self/root/usr/lib/python3.12/logging/config.py
# Copyright 2001-2023 by Vinay Sajip. All Rights Reserved.
#
# Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
# documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted,
# provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that
# both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in
# supporting documentation, and that the name of Vinay Sajip
# not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution
# of the software without specific, written prior permission.
# VINAY SAJIP DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING
# ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL
# VINAY SAJIP BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR
# ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER
# IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT
# OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.

"""
Configuration functions for the logging package for Python. The core package
is based on PEP 282 and comments thereto in comp.lang.python, and influenced
by Apache's log4j system.

Copyright (C) 2001-2022 Vinay Sajip. All Rights Reserved.

To use, simply 'import logging' and log away!
"""

import errno
import functools
import io
import logging
import logging.handlers
import os
import queue
import re
import struct
import threading
import traceback

from socketserver import ThreadingTCPServer, StreamRequestHandler


DEFAULT_LOGGING_CONFIG_PORT = 9030

RESET_ERROR = errno.ECONNRESET

#
#   The following code implements a socket listener for on-the-fly
#   reconfiguration of logging.
#
#   _listener holds the server object doing the listening
_listener = None

def fileConfig(fname, defaults=None, disable_existing_loggers=True, encoding=None):
    """
    Read the logging configuration from a ConfigParser-format file.

    This can be called several times from an application, allowing an end user
    the ability to select from various pre-canned configurations (if the
    developer provides a mechanism to present the choices and load the chosen
    configuration).
    """
    import configparser

    if isinstance(fname, str):
        if not os.path.exists(fname):
            raise FileNotFoundError(f"{fname} doesn't exist")
        elif not os.path.getsize(fname):
            raise RuntimeError(f'{fname} is an empty file')

    if isinstance(fname, configparser.RawConfigParser):
        cp = fname
    else:
        try:
            cp = configparser.ConfigParser(defaults)
            if hasattr(fname, 'readline'):
                cp.read_file(fname)
            else:
                encoding = io.text_encoding(encoding)
                cp.read(fname, encoding=encoding)
        except configparser.ParsingError as e:
            raise RuntimeError(f'{fname} is invalid: {e}')

    formatters = _create_formatters(cp)

    # critical section
    logging._acquireLock()
    try:
        _clearExistingHandlers()

        # Handlers add themselves to logging._handlers
        handlers = _install_handlers(cp, formatters)
        _install_loggers(cp, handlers, disable_existing_loggers)
    finally:
        logging._releaseLock()


def _resolve(name):
    """Resolve a dotted name to a global object."""
    name = name.split('.')
    used = name.pop(0)
    found = __import__(used)
    for n in name:
        used = used + '.' + n
        try:
            found = getattr(found, n)
        except AttributeError:
            __import__(used)
            found = getattr(found, n)
    return found

def _strip_spaces(alist):
    return map(str.strip, alist)

def _create_formatters(cp):
    """Create and return formatters"""
    flist = cp["formatters"]["keys"]
    if not len(flist):
        return {}
    flist = flist.split(",")
    flist = _strip_spaces(flist)
    formatters = {}
    for form in flist:
        sectname = "formatter_%s" % form
        fs = cp.get(sectname, "format", raw=True, fallback=None)
        dfs = cp.get(sectname, "datefmt", raw=True, fallback=None)
        stl = cp.get(sectname, "style", raw=True, fallback='%')
        defaults = cp.get(sectname, "defaults", raw=True, fallback=None)

        c = logging.Formatter
        class_name = cp[sectname].get("class")
        if class_name:
            c = _resolve(class_name)

        if defaults is not None:
            defaults = eval(defaults, vars(logging))
            f = c(fs, dfs, stl, defaults=defaults)
        else:
            f = c(fs, dfs, stl)
        formatters[form] = f
    return formatters


def _install_handlers(cp, formatters):
    """Install and return handlers"""
    hlist = cp["handlers"]["keys"]
    if not len(hlist):
        return {}
    hlist = hlist.split(",")
    hlist = _strip_spaces(hlist)
    handlers = {}
    fixups = [] #for inter-handler references
    for hand in hlist:
        section = cp["handler_%s" % hand]
        klass = section["class"]
        fmt = section.get("formatter", "")
        try:
            klass = eval(klass, vars(logging))
        except (AttributeError, NameError):
            klass = _resolve(klass)
        args = section.get("args", '()')
        args = eval(args, vars(logging))
        kwargs = section.get("kwargs", '{}')
        kwargs = eval(kwargs, vars(logging))
        h = klass(*args, **kwargs)
        h.name = hand
        if "level" in section:
            level = section["level"]
            h.setLevel(level)
        if len(fmt):
            h.setFormatter(formatters[fmt])
        if issubclass(klass, logging.handlers.MemoryHandler):
            target = section.get("target", "")
            if len(target): #the target handler may not be loaded yet, so keep for later...
                fixups.append((h, target))
        handlers[hand] = h
    #now all handlers are loaded, fixup inter-handler references...
    for h, t in fixups:
        h.setTarget(handlers[t])
    return handlers

def _handle_existing_loggers(existing, child_loggers, disable_existing):
    """
    When (re)configuring logging, handle loggers which were in the previous
    configuration but are not in the new configuration. There's no point
    deleting them as other threads may continue to hold references to them;
    and by disabling them, you stop them doing any logging.

    However, don't disable children of named loggers, as that's probably not
    what was intended by the user. Also, allow existing loggers to NOT be
    disabled if disable_existing is false.
    """
    root = logging.root
    for log in existing:
        logger = root.manager.loggerDict[log]
        if log in child_loggers:
            if not isinstance(logger, logging.PlaceHolder):
                logger.setLevel(logging.NOTSET)
                logger.handlers = []
                logger.propagate = True
        else:
            logger.disabled = disable_existing

def _install_loggers(cp, handlers, disable_existing):
    """Create and install loggers"""

    # configure the root first
    llist = cp["loggers"]["keys"]
    llist = llist.split(",")
    llist = list(_strip_spaces(llist))
    llist.remove("root")
    section = cp["logger_root"]
    root = logging.root
    log = root
    if "level" in section:
        level = section["level"]
        log.setLevel(level)
    for h in root.handlers[:]:
        root.removeHandler(h)
    hlist = section["handlers"]
    if len(hlist):
        hlist = hlist.split(",")
        hlist = _strip_spaces(hlist)
        for hand in hlist:
            log.addHandler(handlers[hand])

    #and now the others...
    #we don't want to lose the existing loggers,
    #since other threads may have pointers to them.
    #existing is set to contain all existing loggers,
    #and as we go through the new configuration we
    #remove any which are configured. At the end,
    #what's left in existing is the set of loggers
    #which were in the previous configuration but
    #which are not in the new configuration.
    existing = list(root.manager.loggerDict.keys())
    #The list needs to be sorted so that we can
    #avoid disabling child loggers of explicitly
    #named loggers. With a sorted list it is easier
    #to find the child loggers.
    existing.sort()
    #We'll keep the list of existing loggers
    #which are children of named loggers here...
    child_loggers = []
    #now set up the new ones...
    for log in llist:
        section = cp["logger_%s" % log]
        qn = section["qualname"]
        propagate = section.getint("propagate", fallback=1)
        logger = logging.getLogger(qn)
        if qn in existing:
            i = existing.index(qn) + 1 # start with the entry after qn
            prefixed = qn + "."
            pflen = len(prefixed)
            num_existing = len(existing)
            while i < num_existing:
                if existing[i][:pflen] == prefixed:
                    child_loggers.append(existing[i])
                i += 1
            existing.remove(qn)
        if "level" in section:
            level = section["level"]
            logger.setLevel(level)
        for h in logger.handlers[:]:
            logger.removeHandler(h)
        logger.propagate = propagate
        logger.disabled = 0
        hlist = section["handlers"]
        if len(hlist):
            hlist = hlist.split(",")
            hlist = _strip_spaces(hlist)
            for hand in hlist:
                logger.addHandler(handlers[hand])

    #Disable any old loggers. There's no point deleting
    #them as other threads may continue to hold references
    #and by disabling them, you stop them doing any logging.
    #However, don't disable children of named loggers, as that's
    #probably not what was intended by the user.
    #for log in existing:
    #    logger = root.manager.loggerDict[log]
    #    if log in child_loggers:
    #        logger.level = logging.NOTSET
    #        logger.handlers = []
    #        logger.propagate = 1
    #    elif disable_existing_loggers:
    #        logger.disabled = 1
    _handle_existing_loggers(existing, child_loggers, disable_existing)


def _clearExistingHandlers():
    """Clear and close existing handlers"""
    logging._handlers.clear()
    logging.shutdown(logging._handlerList[:])
    del logging._handlerList[:]


IDENTIFIER = re.compile('^[a-z_][a-z0-9_]*$', re.I)


def valid_ident(s):
    m = IDENTIFIER.match(s)
    if not m:
        raise ValueError('Not a valid Python identifier: %r' % s)
    return True


class ConvertingMixin(object):
    """For ConvertingXXX's, this mixin class provides common functions"""

    def convert_with_key(self, key, value, replace=True):
        result = self.configurator.convert(value)
        #If the converted value is different, save for next time
        if value is not result:
            if replace:
                self[key] = result
            if type(result) in (ConvertingDict, ConvertingList,
                               ConvertingTuple):
                result.parent = self
                result.key = key
        return result

    def convert(self, value):
        result = self.configurator.convert(value)
        if value is not result:
            if type(result) in (ConvertingDict, ConvertingList,
                               ConvertingTuple):
                result.parent = self
        return result


# The ConvertingXXX classes are wrappers around standard Python containers,
# and they serve to convert any suitable values in the container. The
# conversion converts base dicts, lists and tuples to their wrapped
# equivalents, whereas strings which match a conversion format are converted
# appropriately.
#
# Each wrapper should have a configurator attribute holding the actual
# configurator to use for conversion.

class ConvertingDict(dict, ConvertingMixin):
    """A converting dictionary wrapper."""

    def __getitem__(self, key):
        value = dict.__getitem__(self, key)
        return self.convert_with_key(key, value)

    def get(self, key, default=None):
        value = dict.get(self, key, default)
        return self.convert_with_key(key, value)

    def pop(self, key, default=None):
        value = dict.pop(self, key, default)
        return self.convert_with_key(key, value, replace=False)

class ConvertingList(list, ConvertingMixin):
    """A converting list wrapper."""
    def __getitem__(self, key):
        value = list.__getitem__(self, key)
        return self.convert_with_key(key, value)

    def pop(self, idx=-1):
        value = list.pop(self, idx)
        return self.convert(value)

class ConvertingTuple(tuple, ConvertingMixin):
    """A converting tuple wrapper."""
    def __getitem__(self, key):
        value = tuple.__getitem__(self, key)
        # Can't replace a tuple entry.
        return self.convert_with_key(key, value, replace=False)

class BaseConfigurator(object):
    """
    The configurator base class which defines some useful defaults.
    """

    CONVERT_PATTERN = re.compile(r'^(?P<prefix>[a-z]+)://(?P<suffix>.*)$')

    WORD_PATTERN = re.compile(r'^\s*(\w+)\s*')
    DOT_PATTERN = re.compile(r'^\.\s*(\w+)\s*')
    INDEX_PATTERN = re.compile(r'^\[\s*(\w+)\s*\]\s*')
    DIGIT_PATTERN = re.compile(r'^\d+$')

    value_converters = {
        'ext' : 'ext_convert',
        'cfg' : 'cfg_convert',
    }

    # We might want to use a different one, e.g. importlib
    importer = staticmethod(__import__)

    def __init__(self, config):
        self.config = ConvertingDict(config)
        self.config.configurator = self

    def resolve(self, s):
        """
        Resolve strings to objects using standard import and attribute
        syntax.
        """
        name = s.split('.')
        used = name.pop(0)
        try:
            found = self.importer(used)
            for frag in name:
                used += '.' + frag
                try:
                    found = getattr(found, frag)
                except AttributeError:
                    self.importer(used)
                    found = getattr(found, frag)
            return found
        except ImportError as e:
            v = ValueError('Cannot resolve %r: %s' % (s, e))
            raise v from e

    def ext_convert(self, value):
        """Default converter for the ext:// protocol."""
        return self.resolve(value)

    def cfg_convert(self, value):
        """Default converter for the cfg:// protocol."""
        rest = value
        m = self.WORD_PATTERN.match(rest)
        if m is None:
            raise ValueError("Unable to convert %r" % value)
        else:
            rest = rest[m.end():]
            d = self.config[m.groups()[0]]
            #print d, rest
            while rest:
                m = self.DOT_PATTERN.match(rest)
                if m:
                    d = d[m.groups()[0]]
                else:
                    m = self.INDEX_PATTERN.match(rest)
                    if m:
                        idx = m.groups()[0]
                        if not self.DIGIT_PATTERN.match(idx):
                            d = d[idx]
                        else:
                            try:
                                n = int(idx) # try as number first (most likely)
                                d = d[n]
                            except TypeError:
                                d = d[idx]
                if m:
                    rest = rest[m.end():]
                else:
                    raise ValueError('Unable to convert '
                                     '%r at %r' % (value, rest))
        #rest should be empty
        return d

    def convert(self, value):
        """
        Convert values to an appropriate type. dicts, lists and tuples are
        replaced by their converting alternatives. Strings are checked to
        see if they have a conversion format and are converted if they do.
        """
        if not isinstance(value, ConvertingDict) and isinstance(value, dict):
            value = ConvertingDict(value)
            value.configurator = self
        elif not isinstance(value, ConvertingList) and isinstance(value, list):
            value = ConvertingList(value)
            value.configurator = self
        elif not isinstance(value, ConvertingTuple) and\
                 isinstance(value, tuple) and not hasattr(value, '_fields'):
            value = ConvertingTuple(value)
            value.configurator = self
        elif isinstance(value, str): # str for py3k
            m = self.CONVERT_PATTERN.match(value)
            if m:
                d = m.groupdict()
                prefix = d['prefix']
                converter = self.value_converters.get(prefix, None)
                if converter:
                    suffix = d['suffix']
                    converter = getattr(self, converter)
                    value = converter(suffix)
        return value

    def configure_custom(self, config):
        """Configure an object with a user-supplied factory."""
        c = config.pop('()')
        if not callable(c):
            c = self.resolve(c)
        # Check for valid identifiers
        kwargs = {k: config[k] for k in config if (k != '.' and valid_ident(k))}
        result = c(**kwargs)
        props = config.pop('.', None)
        if props:
            for name, value in props.items():
                setattr(result, name, value)
        return result

    def as_tuple(self, value):
        """Utility function which converts lists to tuples."""
        if isinstance(value, list):
            value = tuple(value)
        return value

class DictConfigurator(BaseConfigurator):
    """
    Configure logging using a dictionary-like object to describe the
    configuration.
    """

    def configure(self):
        """Do the configuration."""

        config = self.config
        if 'version' not in config:
            raise ValueError("dictionary doesn't specify a version")
        if config['version'] != 1:
            raise ValueError("Unsupported version: %s" % config['version'])
        incremental = config.pop('incremental', False)
        EMPTY_DICT = {}
        logging._acquireLock()
        try:
            if incremental:
                handlers = config.get('handlers', EMPTY_DICT)
                for name in handlers:
                    if name not in logging._handlers:
                        raise ValueError('No handler found with '
                                         'name %r'  % name)
                    else:
                        try:
                            handler = logging._handlers[name]
                            handler_config = handlers[name]
                            level = handler_config.get('level', None)
                            if level:
                                handler.setLevel(logging._checkLevel(level))
                        except Exception as e:
                            raise ValueError('Unable to configure handler '
                                             '%r' % name) from e
                loggers = config.get('loggers', EMPTY_DICT)
                for name in loggers:
                    try:
                        self.configure_logger(name, loggers[name], True)
                    except Exception as e:
                        raise ValueError('Unable to configure logger '
                                         '%r' % name) from e
                root = config.get('root', None)
                if root:
                    try:
                        self.configure_root(root, True)
                    except Exception as e:
                        raise ValueError('Unable to configure root '
                                         'logger') from e
            else:
                disable_existing = config.pop('disable_existing_loggers', True)

                _clearExistingHandlers()

                # Do formatters first - they don't refer to anything else
                formatters = config.get('formatters', EMPTY_DICT)
                for name in formatters:
                    try:
                        formatters[name] = self.configure_formatter(
                                                            formatters[name])
                    except Exception as e:
                        raise ValueError('Unable to configure '
                                         'formatter %r' % name) from e
                # Next, do filters - they don't refer to anything else, either
                filters = config.get('filters', EMPTY_DICT)
                for name in filters:
                    try:
                        filters[name] = self.configure_filter(filters[name])
                    except Exception as e:
                        raise ValueError('Unable to configure '
                                         'filter %r' % name) from e

                # Next, do handlers - they refer to formatters and filters
                # As handlers can refer to other handlers, sort the keys
                # to allow a deterministic order of configuration
                handlers = config.get('handlers', EMPTY_DICT)
                deferred = []
                for name in sorted(handlers):
                    try:
                        handler = self.configure_handler(handlers[name])
                        handler.name = name
                        handlers[name] = handler
                    except Exception as e:
                        if ' not configured yet' in str(e.__cause__):
                            deferred.append(name)
                        else:
                            raise ValueError('Unable to configure handler '
                                             '%r' % name) from e

                # Now do any that were deferred
                for name in deferred:
                    try:
                        handler = self.configure_handler(handlers[name])
                        handler.name = name
                        handlers[name] = handler
                    except Exception as e:
                        raise ValueError('Unable to configure handler '
                                         '%r' % name) from e

                # Next, do loggers - they refer to handlers and filters

                #we don't want to lose the existing loggers,
                #since other threads may have pointers to them.
                #existing is set to contain all existing loggers,
                #and as we go through the new configuration we
                #remove any which are configured. At the end,
                #what's left in existing is the set of loggers
                #which were in the previous configuration but
                #which are not in the new configuration.
                root = logging.root
                existing = list(root.manager.loggerDict.keys())
                #The list needs to be sorted so that we can
                #avoid disabling child loggers of explicitly
                #named loggers. With a sorted list it is easier
                #to find the child loggers.
                existing.sort()
                #We'll keep the list of existing loggers
                #which are children of named loggers here...
                child_loggers = []
                #now set up the new ones...
                loggers = config.get('loggers', EMPTY_DICT)
                for name in loggers:
                    if name in existing:
                        i = existing.index(name) + 1 # look after name
                        prefixed = name + "."
                        pflen = len(prefixed)
                        num_existing = len(existing)
                        while i < num_existing:
                            if existing[i][:pflen] == prefixed:
                                child_loggers.append(existing[i])
                            i += 1
                        existing.remove(name)
                    try:
                        self.configure_logger(name, loggers[name])
                    except Exception as e:
                        raise ValueError('Unable to configure logger '
                                         '%r' % name) from e

                #Disable any old loggers. There's no point deleting
                #them as other threads may continue to hold references
                #and by disabling them, you stop them doing any logging.
                #However, don't disable children of named loggers, as that's
                #probably not what was intended by the user.
                #for log in existing:
                #    logger = root.manager.loggerDict[log]
                #    if log in child_loggers:
                #        logger.level = logging.NOTSET
                #        logger.handlers = []
                #        logger.propagate = True
                #    elif disable_existing:
                #        logger.disabled = True
                _handle_existing_loggers(existing, child_loggers,
                                         disable_existing)

                # And finally, do the root logger
                root = config.get('root', None)
                if root:
                    try:
                        self.configure_root(root)
                    except Exception as e:
                        raise ValueError('Unable to configure root '
                                         'logger') from e
        finally:
            logging._releaseLock()

    def configure_formatter(self, config):
        """Configure a formatter from a dictionary."""
        if '()' in config:
            factory = config['()'] # for use in exception handler
            try:
                result = self.configure_custom(config)
            except TypeError as te:
                if "'format'" not in str(te):
                    raise
                #Name of parameter changed from fmt to format.
                #Retry with old name.
                #This is so that code can be used with older Python versions
                #(e.g. by Django)
                config['fmt'] = config.pop('format')
                config['()'] = factory
                result = self.configure_custom(config)
        else:
            fmt = config.get('format', None)
            dfmt = config.get('datefmt', None)
            style = config.get('style', '%')
            cname = config.get('class', None)
            defaults = config.get('defaults', None)

            if not cname:
                c = logging.Formatter
            else:
                c = _resolve(cname)

            kwargs  = {}

            # Add defaults only if it exists.
            # Prevents TypeError in custom formatter callables that do not
            # accept it.
            if defaults is not None:
                kwargs['defaults'] = defaults

            # A TypeError would be raised if "validate" key is passed in with a formatter callable
            # that does not accept "validate" as a parameter
            if 'validate' in config:  # if user hasn't mentioned it, the default will be fine
                result = c(fmt, dfmt, style, config['validate'], **kwargs)
            else:
                result = c(fmt, dfmt, style, **kwargs)

        return result

    def configure_filter(self, config):
        """Configure a filter from a dictionary."""
        if '()' in config:
            result = self.configure_custom(config)
        else:
            name = config.get('name', '')
            result = logging.Filter(name)
        return result

    def add_filters(self, filterer, filters):
        """Add filters to a filterer from a list of names."""
        for f in filters:
            try:
                if callable(f) or callable(getattr(f, 'filter', None)):
                    filter_ = f
                else:
                    filter_ = self.config['filters'][f]
                filterer.addFilter(filter_)
            except Exception as e:
                raise ValueError('Unable to add filter %r' % f) from e

    def _configure_queue_handler(self, klass, **kwargs):
        if 'queue' in kwargs:
            q = kwargs['queue']
        else:
            q = queue.Queue()  # unbounded
        rhl = kwargs.get('respect_handler_level', False)
        if 'listener' in kwargs:
            lklass = kwargs['listener']
        else:
            lklass = logging.handlers.QueueListener
        listener = lklass(q, *kwargs.get('handlers', []), respect_handler_level=rhl)
        handler = klass(q)
        handler.listener = listener
        return handler

    def configure_handler(self, config):
        """Configure a handler from a dictionary."""
        config_copy = dict(config)  # for restoring in case of error
        formatter = config.pop('formatter', None)
        if formatter:
            try:
                formatter = self.config['formatters'][formatter]
            except Exception as e:
                raise ValueError('Unable to set formatter '
                                 '%r' % formatter) from e
        level = config.pop('level', None)
        filters = config.pop('filters', None)
        if '()' in config:
            c = config.pop('()')
            if not callable(c):
                c = self.resolve(c)
            factory = c
        else:
            cname = config.pop('class')
            if callable(cname):
                klass = cname
            else:
                klass = self.resolve(cname)
            if issubclass(klass, logging.handlers.MemoryHandler) and\
                'target' in config:
                # Special case for handler which refers to another handler
                try:
                    tn = config['target']
                    th = self.config['handlers'][tn]
                    if not isinstance(th, logging.Handler):
                        config.update(config_copy)  # restore for deferred cfg
                        raise TypeError('target not configured yet')
                    config['target'] = th
                except Exception as e:
                    raise ValueError('Unable to set target handler %r' % tn) from e
            elif issubclass(klass, logging.handlers.QueueHandler):
                # Another special case for handler which refers to other handlers
                # if 'handlers' not in config:
                    # raise ValueError('No handlers specified for a QueueHandler')
                if 'queue' in config:
                    from multiprocessing.queues import Queue as MPQueue
                    qspec = config['queue']
                    if not isinstance(qspec, (queue.Queue, MPQueue)):
                        if isinstance(qspec, str):
                            q = self.resolve(qspec)
                            if not callable(q):
                                raise TypeError('Invalid queue specifier %r' % qspec)
                            q = q()
                        elif isinstance(qspec, dict):
                            if '()' not in qspec:
                                raise TypeError('Invalid queue specifier %r' % qspec)
                            q = self.configure_custom(dict(qspec))
                        else:
                            raise TypeError('Invalid queue specifier %r' % qspec)
                        config['queue'] = q
                if 'listener' in config:
                    lspec = config['listener']
                    if isinstance(lspec, type):
                        if not issubclass(lspec, logging.handlers.QueueListener):
                            raise TypeError('Invalid listener specifier %r' % lspec)
                    else:
                        if isinstance(lspec, str):
                            listener = self.resolve(lspec)
                            if isinstance(listener, type) and\
                                not issubclass(listener, logging.handlers.QueueListener):
                                raise TypeError('Invalid listener specifier %r' % lspec)
                        elif isinstance(lspec, dict):
                            if '()' not in lspec:
                                raise TypeError('Invalid listener specifier %r' % lspec)
                            listener = self.configure_custom(dict(lspec))
                        else:
                            raise TypeError('Invalid listener specifier %r' % lspec)
                        if not callable(listener):
                            raise TypeError('Invalid listener specifier %r' % lspec)
                        config['listener'] = listener
                if 'handlers' in config:
                    hlist = []
                    try:
                        for hn in config['handlers']:
                            h = self.config['handlers'][hn]
                            if not isinstance(h, logging.Handler):
                                config.update(config_copy)  # restore for deferred cfg
                                raise TypeError('Required handler %r '
                                                'is not configured yet' % hn)
                            hlist.append(h)
                    except Exception as e:
                        raise ValueError('Unable to set required handler %r' % hn) from e
                    config['handlers'] = hlist
            elif issubclass(klass, logging.handlers.SMTPHandler) and\
                'mailhost' in config:
                config['mailhost'] = self.as_tuple(config['mailhost'])
            elif issubclass(klass, logging.handlers.SysLogHandler) and\
                'address' in config:
                config['address'] = self.as_tuple(config['address'])
            if issubclass(klass, logging.handlers.QueueHandler):
                factory = functools.partial(self._configure_queue_handler, klass)
            else:
                factory = klass
        kwargs = {k: config[k] for k in config if (k != '.' and valid_ident(k))}
        try:
            result = factory(**kwargs)
        except TypeError as te:
            if "'stream'" not in str(te):
                raise
            #The argument name changed from strm to stream
            #Retry with old name.
            #This is so that code can be used with older Python versions
            #(e.g. by Django)
            kwargs['strm'] = kwargs.pop('stream')
            result = factory(**kwargs)
        if formatter:
            result.setFormatter(formatter)
        if level is not None:
            result.setLevel(logging._checkLevel(level))
        if filters:
            self.add_filters(result, filters)
        props = config.pop('.', None)
        if props:
            for name, value in props.items():
                setattr(result, name, value)
        return result

    def add_handlers(self, logger, handlers):
        """Add handlers to a logger from a list of names."""
        for h in handlers:
            try:
                logger.addHandler(self.config['handlers'][h])
            except Exception as e:
                raise ValueError('Unable to add handler %r' % h) from e

    def common_logger_config(self, logger, config, incremental=False):
        """
        Perform configuration which is common to root and non-root loggers.
        """
        level = config.get('level', None)
        if level is not None:
            logger.setLevel(logging._checkLevel(level))
        if not incremental:
            #Remove any existing handlers
            for h in logger.handlers[:]:
                logger.removeHandler(h)
            handlers = config.get('handlers', None)
            if handlers:
                self.add_handlers(logger, handlers)
            filters = config.get('filters', None)
            if filters:
                self.add_filters(logger, filters)

    def configure_logger(self, name, config, incremental=False):
        """Configure a non-root logger from a dictionary."""
        logger = logging.getLogger(name)
        self.common_logger_config(logger, config, incremental)
        logger.disabled = False
        propagate = config.get('propagate', None)
        if propagate is not None:
            logger.propagate = propagate

    def configure_root(self, config, incremental=False):
        """Configure a root logger from a dictionary."""
        root = logging.getLogger()
        self.common_logger_config(root, config, incremental)

dictConfigClass = DictConfigurator

def dictConfig(config):
    """Configure logging using a dictionary."""
    dictConfigClass(config).configure()


def listen(port=DEFAULT_LOGGING_CONFIG_PORT, verify=None):
    """
    Start up a socket server on the specified port, and listen for new
    configurations.

    These will be sent as a file suitable for processing by fileConfig().
    Returns a Thread object on which you can call start() to start the server,
    and which you can join() when appropriate. To stop the server, call
    stopListening().

    Use the ``verify`` argument to verify any bytes received across the wire
    from a client. If specified, it should be a callable which receives a
    single argument - the bytes of configuration data received across the
    network - and it should return either ``None``, to indicate that the
    passed in bytes could not be verified and should be discarded, or a
    byte string which is then passed to the configuration machinery as
    normal. Note that you can return transformed bytes, e.g. by decrypting
    the bytes passed in.
    """

    class ConfigStreamHandler(StreamRequestHandler):
        """
        Handler for a logging configuration request.

        It expects a completely new logging configuration and uses fileConfig
        to install it.
        """
        def handle(self):
            """
            Handle a request.

            Each request is expected to be a 4-byte length, packed using
            struct.pack(">L", n), followed by the config file.
            Uses fileConfig() to do the grunt work.
            """
            try:
                conn = self.connection
                chunk = conn.recv(4)
                if len(chunk) == 4:
                    slen = struct.unpack(">L", chunk)[0]
                    chunk = self.connection.recv(slen)
                    while len(chunk) < slen:
                        chunk = chunk + conn.recv(slen - len(chunk))
                    if self.server.verify is not None:
                        chunk = self.server.verify(chunk)
                    if chunk is not None:   # verified, can process
                        chunk = chunk.decode("utf-8")
                        try:
                            import json
                            d =json.loads(chunk)
                            assert isinstance(d, dict)
                            dictConfig(d)
                        except Exception:
                            #Apply new configuration.

                            file = io.StringIO(chunk)
                            try:
                                fileConfig(file)
                            except Exception:
                                traceback.print_exc()
                    if self.server.ready:
                        self.server.ready.set()
            except OSError as e:
                if e.errno != RESET_ERROR:
                    raise

    class ConfigSocketReceiver(ThreadingTCPServer):
        """
        A simple TCP socket-based logging config receiver.
        """

        allow_reuse_address = 1

        def __init__(self, host='localhost', port=DEFAULT_LOGGING_CONFIG_PORT,
                     handler=None, ready=None, verify=None):
            ThreadingTCPServer.__init__(self, (host, port), handler)
            logging._acquireLock()
            self.abort = 0
            logging._releaseLock()
            self.timeout = 1
            self.ready = ready
            self.verify = verify

        def serve_until_stopped(self):
            import select
            abort = 0
            while not abort:
                rd, wr, ex = select.select([self.socket.fileno()],
                                           [], [],
                                           self.timeout)
                if rd:
                    self.handle_request()
                logging._acquireLock()
                abort = self.abort
                logging._releaseLock()
            self.server_close()

    class Server(threading.Thread):

        def __init__(self, rcvr, hdlr, port, verify):
            super(Server, self).__init__()
            self.rcvr = rcvr
            self.hdlr = hdlr
            self.port = port
            self.verify = verify
            self.ready = threading.Event()

        def run(self):
            server = self.rcvr(port=self.port, handler=self.hdlr,
                               ready=self.ready,
                               verify=self.verify)
            if self.port == 0:
                self.port = server.server_address[1]
            self.ready.set()
            global _listener
            logging._acquireLock()
            _listener = server
            logging._releaseLock()
            server.serve_until_stopped()

    return Server(ConfigSocketReceiver, ConfigStreamHandler, port, verify)

def stopListening():
    """
    Stop the listening server which was created with a call to listen().
    """
    global _listener
    logging._acquireLock()
    try:
        if _listener:
            _listener.abort = 1
            _listener = None
    finally:
        logging._releaseLock()
¿Qué es la limpieza dental de perros? - Clínica veterinaria


Es la eliminación del sarro y la placa adherida a la superficie de los dientes mediante un equipo de ultrasonidos que garantiza la integridad de las piezas dentales a la vez que elimina en profundidad cualquier resto de suciedad.

A continuación se procede al pulido de los dientes mediante una fresa especial que elimina la placa bacteriana y devuelve a los dientes el aspecto sano que deben tener.

Una vez terminado todo el proceso, se mantiene al perro en observación hasta que se despierta de la anestesia, bajo la atenta supervisión de un veterinario.

¿Cada cuánto tiempo tengo que hacerle una limpieza dental a mi perro?

A partir de cierta edad, los perros pueden necesitar una limpieza dental anual o bianual. Depende de cada caso. En líneas generales, puede decirse que los perros de razas pequeñas suelen acumular más sarro y suelen necesitar una atención mayor en cuanto a higiene dental.


Riesgos de una mala higiene


Los riesgos más evidentes de una mala higiene dental en los perros son los siguientes:

  • Cuando la acumulación de sarro no se trata, se puede producir una inflamación y retracción de las encías que puede descalzar el diente y provocar caídas.
  • Mal aliento (halitosis).
  • Sarro perros
  • Puede ir a más
  • Las bacterias de la placa pueden trasladarse a través del torrente circulatorio a órganos vitales como el corazón ocasionando problemas de endocarditis en las válvulas. Las bacterias pueden incluso acantonarse en huesos (La osteomielitis es la infección ósea, tanto cortical como medular) provocando mucho dolor y una artritis séptica).

¿Cómo se forma el sarro?

El sarro es la calcificación de la placa dental. Los restos de alimentos, junto con las bacterias presentes en la boca, van a formar la placa bacteriana o placa dental. Si la placa no se retira, al mezclarse con la saliva y los minerales presentes en ella, reaccionará formando una costra. La placa se calcifica y se forma el sarro.

El sarro, cuando se forma, es de color blanquecino pero a medida que pasa el tiempo se va poniendo amarillo y luego marrón.

Síntomas de una pobre higiene dental
La señal más obvia de una mala salud dental canina es el mal aliento.

Sin embargo, a veces no es tan fácil de detectar
Y hay perros que no se dejan abrir la boca por su dueño. Por ejemplo…

Recientemente nos trajeron a la clínica a un perro que parpadeaba de un ojo y decía su dueño que le picaba un lado de la cara. Tenía molestias y dificultad para comer, lo que había llevado a sus dueños a comprarle comida blanda (que suele ser un poco más cara y llevar más contenido en grasa) durante medio año. Después de una exploración oftalmológica, nos dimos cuenta de que el ojo tenía una úlcera en la córnea probablemente de rascarse . Además, el canto lateral del ojo estaba inflamado. Tenía lo que en humanos llamamos flemón pero como era un perro de pelo largo, no se le notaba a simple vista. Al abrirle la boca nos llamó la atención el ver una muela llena de sarro. Le realizamos una radiografía y encontramos una fístula que llegaba hasta la parte inferior del ojo.

Le tuvimos que extraer la muela. Tras esto, el ojo se curó completamente con unos colirios y una lentilla protectora de úlcera. Afortunadamente, la úlcera no profundizó y no perforó el ojo. Ahora el perro come perfectamente a pesar de haber perdido una muela.

¿Cómo mantener la higiene dental de tu perro?
Hay varias maneras de prevenir problemas derivados de la salud dental de tu perro.

Limpiezas de dientes en casa
Es recomendable limpiar los dientes de tu perro semanal o diariamente si se puede. Existe una gran variedad de productos que se pueden utilizar:

Pastas de dientes.
Cepillos de dientes o dedales para el dedo índice, que hacen más fácil la limpieza.
Colutorios para echar en agua de bebida o directamente sobre el diente en líquido o en spray.

En la Clínica Tus Veterinarios enseñamos a nuestros clientes a tomar el hábito de limpiar los dientes de sus perros desde que son cachorros. Esto responde a nuestro compromiso con la prevención de enfermedades caninas.

Hoy en día tenemos muchos clientes que limpian los dientes todos los días a su mascota, y como resultado, se ahorran el dinero de hacer limpiezas dentales profesionales y consiguen una mejor salud de su perro.


Limpiezas dentales profesionales de perros y gatos

Recomendamos hacer una limpieza dental especializada anualmente. La realizamos con un aparato de ultrasonidos que utiliza agua para quitar el sarro. Después, procedemos a pulir los dientes con un cepillo de alta velocidad y una pasta especial. Hacemos esto para proteger el esmalte.

La frecuencia de limpiezas dentales necesaria varía mucho entre razas. En general, las razas grandes tienen buena calidad de esmalte, por lo que no necesitan hacerlo tan a menudo e incluso pueden pasarse la vida sin requerir una limpieza. Sin embargo, razas pequeñas como el Yorkshire o el Maltés, deben hacérselas todos los años desde cachorros si se quiere conservar sus piezas dentales.

Otro factor fundamental es la calidad del pienso. Algunas marcas han diseñado croquetas que limpian la superficie del diente y de la muela al masticarse.

Ultrasonido para perros

¿Se necesita anestesia para las limpiezas dentales de perros y gatos?

La limpieza dental en perros no es una técnica que pueda practicarse sin anestesia general , aunque hay veces que los propietarios no quieren anestesiar y si tiene poco sarro y el perro es muy bueno se puede intentar…… , pero no se va a poder pulir ni acceder a todas la zona de la boca …. Además los limpiadores dentales van a irrigar agua y hay riesgo de aspiración a vías respiratorias si no se realiza una anestesia correcta con intubación traqueal . En resumen , sin anestesia no se va hacer una correcta limpieza dental.

Tampoco sirve la sedación ya que necesitamos que el animal esté totalmente quieto, y el veterinario tenga un acceso completo a todas sus piezas dentales y encías.

Alimentos para la limpieza dental

Hay que tener cierto cuidado a la hora de comprar determinados alimentos porque no todos son saludables. Algunos tienen demasiado contenido graso, que en exceso puede causar problemas cardiovasculares y obesidad.

Los mejores alimentos para los dientes son aquellos que están elaborados por empresas farmacéuticas y llevan componentes químicos con tratamientos específicos para el diente del perro. Esto implica no solo limpieza a través de la acción mecánica de morder sino también un tratamiento antibacteriano para prevenir el sarro.

Conclusión

Si eres como la mayoría de dueños, por falta de tiempo , es probable que no estés prestando la suficiente atención a la limpieza dental de tu perro. Por eso te animamos a que comiences a limpiar los dientes de tu perro y consideres atender a su higiene bucal con frecuencia.

Estas simples medidas pueden conllevar a que tu perro tenga una vida más larga y mucho más saludable.

Si te resulta imposible introducir un cepillo de dientes a tu perro en la boca, pásate con él por clínica Tus Veterinarios y te explicamos cómo hacerlo.

Necesitas hacer una limpieza dental profesional a tu mascota?
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